The dynamics of predation on Gammarus spp. (Crustacea: Amphipoda)

MacNeil, Calum; Dick, Jaimie T. A.; Elwood, Robert W.

doi:10.1017/s0006323199005368

Cited by 157 publications

(89 citation statements)

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“…Novel risk assessment tools should not only account for negative effects of invaders on biodiversity, but must also weigh their effects on ecosystem functioning. In addition to negative impacts attention should also be paid to the potential positive effects of invaders, such as the application of filter-feeders to fight eutrophication of lakes or their significance as staple food for endangered fish species or waterfowl (MacNeil et al 1999;Nienhuis 2008). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The river Rhine: a global highway for dispersal of aquatic invasive species

et al. 2009

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The river Rhine is heavily influenced by human activities and suffers from a series of environmental constraints which hamper a complete recovery of biodiversity. These constraints comprise intensive navigation and habitat modification by hydraulic engineering. Improving water quality while these constraints remain in place has led to increased colonization by aquatic invasive species. This tendency has been accelerated by the construction of canals connecting river basins. Over the last two centuries, the total surface area of river catchments connected to the river Rhine via inland waterways has been increased by a factor 21.6. Six principal invasion corridors for aquatic species to the river Rhine are discerned. The extensive network of inland waterways has allowed macroinvertebrate species from different bio-geographical regions to mix, changing communities, affecting the food webs and forming new constraints on the recovery of the native biodiversity. From the eighteenth century onward, in the freshwater sections of the river Rhine, a total of 45 non-indigenous macroinvertebrate species have been recorded. The average number of invasions per decade shows a sharp increase from\1 to 13 species. Currently, the contribution of non-indigenous species to the total species richness of macroinvertebrates in the river Rhine is 11.3%. The Delta Rhine and Upper Rhine exhibit higher numbers of non-indigenous species than other river sections, because the sea ports in the Delta Rhine and the Main-Danube canal function as invasion gateways. Important donor areas are the Ponto-Caspian area and North America (44.4 and 26.7% of the non-indigenous macroinvertebrate species, respectively). Transport via shipping and 123Biol Invasions ( ) 11:1989( -2008( DOI 10.1007 dispersal via man made waterways are the most important dispersal vectors. Intentional and unintentional introductions are highest for the period 1950-1992. The cumulative number of non-indigenous species in time is significantly correlated with the increase in total surface area of other river catchments connected to the river Rhine by means of networks of canals. The species richness of non-indigenous macroinvertebrates is strongly dominated by crustaceans and molluscs. Invasive species often tolerate higher salt content, temperature, organic pollution and current flow than native species. Spatiotemporal analyses of distribution patterns reveal that average and maximum dispersal rates of six invasive species vary between 44-112 and 137-461 km year -1 , respectively. Species arriving in upstream sections first show a shorter time lag between colonisation of the Delta and Upper Rhine than species initially arriving in downstream areas. Temporal analyses of macroinvertebrate assemblages in the littoral zones indicate that native species are displaced by nonindigenous species. However, established non-indigenous species are also displaced by more recent mass invaders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The river Rhine: a global highway for dispersal of aquatic invasive species

et al. 2009

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“…(MacNeil et al 1999;and references therein). Overall, the stickleback fish and dragonfly nymphs in this study did not differ in the amount of prey consumed, and both consumed more prey in light trials than in dark trials.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many freshwater ecosystems, amphipods constitute the largest percentage of macroinvertebrate species richness (MacNeil et al 1997) and also comprise a substantial component of the diet of economically and ecologically important predators such as salmon and trout (MacNeil et al 1999). Although the impacts of vertebrate predators on amphipods are most often emphasized, the impacts of invertebrate species, sometimes including predation within feeding guilds or even within the same species, are also very important (MacNeil et al 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the impacts of vertebrate predators on amphipods are most often emphasized, the impacts of invertebrate species, sometimes including predation within feeding guilds or even within the same species, are also very important (MacNeil et al 1999). Both vertebrate and invertebrate predators have a propensity to specialize on a particular category of amphipod prey, preferring, for example, larger or smaller individuals (e.g., Conlan 1994, Hijlker and Hammer 1994, Wach and Chambers 2007, more mobile individuals (Mathis andHoback 1997, Boates andSmith 1989), parasitized individuals (e.g., Baldauf et al 2007, Bakker et al 1997, or amplexing pairs (e.g., Strong 1973, Ward 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Differences in predation risk based on sex or other reproductive parameters can impact the ecology of populations and communities, such as the stability of predator-prey dynamics (Newman and Waters 1984, Boukal et al 2008) and the species composition of prey communities (Crowder and Cooper 1982). Such differences can also impact the evolution of competitive ability (Wellborn 2002), as well as behavior (e.g., mate selection, timing of courtship displays), morphology (e.g., breeding coloration, secondary sexual characteristics), and life history strategies (e.g., reproductive effort, age or size at reproductive maturity) within prey species, as reviewed by Magnhagen (1991).In many freshwater ecosystems, amphipods constitute the largest percentage of macroinvertebrate species richness (MacNeil et al 1997) and also comprise a substantial component of the diet of economically and ecologically important predators such as salmon and trout (MacNeil et al 1999). Although the impacts of vertebrate predators on amphipods are most often emphasized, the impacts of invertebrate species, sometimes including predation within feeding guilds or even within the same species, are also very important (MacNeil et al 1999).…”

