The Drosophila plutonium and pan gu genes regulate entry into S phase at fertilization

Shamanski, Fay L.; Orr‐Weaver, Terry L.

doi:10.1016/0092-8674(91)90050-9

Cited by 96 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Mothers mutant for three of five png alleles produce embryos like those from plu or gnu mutant mothers ( Figure 2F). However, mothers mutant for the This phenotype is identical to that of plu and gnu mutants (Freeman et al, 1986;Freeman and Glover, 1987;Shamanski and Orr-Weaver, 1991). other two alleles lay fertilized eggs in which S-phase is transiently linked to mitosis to produce up to 16 nuclei ( Figure 2D). In these embryos, the polar bodies begin to overreplicate while the zygotic nuclei still appear to be undergoing normal S-M cycles.…”

Section: Restricted Expression Of Plu Proteinmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Females homozygous for these mutations produce unfertilized eggs which inappropriately replicate the four meiotic products. Fertilized embryos from gnu mutant mothers appear to be identical to those from plu mutants in that DNA replication occurs but there is no nuclear division (Freeman et al, 1986;Freeman and Glover, 1987;Shamanski and Orr-Weaver, 1991). In contrast, the phenotype of fertilized png embryos reveals that there are two classes of png mutant alleles.…”

Section: Restricted Expression Of Plu Proteinmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The wild-type strain used, unless indicated otherwise, was Oregon R. The plu mutant strain used as a negative control for Western blots was plu3 (Shamanski and Orr-Weaver, 1991 , and png mutations were utilized (Shamanski and Orr-Weaver, 1991), but for simplicity only the last four digits of the allele designations are used in this article. Other mutants examined were gnu, cortQW55, grauQE7 , and dhd'8 (Freeman et al, 1986;Freeman and Glover, 1987;Salz et al, 1994;Page and Orr-Weaver, 1996).…”

Section: Materials and Methods Drosophila Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Embryos were collected, dechorionated, fixed, and prepared for microscopy as described by Shamanski and Orr-Weaver (1991).…”

Section: Staining Of Embryosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maternal-effect genes plutonium (plu),1 pan gu (png), and giant nuclei (gnu) act to control S-phase in the unfertilized egg and during the early divisions (Freeman et al, 1986;Freeman and Glover, 1987;Shamanski and Orr-Weaver, 1991). Mothers mutant for any one of these genes produce unfertilized eggs that properly complete meiosis; however, DNA replication inappropriately occurs in all four meiotic products in these mutant eggs, leading to giant polyploid nuclei.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drosophila PLUTONIUM protein is a specialized cell cycle regulator required at the onset of embryogenesis.

Elfring

Axton

Fenger

et al. 1997

MBoC

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Unfertilized eggs and fertilized embryos from Drosophila mothers mutant for the plutonium (plu) gene contain giant polyploid nuclei resulting from unregulated S-phase. The PLU protein, a 19-kDa ankyrin repeat protein, is present in oocytes and early embryos but is not detectable after the completion of the initial rapid S-M cycles of the embryo. The persistence of the protein during the early embryonic divisions is consistent with a direct role in linking S-phase and M-phase. When ectopically expressed in the eye disc, PLU did not perturb the cell cycle, suggesting that PLU regulates S-phase only in early embryonic development. The pan gu (png) and giant nuclei (gnu) genes also affect the S-phase in the unfertilized egg and early embryo. We show that functional png is needed for the presence of PLU protein. By analyzing png mutations of differing severity, we find that the extent of the png mutant phenotype inversely reflects the level of PLU protein.Our data suggest that PLU protein is required at the time of egg activation and the completion of meiosis.

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Section: Restricted Expression Of Plu Proteinmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Restricted Expression Of Plu Proteinmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Materials and Methods Drosophila Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Embryos were collected, dechorionated, fixed, and prepared for microscopy as described by Shamanski and Orr-Weaver (1991).…”

Section: Staining Of Embryosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Drosophila PLUTONIUM protein is a specialized cell cycle regulator required at the onset of embryogenesis.

Elfring

Axton

Fenger

et al. 1997

MBoC

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Toucan protein is essential for the assembly of syncytial mitotic spindles in Drosophila melanogaster

Debec

Grammont

Berson

et al. 2001

Genesis

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The toc gene of Drosophila melanogaster encodes a 235-kD polypeptide with a coiled-coil domain, which is highly expressed during oogenesis (Grammont et al., 1997, 2000). We now report the localization of the Toucan protein during early embryonic development. The Toucan protein is present only during the syncytial stages and is associated with the nuclear envelope and the cytoskeletal structures of the syncytial embryo. In anaphase A, Toucan is concentrated at the spindle poles near the minus end of microtubules. This microtubule association is very dynamic during the nuclear cell cycle. Mutant embryos lacking the Toucan protein are blocked in a metaphase-like state. They display abnormal and nonfunctional spindles, characterized by broad poles, detachment of the centrosomes, and failure of migration of the chromosomes. These results strongly suggest that Toucan represents a factor essential for the assembly and the function of the syncytial mitotic spindles.

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Destruction of the CDC28/CLB mitotic kinase is not required for the metaphase to anaphase transition in budding yeast.

et al. 1993

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It is widely assumed that degradation of mitotic cyclins causes a decrease in mitotic cdc2/CDC28 kinase activity and thereby triggers the metaphase to anaphase transition. Two observations made on the budding yeast Saccharomcyces cerevisiae are inconsistent with this scenario: (i) anaphase occurs in the presence of high levels of kinase in cdc15 mutants and (ii) overproduction of a B-type mitotic cyclin causes arrest not in metaphase as previously reported but in telophase. Kinase destruction is therefore implicated in the exit from mitosis rather than the entry into anaphase. The behaviour of espi mutants shows in addition that kinase destruction can occur in the absence of anaphase completion. The execution of anaphase and the destruction of CDC28 kinase activity therefore appear to take place independently of one another.

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The Drosophila plutonium and pan gu genes regulate entry into S phase at fertilization

Cited by 96 publications

References 39 publications

Drosophila PLUTONIUM protein is a specialized cell cycle regulator required at the onset of embryogenesis.

Drosophila PLUTONIUM protein is a specialized cell cycle regulator required at the onset of embryogenesis.

Toucan protein is essential for the assembly of syncytial mitotic spindles in Drosophila melanogaster

Destruction of the CDC28/CLB mitotic kinase is not required for the metaphase to anaphase transition in budding yeast.

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