The drug effects questionnaire: psychometric support across three drug types

Morean, Meghan E.; Wit, Harriet de; King, Andrea C.; Sofuoglu, Mehmet; Rueger, Sandra Yu; O’Malley, Stephanie S.

doi:10.1007/s00213-012-2954-z

Cited by 184 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Additive genetic models were also used as indicated in the Results section, with copies of the minor allele coded as 0, 1, and 2 for GG, AG, and AA genotype groups, respectively. Based on prior work indicating that the responses to nine DEQ items were correlated, we clustered nine responses into three domains representing aversive, pleasurable, and stimulatory effects (Morean et al, 2013). The average response for 'feel anxious', 'feel down', and 'feel bad' formed the aversive domain; the average response for 'like', 'feel good', and 'want more' formed the pleasurable domain; and the average response for 'feel stimulated', 'feel effects', and 'feel high' formed the stimulatory domain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A CHRNA5 Smoking Risk Variant Decreases the Aversive Effects of Nicotine in Humans

Jensen

DeVito

Herman

et al. 2015

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Genome-wide association studies have implicated the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 gene cluster in risk for heavy smoking and several smoking-related disorders. The heavy smoking risk allele might reduce the aversive effects of nicotine, but this hypothesis has not been tested in humans. We evaluated the effects of a candidate causal variant in CHRNA5, rs16969968, on the acute response to nicotine in European American (EA) and African American (AA) smokers (n=192; 50% AA; 73% male). Following overnight abstinence from nicotine, participants completed a protocol that included an intravenous (IV) dose of saline and two escalating IV doses of nicotine. The outcomes evaluated were the aversive, pleasurable, and stimulatory ratings of nicotine's effects, cardiovascular reactivity to nicotine, withdrawal severity, and cognitive performance before and after the nicotine administration session. The heavy smoking risk allele (rs16969968*A; frequency=28% (EA) and 6% (AA)) was associated with lower ratings of aversive effects (P<5 × 10(-8)) with marked specificity. This effect was evident in EA and AA subjects analyzed as separate groups and was most robust at the highest nicotine dose. Rs16969968*A was also associated with greater improvement on a measure of cognitive control (Stroop Task) following nicotine administration. These findings support differential aversive response to nicotine as one likely mechanism for the association of CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 with heavy smoking.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A CHRNA5 Smoking Risk Variant Decreases the Aversive Effects of Nicotine in Humans

Jensen

DeVito

Herman

et al. 2015

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…Measures of subjective responses to MA (ie, the drug effects questionnaire; DEQ), MA craving (ie, MAUQ), and cardiovascular function (ie, heart rate and blood pressure) were collected prior to MA administration (ie, baseline) and then again at 5,10,15,20,30,60,90, and 120 min following the second 15-mg MA administration. The DEQ is an 11-item questionnaire that captures subjective effects (Morean et al, 2013) comprised of questions such as, 'How much do you feel any drug effects? ', 'How bad are the drug effects you are feeling right now?'…”

Section: Ma Administration Procedures and Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Naltrexone on Subjective Response to Methamphetamine in a Clinical Sample: a Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Laboratory Study

