The dual-field-of-view polarization lidar technique: A new concept in monitoring aerosol effects in liquid-water clouds – Case studies

Jiménez, Cristofer; Ansmann, Albert; Engelmann, Ronny; Donovan, David; Malinka, Aleksey; Seifert, Patric; Radenz, Martin; Yin, Zhenping; Wiesen, Robert; Bühl, Johannes; Schmidt, Jörg; Wandinger, Ulla; Barja, Boris

doi:10.5194/acp-2020-489

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(80 reference statements)

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“…Hence, the free tropospheric aerosol is predominantly of marine origin with low concentrations overall. First results of the DACAPO-PESO campaign regarding events of significant aerosol load (Ohneiser et al, 2020;Floutsi et al, 2021), liquid cloud microphysics (Jimenez et al, 2020), and integrated water vapor observations (Bromwich et al, 2020) are already published. Observations at Leipzig were performed before October 2016 and between the deployments to Limassol and Punta Arenas.…”

Section: Datasets From Leipzig Limassol and Punta Arenasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemispheric contrasts in ice formation in stratiform mixed-phase clouds: disentangling the role of aerosol and dynamics with ground-based remote sensing

et al. 2021

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Abstract. Multi-year ground-based remote-sensing datasets were acquired with the Leipzig Aerosol and Cloud Remote Observations System (LACROS) at three sites. A highly polluted central European site (Leipzig, Germany), a polluted and strongly dust-influenced eastern Mediterranean site (Limassol, Cyprus), and a clean marine site in the southern midlatitudes (Punta Arenas, Chile) are used to contrast ice formation in shallow stratiform liquid clouds. These unique, long-term datasets in key regions of aerosol–cloud interaction provide a deeper insight into cloud microphysics. The influence of temperature, aerosol load, boundary layer coupling, and gravity wave motion on ice formation is investigated. With respect to previous studies of regional contrasts in the properties of mixed-phase clouds, our study contributes the following new aspects: (1) sampling aerosol optical parameters as a function of temperature, the average backscatter coefficient at supercooled conditions is within a factor of 3 at all three sites. (2) Ice formation was found to be more frequent for cloud layers with cloud top temperatures above -15∘C than indicated by prior lidar-only studies at all sites. A virtual lidar detection threshold of ice water content (IWC) needs to be considered in order to bring radar–lidar-based studies in agreement with lidar-only studies. (3) At similar temperatures, cloud layers which are coupled to the aerosol-laden boundary layer show more intense ice formation than decoupled clouds. (4) Liquid layers formed by gravity waves were found to bias the phase occurrence statistics below -15∘C. By applying a novel gravity wave detection approach using vertical velocity observations within the liquid-dominated cloud top, wave clouds can be classified and excluded from the statistics. After considering boundary layer and gravity wave influences, Punta Arenas shows lower fractions of ice-containing clouds by 0.1 to 0.4 absolute difference at temperatures between −24 and -8∘C. These differences are potentially caused by the contrast in the ice-nucleating particle (INP) reservoir between the different sites.

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Section: Datasets From Leipzig Limassol and Punta Arenasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemispheric contrasts in ice formation in stratiform mixed-phase clouds: disentangling the role of aerosol and dynamics with ground-based remote sensing

et al. 2021

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“…(1) can be determined. The specific approach in the case of the Polly instrument is described by Engelmann et al (2016) and Jimenez et al (2020).…”

Section: The Particle Linear Depolarization Ratio Is Defined Asmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical properties of Central Asian aerosol relevant for spaceborne lidar applications and aerosol typing at 355 and 532 nm

