The dynamics of ammonia release from animal wastewater as influenced by the release of dissolved carbon dioxide and gas bubbles

Characteristics of pollutant gas releases from swine, dairy, beef, and layer manure, and municipal wastewater

“…In the convective mass transfer release process, dissolved gases transfer from the liquid wastes to the air stream due to difference in partial pressures between the liquid surface and the free air stream (Ni, 1999). In the bubblerelease process, gas bubbles aggregate, ascend, and release to the free air stream after breaking at the liquid surface (Ni et al, 2009;Blanes-Vidal et al, 2010;Blanes-Vidal and Nadimi, 2011). Different release mechanisms are responsible for different gases.…”

The effect of biogas ebullition on ammonia emissions from animal manure–processing lagoons

“…In experiments by Blanes‐Vidal and Nadimi (2011), which were designed to test for increases in NH 3 emissions due to surface disturbances, pre‐storage animal wastewater was used without an attempt to replicate lagoon conditions. Although the total ebullition rate was not measured, measured CO 2 baseline emissions were used to estimate a rate of 0.16–0.2 m 3 m −2 d −1 , assuming 35–45% CO 2 .…”

“…Additionally, Blanes‐Vidal et al. (2011) reported increased accuracy in predicting emissions by accounting for ebullition when modeling NH 3 emissions after surface disturbances. Because mass transfer enhancement, due to bubbling, is dependent on the ebullition rate, ebullition rates of observed enhancement in simulated or laboratory studies must be equal to observed ebullition rates in working lagoons in order to predict the actual amount of enhancement in lagoons.…”