The dwarf gene Rht15 improved lodging resistance but differentially affected agronomic and quality traits in durum wheat

Zhao, Zhangchen; Duan, Shan; Hao, Jiamin; Cui, Chunge; Yang, Yang; Condon, Anthony G.; Chen, Feng; Hu, Yin‐Gang; Chen, Liang

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108058

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Besides, the flowering date of the Dw6 dwarf lines was 3-7 days later than that of the tall lines (data not shown) as observed by a previous study (Kibite and Clayton, 2000), which might be another reason for the small kernels as the grain-filling stage was reduced (Duan et al, 2020;Zhao et al, 2021). The small grain associated with Dw6 might be improved by combining with the genes regulating grain-filling (Duan et al, 2020;Zhao et al, 2021). Moreover, the yield penalty caused by the small kernel size associated with dwarfing gene might be compensated for by increases of other yield components.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…This might not be unexpected because most dwarfing genes reduced the plant height via blocking the biosynthesis or utilization of phytohormones, predominantly gibberellins (Liu et al, 2018), which were also required for grain development. Besides, the flowering date of the Dw6 dwarf lines was 3-7 days later than that of the tall lines (data not shown) as observed by a previous study (Kibite and Clayton, 2000), which might be another reason for the small kernels as the grain-filling stage was reduced (Duan et al, 2020;Zhao et al, 2021). The small grain associated with Dw6 might be improved by combining with the genes regulating grain-filling (Duan et al, 2020;Zhao et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…All these results together suggested that the potential yield penalty associated with Dw6 should be partially caused by the reduction of kernel weight which is largely attributed to the decrease of kernel length. Indeed, most of the reported dwarfing genes in wheat like Rht1 (McClung et al, 1986), Rht13 (Rebetzke et al, 2011), Rht18 (Yang et al, 2015), Rht14 (Duan et al, 2020) and Rht15 (Zhao et al, 2021) have negative effects on grain weight and grain size, suggesting a common defect of dwarf genes. This might not be unexpected because most dwarfing genes reduced the plant height via blocking the biosynthesis or utilization of phytohormones, predominantly gibberellins (Liu et al, 2018), which were also required for grain development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Position Validation of the Dwarfing Gene Dw6 in Oat (Avena sativa L.) and Its Correlated Effects on Agronomic Traits

Yan

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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An F6:8 recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the cross between WAOAT2132 (Dw6) and Caracas along with the two parents were used to evaluate the genetic effects of Dw6 dwarfing gene on plant height and other agronomic traits in oat (Avena sativa L.) across three environments, and develop closely linked markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS) for Dw6. The two parents differed in all investigated agronomic traits except for the number of whorls. The RIL lines showed a bimodal distribution for plant height in all three tested environments, supporting the height of this population was controlled by a single gene. Dw6 significantly reduced plant height (37.66∼44.29%) and panicle length (13.99∼22.10%) but without compromising the coleoptile length which was often positively associated with the reduced stature caused by dwarfing genes. Dw6 has also strong negative effects on hundred kernel weight (14.00∼29.55%), and kernel length (4.21∼9.47%), whereas the effects of Dw6 on the kernel width were not uniform across three environments. By contrast, lines with Dw6 produced more productive tillers (10.11∼10.53%) than lines without Dw6. All these together suggested the potential yield penalty associated with Dw6 might be partially due to the decrease of kernel weight which is attributed largely to the reduction of kernel length. Eighty-one simple sequence repeat (SSR) primer pairs from chromosome 6D were tested, five of them were polymorphic in two parents and in two contrasting bulks, confirming the 6D location of Dw6. By using the five polymorphic markers, Dw6 was mapped to an interval of 1.0 cM flanked by markers SSR83 and SSR120. Caution should be applied in using this information since maker order conflicts were observed. The close linkages of these two markers to Dw6 were further validated in a range of oat lines. The newly developed markers will provide a solid basis for future efforts both in the identification of Dw6 in oat germplasm and in the determination of the nature of the gene through positional cloning.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Position Validation of the Dwarfing Gene Dw6 in Oat (Avena sativa L.) and Its Correlated Effects on Agronomic Traits

Yan

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Admittedly, dwarfing genes are major genes that modulate plant height in wheat and have been utilized in wheat breeding programs culminating to the Green revolution (Hedden, 2003). However, the reducing effect of Ppd-D1a insensitive allele is analogous to dwarfing genes Rht8 , Rht15 , Rht5 in wheat (Rebetzke et al, 2011; Tang et al, 2009; Wang et al, 2014; Zhao et al 2021). Hence, since the effect of Ppd-D1a insensitive allele on promoting early heading in wheat is aimed at compensating the late heading of these dwarfing genes, therefore a combined selection for insensitive alleles of PPD-D1 and these Rht genes was proposed (Chen et al, 2018; Zhang et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoperiod and vernalization alleles and their combinations greatly affected phenological and agronomic traits in bread wheat under autumn and spring sowing conditions

