The Dry Deposition of Gaseous and Particulate Nitrogen Compounds to a Spruce Stand

Peters, Klaus; Bruckner-Schatt, G.

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-0864-8_57

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…3. Th is value seems infl ated for HNO 3 , but Peters and Bruckner-Schatt (1995) and Hole et al (2007) also found deposition velocities of ~11 cm s −1 in their work over a forest ecosystem and tundra, respectively. Even higher V d values (>20 cm s −1 ) were measured by Dollard et al (1987) over an agricultural ecosystem.…”

Section: Nitric Acid Fluxmentioning

confidence: 87%

Measurement of Trace Gas Fluxes over an Unfertilized Agricultural Field Using the Flux‐gradient Technique

et al. 2011

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Trace gas fluxes exhibit extensive spatial and temporal variability that is dependent on a number of factors, including meteorology, ambient concentration, and emission source size. Previous studies have found that agricultural fertilization contributes to higher fluxes of certain gases. The magnitude of trace gas fluxes over unfertilized crops is still uncertain. In the present study, deposition of ammonia (NH), nitric acid (HNO), and sulfur dioxide (SO) was measured over unfertilized soybean using the flux-gradient technique. The eddy diffusivity was estimated from eddy covariance measurements of temperature fluxes, resulting in K of 0.64 ± 0.30 m s. Flux means and standard deviations were -0.14 ± 0.13, -0.22 ± 0.19, and -0.38 ± 0.54 μg m s for NH, HNO, and SO, respectively. Low concentrations of NH and HNO increased the relative uncertainties in the deposition velocities estimated from measured fluxes. This contributed to dissimilarities between deposition velocities estimated from the resistance analogy and deposition velocities estimated from fluxes. However, wet canopy conditions during the study may have led to an underestimation of deposition by the resistance analogy because the resistance method does not accurately describe the enhanced deposition rates that occur after dew formation. Quantification of vegetation characteristics, such as leaf wetness and apoplast chemistry, would be beneficial in future studies to more accurately determine stomatal resistance and its influence on fluxes.

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Section: Nitric Acid Fluxmentioning

confidence: 87%

Measurement of Trace Gas Fluxes over an Unfertilized Agricultural Field Using the Flux‐gradient Technique

et al. 2011

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“…However, the possibility that the observed linearity of this relation in a higher concentration range was due to a consecutive adaptation of the exposed twigs to higher NO 2 or NH 3 concentrations can not be ruled out. Nevertheless, in accordance with the present results linear dependencies between J NH3 and C NH3 have already been observed for Phaseolus vulgaris (Farquhar et al ., 1980; Van Hove et al ., 1987), Populus euamericana (Van Hove et al ., 1989), Picea abies (Kesselmeier et al ., 1993) and Hordeum vulgare (Husted et al ., 1996) under controlled environmental conditions and for Fagus sylvatica (Geßler et al ., 2000) and Picea abies (Peters & Bruckner‐Schatt, 1995; Andersen et al ., 1999) in the field. Due to the activity of chemolithoautotrophic nitrifiers, colonizing the needles of spruce at the field site ‘Höglwald’ the sink strength of the adult spruce trees for NH 3 is increased by 24–37% compared with needles without bacterial activity (Papen et al ., 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stomatal uptake and cuticular adsorption contribute to dry deposition of NH₃ and NO₂ to needles of adult spruce (Picea abies) trees

Geßler¹,

Rienks²,

Rennenberg³

2002

New Phytologist

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Summary• In the present study NH 3 and NO 2 exchange between the atmosphere and needles of adult spruce ( Picea abies ) trees at a field site ('Höglwald') exposed to high loads of atmospheric nitrogen was assessed.• Twigs were fumigated with different NH 3 (C NH 3 ) or NO 2 (C NO 2 ) concentrations using the dynamic chamber technique. Beside fluxes of NH 3 (J NH 3 ) and NO 2 (J NO 2 ), transpiration (J H 2 O ), leaf conductance for water vapour (g H 2 O ), photosynthetic activity (J CO 2 ), photosynthetic photon fluence rate (PPFR), air temperature (T) and relative air humidity (RH) were determined.• Both fluxes, J NH 3 and J NO 2 , depended linearly on C NH 3 and C NO 2 in concentration ranges representative for the field site and g H 2 O as a measure of stomatal aperture. For both trace gases compensation points could be determined amounting to 2.5 nmol mol − 1 for NH 3 and to 1.7 nmol mol − 1 for NO 2 .• The fluxes of NH 3 and NO 2 could not be explained exclusively by exchange through the stomata. In both NH 3 and NO 2 fumigation experiments additional deposition onto the needle surface was observed and increased with increasing C NH 3 and C NO 2 . 15 N [NH 3 ] fumigation experiments with adult spruce trees confirmed the results of gas exchange measurements and revealed that NH 3 -N deposited to spruce needles is subjected to long distance transport within the plant, supplying the plant with additional nitrogen from the atmosphere.

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“…For further details on NH 3 and HNO 3 monitoring see Bytnerowicz et al (2010, this issue The long-term (3-year) annual average dry deposition rate (kg ha -1 ) at each site was estimated using measured air concentrations (µg m -3 ) and literaturebased estimates of dry deposition velocities, as regionspecific deposition velocities are not available (particularly for NO 2 and NH 3 ). To account for the wide range in reported deposition velocities (Hanson & Lindberg 1990;Peters & Bruckner-Schatt 1995) a 'low' and 'high' deposition rate were estimated based on the range of published velocity values (Rihm 1994;Zhang et al 2004;Zhang et al 2009). In addition to dry deposition, wet deposition values were obtained from a regional-scale (35 km × 35 km) deposition map from Environment Canada (NAtChem database) (Vet & Shaw 2006;Zhang et al 2004) and used to estimate long-term average total (wet + dry) N (TN) deposition at each TEEM plot.…”

Section: Air Concentration Monitoring and Total Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An assessment of nitrogen saturation in Pinus banksiana plots in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region, Alberta

Laxton¹,

Watmough²,

Aherne³

et al. 2010

J Limnol

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The Dry Deposition of Gaseous and Particulate Nitrogen Compounds to a Spruce Stand

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Measurement of Trace Gas Fluxes over an Unfertilized Agricultural Field Using the Flux‐gradient Technique

Measurement of Trace Gas Fluxes over an Unfertilized Agricultural Field Using the Flux‐gradient Technique

Stomatal uptake and cuticular adsorption contribute to dry deposition of NH₃ and NO₂ to needles of adult spruce (Picea abies) trees

An assessment of nitrogen saturation in Pinus banksiana plots in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region, Alberta

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The Dry Deposition of Gaseous and Particulate Nitrogen Compounds to a Spruce Stand

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Measurement of Trace Gas Fluxes over an Unfertilized Agricultural Field Using the Flux‐gradient Technique

Measurement of Trace Gas Fluxes over an Unfertilized Agricultural Field Using the Flux‐gradient Technique

Stomatal uptake and cuticular adsorption contribute to dry deposition of NH3 and NO2 to needles of adult spruce (Picea abies) trees

An assessment of nitrogen saturation in Pinus banksiana plots in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region, Alberta

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Stomatal uptake and cuticular adsorption contribute to dry deposition of NH₃ and NO₂ to needles of adult spruce (Picea abies) trees