The Dual Role of Artificial Intelligence in Developing Smart Cities

Abstract

Defining smart city pillars, and their nature and essence, continues to be debated in the scientific literature. The vast amount of information collected by electronic devices, often regarded merely as a means of rationalizing the use of resources and improving efficiency, could also be considered as a pillar. Information by itself cannot be deciphered or understood without analysis performed by algorithms based on Artificial Intelligence. Such analysis extracts new forms of knowledge in the shape of correlations and patterns used to support the decision-making processes associated with governance and, ultimately, to define new policies. Alongside information, energy plays a crucial role in smart cities as many activities that lead to growth in the economy and employment depend on this pillar. As a result, it is crucial to highlight the link between energy and the algorithms able to plan and forecast the energy consumption of smart cities. The result of this paper consists in the highlighting of how AI and information together can be legitimately considered foundational pillars of smart cities only when their real impact, or value, has been assessed. Furthermore, Artificial Intelligence can be deployed to support smart grids, electric vehicles, and smart buildings by providing techniques and methods to enhance their innovative value and measured efficiency.

AI explainability and governance in smart energy systems: A review

“…This parameter involves using AI and IoT technologies to enhance the governance of smart cities systems and applications for energy. It captures various dimensions of "Smart City Energy Systems," including the usage of edge AI and blockchain to manage vehicle surveillance and traffic congestion through trustworthy automobile communications and smart energy trading (Bracco et al, 2022), AI technologies in smart city governance to boost the innovative value and measurable efficiency of smart grids, electric cars, and smart buildings (Zamponi and Barbierato, 2022), and examine the most recent strategies for integrating AI and Analytics (AIA) into smart grid developments in order to enhance energy governance (Khosrojerdi et al, 2022). Additional dimensions include AI-based fairness methods for transportation localization utilizing sustainable standards (Kleisarchaki et al, 2022), smart city governance and planning using AI-based applications, such as smart transportation, smart education, and smart grid (Ashwini et al, 2022), applying DL to smart city environments and power forecasting (Naoui et al, 2021), IoT applications in smart cities such as smart transportation, smart energy, and smart governance (Ilyas, 2021), and deployment of smart energy meters for smart homes using AI-interpretable cloud analytics (Chen et al, 2019).…”

A comprehensive state‐of‐the‐art review on reliability assessment and charging methodologies of grid‐integrated electric vehicles

“…A wide range of new opportunities will be opened up by the use of AI‐based algorithms, which will give vehicles some intelligence and ultimately significantly enhance transportation [109]. We can find a number of AI‐based proposals for many EV topics, including energy‐efficient routing, better and more intelligent charging, and battery temperature management [124]. Considering using artificial neural networks (ANNs) in relation to battery temperature management to enhance the system and use less available energy.…”

“…We can find a number of AI‐based proposals for many EV topics, including energy‐efficient routing, better and more intelligent charging, and battery temperature management [124].…”

Transporte urbano-sustentável em cidades globais inteligentes: o caso de Milão

“…Assim, a smart city envolve três componentes principais: transporte, sistema de transporte inteligente (ITS) e mobilidade smart (Tomaszewska, 2021), estando a visão de smart city vinculada ao conceito de transporte urbano com tecnologia (Bielinska-Dusza, Hamerska, Zak, 2021). Entretanto, o conceito de smart city ainda não é universal, estando frequentemente associado aos dispositivos automatizados (Barbosa & Sánchez-Gendriz, 2021;Zamponi & Barbierato, 2022).…”

“…A preocupação na proposta do car sharing é a resolução de problemas urbanos de forma a tornar o transporte da cidade mais sustentável. Nesse sentido, usa-se a tecnologia para atender tal propósito, associando transporte, meio urbano e mobilidade, o que vai levar à ideia de smart city proposta por Bielinska-Dusza, Hamerska and Zak (2021) e Zamponi & Barbierato (2022).…”