The dynamics of self-regulation

Fishbach, Ayelet; Zhang, Ying; Koo, Minjung

doi:10.1080/10463280903275375

Cited by 154 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…However, other factors may also contribute to the small-area effect. In particular, research on the dynamics of self-regulation attests that people obtain different information from completed versus remaining actions (Fishbach, Zhang, and Koo 2009;Koo and Fishbach 2008). Completed actions serve as a signal of personal commitment and increase motivation for those who are not yet committed to their goals, whereas remaining actions signal a need to progress and increase motivation for those who are already committed to their goals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Small-Area Hypothesis: Effects of Progress Monitoring on Goal Adherence

Koo¹,

Fishbach²

2012

Journal of Consumer Research

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119

110

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. This article examines a small-area hypothesis: individuals striving toward a goal end state exhibit greater motivation when their attention is directed to whichever is smaller in size-their accumulated or remaining progress. The result is that, at the beginning of goal pursuit, directing attention to accumulated progress increases goal adherence relative to directing attention to remaining progress (e.g., 20% completed is more impactful than 80% remaining). However, with closeness to the goal, directing attention to accumulated progress lessens goal adherence relative to directing attention to remaining progress (e.g., 20% remaining is more impactful than 80% completed; studies 1-2). The focus on small areas increases motivation by creating an illusion of fast progress (study 3). Therefore, when individuals wish to prolong goal pursuit and avoid reaching the goal's end state, they slow down goal adherence when their attention is directed to small areas (study 4). The University of Chicago Press

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Small-Area Hypothesis: Effects of Progress Monitoring on Goal Adherence

Koo¹,

Fishbach²

2012

Journal of Consumer Research

Self Cite

119

110

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“…One factor that can affect contributions is individual identification with the group Thomas, McGarty, & Mavor, 2009;Veenstra & Haslam, 2000). To explore the impact of identification, we first distinguished between the motivation to work on a shared goal because the goal appears worthwhile and the motivation to work on a shared goal because one recognizes a need for progress (Fishbach et al, 2009). We then proposed that individuals' identification with the group determines the source of their motivation: whether they wish to evaluate the goal value and contribute if the goal appears worthwhile versus whether they wish to evaluate the need for goal progress and contribute if the progress is insufficient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, when individuals' source of motivation is dependent on whether they perceive an opportunity to make progress toward an already committed goal, they tend to increase their efforts through a dynamic of balancing between past and present efforts if the focal goal appears to be neglected (Fishbach et al, 2009; for review, see also Khan & Dhar, 2006;Monin & Miller, 2001). Importantly, for many goals, individuals can focus on either the times they pursued them or the times they neglected to pursue them.…”

Section: Source Of Motivation For Personal Goalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent research on dynamics of self-regulation has dealt with the metacognitive strategies individuals use to ensure successful pursuit of their personal goals (Fishbach & Zhang, 2008;Fishbach, Zhang, & Koo, 2009). Specifically, this research posits that people ask themselves one of two questions when deciding whether to invest in one personal goal versus another: "Is the goal worth pursuing?"…”

Section: Source Of Motivation For Personal Goalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pursuing goals with others: Group identification and motivation resulting from things done versus things left undone.

Fishbach¹,

Henderson²,

Koo³

2011

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

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This article addresses what factors best motivate individuals to work toward shared goals. We propose that when individuals do not identify highly with a group, their contributions will mimic others': An emphasis on things done will increase their contributions toward achieving a goal, because such emphasis suggests the goal is worth pursuing. Conversely, we propose that when individuals identify highly with a group, their contributions will compensate for others': An emphasis on things left undone will increase their own contributions, because missing contributions suggest insufficient progress toward a goal they already consider worthwhile. Five studies lend support to these predictions by measuring contributions to goals centered on idea generation and helping victims of various global disasters (earthquake in Haiti, wildfires in Southern California, rioting in Kenya).

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“…Fishbach et al (2006) suggested that people who focused on goal progress may transition to an alternative goal when they thought adequate progress had been made toward the initial goal (environmental protection), as described above. According to goal-regulation theory, we could make people shift their focus to goal commitment and concentrate their cognitive resources on the initial goal (environmental protection), ultimately reducing licensing effects in pro-environmental behaviours (Fishbach, Zhang, & Koo, 2009). Consequently, we designed a priming task that involved attributional recall to change participants' goal focus.…”

Section: Address For Correspondence: Dr Liuna Geng Department Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Previous Pro-Environmental Behaviours Influence Subsequent Environmental Behaviours? The Licensing Effect of Pro-Environmental Behaviours

Geng

Cheng

Tang

et al. 2016

Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology

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M ethods for promoting individuals' pro-environmental behaviours are becoming very important. Besides traditional factors relevant to pro-environmental actions, few studies have examined the licensing effect within this domain. Across three studies we have explored whether the licensing effect really exists in pro-environmental behaviours, how this effect actually works, and how to inhibit or even avoid this effect. Results have revealed that previous pro-environmental behaviours lead to a decrease in subsequent pro-environmental behaviours, indicating a licensing effect. Also, the licensing effect in pro-environmental behaviours can be explained by having individuals focus on goal progress and reduced by focusing on goal commitment. Furthermore, attributional recall could be an intervention for mitigating the licensing effect.

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The dynamics of self-regulation

Cited by 154 publications

References 70 publications

The Small-Area Hypothesis: Effects of Progress Monitoring on Goal Adherence

The Small-Area Hypothesis: Effects of Progress Monitoring on Goal Adherence

Pursuing goals with others: Group identification and motivation resulting from things done versus things left undone.

Can Previous Pro-Environmental Behaviours Influence Subsequent Environmental Behaviours? The Licensing Effect of Pro-Environmental Behaviours

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