Hofer¹,

Ansmann²,

Althausen³

et al. 2020

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Abstract. For the first time, a dense data set of particle extinction-to-backscatter ratios (lidar ratios), linear depolarization ratios, and backscatter- and extinction-related Ångström exponents for a Central Asian site are presented. The observations were performed with a continuously running multiwavelength polarization Raman lidar at Dushanbe, Tajikistan, during an 18-month campaign (March 2015 to August 2016). The presented seasonally resolved observations fill an important gap in the data base of aerosol optical properties used in aerosol typing efforts with spaceborne lidars and ground-based lidar networks. Lidar ratios and depolarization ratios are also basic input parameters in spaceborne lidar data analyses and in efforts to harmonize long-term observations with different space lidar systems operated either at 355 or 532 nm. As a general result, the found optical properties reflect the large range of occurring aerosol mixtures consisting of long-range-transported dust (from the Middle East and the Sahara), regional desert, soil, and salt dust, and anthropogenic pollution. The full range from highly polluted to pure dust situations could be observed. Typical dust depolarization ratios of 0.23–0.29 (355 nm) and 0.30–0.35 (532 nm) were observed. In contrast, comparably low lidar ratios were found. Dust lidar ratios at 532 nm accumulated around 35–40 sr and were even lower for regional background dust conditions (20–30 sr). The reason for these low values may be partly related to the direct emission and emission of re-suspended salt dust (initially originated from numerous desiccating lakes and the Aralkum desert). Detailed correlation studies (e.g., lidar ratio vs. depolarization ratios and Ångström exponent vs. lidar ratio and vs. depolarization ratio) are presented to illuminate the complex relationships between the observed optical properties and to identify the contributions of anthropogenic haze, dust, and background aerosol to the overall aerosol mixtures found within the 18-month campaign.

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“…10 Table 1. Overall cloud depth was 200 m. Vertical resolution or step width in the computations was 7.5 m which corresponds to the vertical resolution of the lidar observations introduced in part 2 (Jimenez et al, 2020). According to Fig.…”

Section: Model Quality Check: Comparison With Ecsim Monte-carlo Simulmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In part 2 (Jimenez et al, 2020), we describe how we implemented the novel dual-FOV polarization lidar technique in a…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7, finally summarizes the entire cloud and aerosol data analysis procedures and provides a final table with all data analysis steps. After the detailed description of the methodology in this part 1, a dual-FOV polarization lidar setup is described in part 2 (Jimenez et al, 2020). This lidar performed continuous aerosol and cloud observations at Punta Arenas (53 • S) in southern Chile at pristine marine conditions of the Southern Ocean within the framework of an 18-month field campaign.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The dual-field-of-view polarization lidar technique: A new concept in monitoring aerosol effects in liquid-water clouds – Theoretical framework

Jiménez¹,

Ansmann²,

Engelmann³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. In a series of two articles, a novel, robust, and practicable lidar approach is presented that allows us to derive microphysical properties of liquid-water clouds (cloud extinction coefficient, droplet effective radius, liquid-water content, cloud droplet number concentration) at a height of 50–100 m above cloud base. The temporal resolution of the observations is on the order of 30–120 sec. Together with the aerosol information (aerosol extinction coefficients, cloud condensation nucleus concentration) below the cloud layer, obtained with the same lidar, in-depth aerosol-cloud interaction studies can be performed. The theoretical background and the methodology of the new cloud lidar technique is outlined in this article (part 1), measurement applications are presented in an companion publication (part 2). The novel cloud retrieval technique is based on lidar observations of the volume linear depolarization ratio at two different receiver field-of-views (FOVs). Extensive simulations of lidar returns in the multiple scattering regime were conducted to investigate the capabilities of a dual-FOV polarization lidar to measure cloud properties and to quantify the information content in the measured depolarization features regarding the basic retrieval parameters (cloud extinction coefficient, droplet effective radius). Key simulation results and the developed overall data analysis scheme to obtain the aerosol and cloud products are presented.

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The dual-field-of-view polarization lidar technique: A new concept in monitoring aerosol effects in liquid-water clouds – Case studies

Cited by 8 publications

References 39 publications

Hemispheric contrasts in ice formation in stratiform mixed-phase clouds: disentangling the role of aerosol and dynamics with ground-based remote sensing

Hemispheric contrasts in ice formation in stratiform mixed-phase clouds: disentangling the role of aerosol and dynamics with ground-based remote sensing

Optical properties of Central Asian aerosol relevant for spaceborne lidar applications and aerosol typing at 355 and 532 nm

The dual-field-of-view polarization lidar technique: A new concept in monitoring aerosol effects in liquid-water clouds – Theoretical framework

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