Ray

Bujarski

Courtney

et al. 2015

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Methamphetamine (MA) use disorder is a serious psychiatric condition for which there are no FDA-approved medications. Naltrexone (NTX) is an opioid receptor antagonist with demonstrated efficacy, albeit moderate, for the treatment of alcoholism and opioid dependence. Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that NTX may be useful for the treatment of MA use disorder. To inform treatment development, we conducted a double-blind, randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled human laboratory study of NTX. Non-treatmentseeking individuals meeting DSM-IV criteria for MA abuse or dependence (n = 30) completed two separate 5-day inpatient stays. During each admission, participants completed testing sessions comprised of MA cue-reactivity and intravenous MA administration (30 mg) after receiving oral NTX (50 mg) or placebo for 4 days. This study tested the hypotheses that NTX would (a) attenuate cue-induced MA craving, and (b) reduce subjective responses to MA administration. Results largely supported the study hypotheses such that (a) NTX significantly blunted cue-induced craving for MA and (b) attenuated several of the hedonic subjective effects of MA, including craving, during controlled MA administration and as compared with placebo. NTX decreased overall subjective ratings of 'crave drug,' 'stimulated,' and 'would like drug access,' decreased the the post-MA administration timecourse of 'anxious' and increased ratings of 'bad drug effects,' as compared with placebo. These findings support a potential mechanism of action by showing that NTX reduced cue-induced craving and subjective responses to MA. This is consistent with positive treatment studies of NTX for amphetamine dependence, as well as ongoing clinical trials for MA.

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“…PET studies using 11 C-raclopride have, more specifically, implicated ventral striatum (VS) dAMPH-induced DA release with self-reported dAMPH-induced euphoria (Drevets et al, 2001) or drug wanting (Leyton et al, 2002). Furthermore, an analysis using an earlier sample of the participants included in this study found a positive relationship between DA release in striatum measured with 18 F-fallypride PET and "Want More" drug ratings on the Drug Effects Questionnaire, DEQ (de Wit et al, 1986;Morean et al, 2013), after oral dAMPH (Buckholtz et al, 2010). Whether differences in dopaminergic functioning in other nodes of the mesocorticolimbic DA system impact subjective responses to dAMPH is currently unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…The Drug Effects Questionnaire (DEQ) has good psychometric properties (Morean et al, 2013) and is sensitive to the effect of dAMPH (Brauer et al, 1996;de Wit et al, 1986). DEQ values were recorded as proportions of the 100 mm scale (values range from 0 to 1).…”

Section: Drug Effects Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in paralimbic dopamine signaling correlates with subjective responses to D-amphetamine

Smith¹

2016

Intrinsic Act

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Subjective responses to psychostimulants vary, the basis of which is poorly understood, especially in relation to possible cortical contributions. Here, we tested for relationships between participants' positive subjective responses to oral d-amphetamine (dAMPH) versus placebo and variability in striatal and extrastriatal dopamine (DA) receptor availability and release, measured via positron emission tomography (PET) with the radiotracer 18 F-fallypride. Analyses focused on 35 healthy adult participants showing positive subjective effects to dAMPH measured via the Drug Effects Questionnaire (DEQ) Feel, Like, High, and Want More subscales (Responders), and were repeated after inclusion of 11 subjects who lacked subjective responses. Associations between peak DEQ subscale ratings and both baseline 18 F-fallypride binding potential (BPnd; an index of D2/D3 receptor availability) and the percentage change in BPnd post dAMPH (%ΔBPnd; a measure of DA release) were assessed. Baseline BPnd in ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) predicted the peak level of High reported following dAMPH. Furthermore, %ΔBPnd in vmPFC positively correlated with DEQ Want More ratings. DEQ Want More was also positively correlated with %ΔBPnd in right ventral striatum and left insula. This work indicates that characteristics of DA functioning in vmPFC, a cortical area implicated in subjective valuation, are associated with both subjective high and incentive (wanting) responses. The observation that insula %ΔBPnd was associated with drug wanting converges with evidence suggesting its role in drug craving. These findings highlight the importance of variability in DA signaling in specific paralimbic cortical regions in dAMPH's subjective response, which may confer risk for abusing psychostimulants.

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The drug effects questionnaire: psychometric support across three drug types

Cited by 184 publications

References 33 publications

A CHRNA5 Smoking Risk Variant Decreases the Aversive Effects of Nicotine in Humans

A CHRNA5 Smoking Risk Variant Decreases the Aversive Effects of Nicotine in Humans

The Effects of Naltrexone on Subjective Response to Methamphetamine in a Clinical Sample: a Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Laboratory Study

Variability in paralimbic dopamine signaling correlates with subjective responses to D-amphetamine

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