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Ovigerous Female Amphipods (Gammarus pseudolimnaeus) Face Increased Risks from Vertebrate and Invertebrate Predators

Lewis¹,

Loch-Mally²

2010

Journal of Freshwater Ecology

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We investigated the mortality rates of male and female amphipods resulting from stickleback fish (Culaea inconstans) and dragonfly nymphs (Basiaeschna janata) predation. Both predators consumed significantly more ovigerous female amphipods than non-ovigerous females or males in 24-h trials. Stickleback fish consumed more nonovigerous females than males, whereas dragonflies consumed more males than nonovigerous females. These results were consistent across trials conducted under ambient light-dark regimes and those conducted in the absence of light, although overall mortality rates were highest in light trials. There were no significant differences in the recorded behaviors of the two predators. However, the behavior of ovigerous females differed significantly from that of males and non-ovigerous females, which may help to explain the overall differences in mortality. These results suggest that female amphipods incur a significant cost of increased predation risk associated with maternal care. INTRODUCTIONPredator-prey dynamics are complicated by a range of factors including habitat complexity (e.g., Crowder and Cooper 1982), inter-and intraspecific variation in predator foraging strategies (e.g., Lane 1979, Cothran 2004, and intraspecific variation in prey susceptibility (e.g., Thompson 1975). Differences in predation risk based on sex or other reproductive parameters can impact the ecology of populations and communities, such as the stability of predator-prey dynamics (Newman and Waters 1984, Boukal et al. 2008) and the species composition of prey communities (Crowder and Cooper 1982). Such differences can also impact the evolution of competitive ability (Wellborn 2002), as well as behavior (e.g., mate selection, timing of courtship displays), morphology (e.g., breeding coloration, secondary sexual characteristics), and life history strategies (e.g., reproductive effort, age or size at reproductive maturity) within prey species, as reviewed by Magnhagen (1991).In many freshwater ecosystems, amphipods constitute the largest percentage of macroinvertebrate species richness (MacNeil et al. 1997) and also comprise a substantial component of the diet of economically and ecologically important predators such as salmon and trout (MacNeil et al. 1999). Although the impacts of vertebrate predators on amphipods are most often emphasized, the impacts of invertebrate species, sometimes including predation within feeding guilds or even within the same species, are also very important (MacNeil et al. 1999). Both vertebrate and invertebrate predators have a propensity to specialize on a particular category of amphipod prey, preferring, for example, larger or smaller individuals (e.g., Conlan 1994, Hijlker and Hammer 1994, Wach and Chambers 2007, more mobile individuals (Mathis and Hoback 1997, Boates and Smith 1989), parasitized individuals (e.g., Baldauf et al. 2007, Bakker et al. 1997), or amplexing pairs (e.g., Strong 1973, Ward 1986. The preferences of vertebrate and invertebrate predators can be quite distinc...

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High parasite diversity in the amphipodGammarus lacustrisin a subarctic lake

Shaw

Henriksen

Knudsen

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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There is often more than meets the eye when examining food web ecology. Network concepts such as connectance (Lafferty et al., 2006) and robustness (Lafferty & Kuris, 2009) have been well described for several food webs, including webs that consider infectious agents. Here, we look at a key species in the consumer dynamics of the Norwegian subarctic lake Takvatn (hereafter "Takvatn"; "vatn" means "lake" in Norwegian), the amphipod Gammarus lacustris, and reveal that it plays a central role in parasite transmission to the main predators in the lake, including several birds and three abundant fish species.

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The dynamics of predation on Gammarus spp. (Crustacea: Amphipoda)

Cited by 157 publications

References 0 publications

The river Rhine: a global highway for dispersal of aquatic invasive species

The river Rhine: a global highway for dispersal of aquatic invasive species

Ovigerous Female Amphipods (Gammarus pseudolimnaeus) Face Increased Risks from Vertebrate and Invertebrate Predators

High parasite diversity in the amphipodGammarus lacustrisin a subarctic lake

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