The dynamic time course of memory recovery in transient global amnesia

Guillery‐Girard, Bérengère

doi:10.1136/jnnp.2003.024968

Cited by 41 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This finding was initially taken as an impairment of MTL structures in TGA, thus anticipating later imaging findings. Some studies with TGA patients yielded no graded autobiographical memory loss in the sense of Ribot, possibly because of the variability of methods and testing, the temporal dynamics of the recovery from TGA, and hence the time point of testing (32). Notably, similar to our results, earlier studies in TGA also observed a temporal gradient with regard to semantic memory compatible with the possibility that hippocampal lesions also gradually affect semantic memory (30)(31)(32)(33)(34).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Some studies with TGA patients yielded no graded autobiographical memory loss in the sense of Ribot, possibly because of the variability of methods and testing, the temporal dynamics of the recovery from TGA, and hence the time point of testing (32). Notably, similar to our results, earlier studies in TGA also observed a temporal gradient with regard to semantic memory compatible with the possibility that hippocampal lesions also gradually affect semantic memory (30)(31)(32)(33)(34). Using PET, patients with Alzheimer's disease show a temporally graded autobiographical amnesia reflected in a gradual disengagement of the hippocampus in the recall of autobiographical memories for remote memories (29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CA1 neurons in the human hippocampus are critical for autobiographical memory, mental time travel, and autonoetic consciousness

Bartsch¹,

Döhring²,

Rohr

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

238

159

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Autobiographical memories in our lives are critically dependent on temporal lobe structures. However, the contribution of CA1 neurons in the human hippocampus to the retrieval of episodic autobiographical memory remains elusive. In patients with a rare acute transient global amnesia, highly focal lesions confined to the CA1 field of the hippocampus can be detected on MRI. We studied the effect of these lesions on autobiographical memory using a detailed autobiographical interview including the remember/know procedure. In 14 of 16 patients, focal lesions in the CA1 sector of the hippocampal cornu ammonis were detected. Autobiographical memory was significantly affected over all time periods, including memory for remote periods. Impairment of episodic memory and autonoetic consciousness exhibited a strong temporal gradient extending 30 to 40 y into the past. These results highlight the distinct and critical role of human hippocampal CA1 neurons in autobiographical memory retrieval and for re-experiencing detailed episodic memories.A utobiographical memory is one of the multifaceted forms of human memory that constitutes a major source for selfidentity, self-continuity, and self-awareness of an individual's life. Episodic autobiographical recollection includes conscious awareness for specific episodic situations embedded in time and space, and the ability of mental reliving of episodes of a person's history along the subjective and mental time axis (1). Considering the phenomenological experience of remembering, episodic recollection involving re-experiencing requires autonoetic consciousness in contrast to semantic knowledge of memory, which is associated with noetic consciousness (2).It is generally accepted that the hippocampus plays a critical role in episodic memory, including autobiographical memory, as neuroimaging data show hippocampal activation in autobiographical memory retrieval tasks, supporting that the hippocampus is an integral structure of the autobiographical network (3, 4). The involvement of the hippocampus culminates in the question of the temporal contribution of the hippocampal-neocortical interaction in the consolidation and recollection of remote episodic memory (5). One view, according to the standard model of consolidation, considers the hippocampus as a temporary relay structure that facilitates the transition of newly encoded hippocampus-dependant memory traces to its permanent storage and consolidation in neocortical structures, resulting in hippocampus-independent remote memories (6). This transitory role of the hippocampus is thought to be reflected in the temporal gradient of retrograde amnesia seen in patients with lesions to the medial temporal lobe (MTL). Evidence for this time-limited role of the hippocampus has come from lesion studies of amnestic patients and neuroimaging studies (7,8). In contrast, the multiple trace theory (MTT) postulates a permanent contribution of the hippocampus in retrieving and recollection in terms of a binding module for episodic memories (9). This v...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CA1 neurons in the human hippocampus are critical for autobiographical memory, mental time travel, and autonoetic consciousness

Bartsch¹,

Döhring²,

Rohr

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

238

159

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, in our study, PM followed the same dynamic course of recovery as anterograde memory, with better performances for both of them as the TGA receded (see Guillery-Girard et al, 2004, for similar results for anterograde and retrograde memory). This result reinforces the hypothesis of a common basis for memory for past events and actions in the future.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Can We Remember Future Actions yet Forget the Last Two Minutes? Study in Transient Global Amnesia

Hainselin

Quinette

Desgranges

et al. 2011

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Abstract■ Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a clinical syndrome characterized by the abrupt onset of a massive episodic memory deficit that spares other cognitive functions. If the anterograde dimension is known to be impaired in TGA, researchers have yet to investigate prospective memory (PM)-which involves remembering to perform an intended action at some point in the future-in this syndrome. Furthermore, as executive functions are thought to be spared in this syndrome, TGA provides an opportunity to examine the impact of a massive "pure" memory impairment on PM. We assessed 38 patients with a newly designed protocol that distinguished between the prospective (remembering to do something at the appropriate time) and retrospective (remembering what has to be done) components of PM. Moreover, we investigated episodic memory with an anterograde memory task and assessed executive functions, anxiety and mood, as well as their links with PM. We demonstrated that PM is impaired during TGA, with a greater deficit for the retrospective component than for the prospective component. Furthermore, we highlighted a strong link between these two components. Anterograde episodic memory impairments were correlated with retrospective component deficits in TGA patients, although we were able to confirm that executive functions are globally spared. We discuss this pattern of results within the theoretical framework of PM, putting forward new arguments in favor of the idea that PM deficits can occur mainly because of a massive anterograde memory deficit. The clinical consequences of PM impairment in TGA are examined. ■

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“…Although the interval between TGA onset and neuropsychological assessment did not significantly differ between both patient groups, patients without DWI lesions were investigated somewhat earlier (24 vs. 30.5 months). This time difference could possibly contribute to the better encoding performance in the group with DWI lesions [11,17,18]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Outcome in Transient Global Amnesia Patients with and without Focal Hyperintensities in the CA1 Region of the Hippocampus

et al. 2012

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Focal hippocampal diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) lesion patterns are detected in transient global amnesia (TGA) patients in different frequency. It has been speculated that acute diffusion restrictions are associated with a worse outcome. Therefore, we evaluated the influence of acute DWI lesions on the cognitive long-term outcome in TGA patients. Seventeen otherwise healthy patients with the clinical syndrome of TGA, who had MRI investigations on admission as well as 1 day later, were investigated with a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery 2 years later. Acute hippocampal DWI lesions in TGA patients were detected in almost two thirds of the patients. Psychometric evaluation revealed no differences in cognitive performance between patients with and without DWI lesions as well as compared to healthy subjects. In addition, no relapse of the attack has been recognized in either group of TGA patients.

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The dynamic time course of memory recovery in transient global amnesia

Cited by 41 publications

References 45 publications

CA1 neurons in the human hippocampus are critical for autobiographical memory, mental time travel, and autonoetic consciousness

CA1 neurons in the human hippocampus are critical for autobiographical memory, mental time travel, and autonoetic consciousness

Can We Remember Future Actions yet Forget the Last Two Minutes? Study in Transient Global Amnesia

Long-Term Outcome in Transient Global Amnesia Patients with and without Focal Hyperintensities in the CA1 Region of the Hippocampus

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