The durability of iodide sodalite

Maddrell, Ewan R.; Gandy, Amy S.; Stennett, Martin C.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.03.016

Cited by 41 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…All the iodosodalite synthesized with different precursors show the same polycrystalline morphology. Maddrell et al 3 observed similar morphologies in their hydrothermally grown iodosodalite. The characteristic features of sodalite, cancrinite, and zeolite A are shown in Figure 7.…”

Section: Productsmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Since I À incorporates into sodalite, the nuclear waste community has considered sodalite as a vehicle for immobilizing radioactive iodine-129 in the b-cage. 3,[12][13][14] This is an attractive option because of the feasibility of synthesis at low temperatures (<200°C) to control iodine volatility and because the aluminosilicate framework of the sodalite is compatible with glass matrices used to encapsulate the sodalite crystallites. In addition, chlorosodalite, Na 8 Al 6-Si 6 O 24 Cl 2 , has been studied extensively and has been proposed as the baseline mineral for the spent electrochemical salt waste that would be produced when reprocessing used nuclear fuel via the pyrochemical method.…”

Section: Iodosodalitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since I − incorporates into sodalite, the nuclear waste community has considered sodalite as a vehicle for immobilizing radioactive iodine‐129 in the β‐cage . This is an attractive option because of the feasibility of synthesis at low temperatures (<200°C) to control iodine volatility and because the aluminosilicate framework of the sodalite is compatible with glass matrices used to encapsulate the sodalite crystallites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and characterization of iodosodalite

et al. 2017

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The effects of six process variables were investigated on the hydrothermal growth of iodosodalite, Na8Al6Si6O24I2: pH (NaOH concentration), aging time, temperature, Al/Si ratio, precursors used (i.e., zeolite 4A, kaolinite, meta‐kaolin, colloidal silica, and sodium aluminate), and precursor concentration. Powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD) with Rietveld refinements, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed to characterize the structures, phase fractions, chemical state, and surface morphology of the synthesized products. Iodosodalite yield increased as aging time and pH increased. The crystallization of iodosodalite was favored in the temperature range 140°C‐180°C. Decreasing the Al/Si ratio by half increased the crystallization of basic cancrinite. Lowering the precursor concentration by adding water revealed the crystallization of nepheline hydrate I and a decrease in the sodalite fraction. Among the tested precursors, zeolite 4A yielded the highest mass fraction of iodosodalite in the synthesized powders. From the aging time and temperature variation experiments, the phase transformation of zeolite A→sodalite→cancrinite was observed. XPS and FTIR results showed the presence of only iodide but not iodate in the synthesized product. The crystallization of various minerals suggests that mechanisms for transport of the ions and formation of the aluminosilicate frameworks vary with hydrothermal conditions.

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Section: Productsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Iodosodalitementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and characterization of iodosodalite

et al. 2017

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“…17,24 Iodine can also be incorporated as a compositional element into the host matrix structure through chemical bonding, such as iodoapatite Pb5(VO4)3I and sodalite Na4(AlSiO4)3I. 13,[25][26][27] The difficulty to study the durability of different waste forms varies on a case-by-case basis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of solution chemistry on the iodine release from iodoapatite in aqueous environments

Zhang¹,

Gustin²,

Xie³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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To ensure the safe disposal of nuclear waste, understanding the release process of radionuclides retained in the nuclear waste forms is of vital importance. Iodoapatite Pb9.85(VO4)6I1.7, a potential waste form for iodine-129, was selected as a model system for ceramic waste forms in this study to understand the effect of aqueous species on iodine release. Semi-dynamic leaching tests were conducted on bulk samples in cap-sealed Teflon vessels with 0.1 mol/L NaCl, Na2CO3, Na3PO4, and Na2SO4 solutions under 90 °C, fixed sample surface area to solution volume ratio of 5/m, and periodic replacement of leaching solutions. The reacted solutions were then analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry; the leached surfaces were characterized by X-ray diﬀraction, scanning electron microscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. The result shows that, compared to deionized water, the ion-rich solutions enhanced the iodine release as a result of the increased ionic strength, reduced activity coefficient of dissolved species, and increased solution pH. Surface reactions can lead to the formations of secondary phases by ion-exchange and precipitation. These findings suggest that an ion-rich environment in the geological repository can be detrimental to the disposal safety of the apatite waste form.

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“…Sodalite anion chemistry is flexible due to the relatively large cage structure, and compounds incorporating halides (e.g., bromide and iodide) and oxyanions (e.g., tungstate, molybdate, permanganate, chlorate, perchlorate, nitrate, etc.) have been synthesised [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. In particular, incorporation of perrhenate (ReO 4 − ) to the sodalite cage structure has been the focus of several studies due to its similarity to pertechnetate (TcO 4 − ) and applications in nuclear waste management [12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perrhenate sodalite growth from alkali silicate melts by noble metal catalysis

Anenburg

Losq

2019

SN Appl. Sci.

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Perrhenate sodalite (Na 8 Al 6 Si 6 Re 2 O 32) which contains the perrhenate anion (ReO 4 −) has been synthesised in equilibrium with Na-Fe-rich aluminosilicate melt and Re metal at 1100 °C and 500 MPa. Quenched glasses contain a homogeneous distribution of nepheline and magnetite, whereas sodalite only forms a crust on noble metal surfaces (Pt, Pt-Rh, Ag-Pd, and Re) in contact with the glass. The sodalite have been characterised by wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The experimental products contain both Re(0) and Re(VII), but other oxidation states of Re were not detected, suggesting the role of Na as a higher oxidation state stabiliser. Sodalite has potential uses for immobilising volatile Re and Tc during nuclear waste vitrification. Our study demonstrates the thermodynamic stability of perrhenate sodalite at Na-rich aluminosilicate melts at high temperature and pressure conditions.

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The durability of iodide sodalite

Cited by 41 publications

References 6 publications

Synthesis and characterization of iodosodalite

Synthesis and characterization of iodosodalite

Effect of solution chemistry on the iodine release from iodoapatite in aqueous environments

Perrhenate sodalite growth from alkali silicate melts by noble metal catalysis

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