Amo

Serikbay

Song

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The responses to temperature (vernalization) and day length (photoperiod) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) are entirely defined by allelic differences at the respective VRN-1 and PPD-1 loci. These two physiological factor greatly affect wheat phenology. Using molecular markers, a panel of 61 diverse bread wheat varieties were genotyped for VRN-1 and PPD-1 alleles, and the traits were evaluated under autumn and spring sowing conditions to investigate the impact of the alleles and their combinations on phenological stage, morphological traits, and yield traits. The results revealed that the earlier heading (HD), and flowering (FD) conferred by insensitive alleles for VRN-1 and PPD-1 genes was consistent regardless of the variation under the two sowing conditions. The effects of a single dominant allele of VRN-1 were similar, with an additive effects when combined. The effects of a single PPD-1 insensitive allele differed, with Ppd-D1a stronger than Ppd-B1a, and Ppd-A1a was the least, with an additive effects when combined. Secondly, varieties sown under spring condition recorded a larger flag leaf area when compared to those sown under autumn condition regardless of the single and combined influence at the VRN-1 and PPD-1 loci. When compared to other genes, PPD-D1 had a consistent and significant effect on flag leaf area, spike length, and plant height across both sowing conditions. Furthermore, the sensitive allele Ppd-D1b had larger biomass across both sowing conditions, but this did not translate into increased yield because the Ppd-D1a insensitive allele recorded higher yield. The impact of PPD-D1 gene on grain yield was evident across both sowing conditions. Overall, according to the findings of this study, VRN-1 and PPD-1 genes impact in modulating phenology stages, morphological, spike and yield traits was dependent on the sowing conditions and also on genetic background with the spring and insensitive alleles poised to be favored for selection.

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“…Recent research revealed that Rht1 could reduce plant height by generating an N-terminal truncated DELLA protein, the key repressors of the GA signaling pathway and plant growth, through tissue-specific translational reinitiating, which has no effect on the dormancy of seeds [189]. In durum, two dwarfing genes, Rht14 and Rht15, have been introgressed into cultivar Langdon through crossing with dwarf lines [146,147]. However, the introgressed lines showed a decrease in yield component traits.…”

Section: Crop Yield Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement and Re-Evolution of Tetraploid Wheat for Global Environmental Challenge and Diversity Consumption Demand

Yang

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Allotetraploid durum wheat is the second most widely cultivated wheat, following hexaploid bread wheat, and is one of the major protein and calorie sources of the human diet. However, durum wheat is encountered with a severe grain yield bottleneck due to the erosion of genetic diversity stemming from long-term domestication and especially modern breeding programs. The improvement of yield and grain quality of durum wheat is crucial when confronted with the increasing global population, changing climate environments, and the non-ignorable increasing incidence of wheat-related disorders. This review summarized the domestication and evolution process and discussed the durum wheat re-evolution attempts performed by global researchers using diploid einkorn, tetraploid emmer wheat, hexaploid wheat (particularly the D-subgenome), etc. In addition, the re-evolution of durum wheat would be promoted by the genetic enrichment process, which could diversify allelic combinations through enhancing chromosome recombination (pentaploid hybridization or pairing of homologous chromosomes gene Ph mutant line induced homoeologous recombination) and environmental adaptability via alien introgressive genes (wide cross or distant hybridization followed by embryo rescue), and modifying target genes or traits by molecular approaches, such as CRISPR/Cas9 or RNA interference (RNAi). A brief discussion of the future perspectives for exploring germplasm for the modern improvement and re-evolution of durum wheat is included.

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The dwarf gene Rht15 improved lodging resistance but differentially affected agronomic and quality traits in durum wheat

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Position Validation of the Dwarfing Gene Dw6 in Oat (Avena sativa L.) and Its Correlated Effects on Agronomic Traits

Position Validation of the Dwarfing Gene Dw6 in Oat (Avena sativa L.) and Its Correlated Effects on Agronomic Traits

Photoperiod and vernalization alleles and their combinations greatly affected phenological and agronomic traits in bread wheat under autumn and spring sowing conditions

Improvement and Re-Evolution of Tetraploid Wheat for Global Environmental Challenge and Diversity Consumption Demand

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