The driving forces behind the change in energy consumption in developing countries

Li, Shuping; Meng, Jing; Zheng, Heran; Zhang, Ning; Huo, Jingwen; Li, Yuan; Guan, Dabo

doi:10.1088/1748-9326/abde05

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The rate of emissions from energy consumption by agricultural operations has increased more rapidly in developing countries than that of developed countries. This is due to the greater reliance on fossils fuels, notably coal, oil, and natural gas in developing countries and the increased shift towards low-emissions and renewable energy sources (e.g., hydro, solar, wind, and bioenergy) in developed countries [ 66 , 67 ]. Several studies have found that the adoption of low-emissions energy technologies, renewable energy, and energy-efficient management practices in agriculture has the potential to reduce GHG emissions caused by energy consumption in developing countries [ 68 , 69 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of land use practices to GHGs in the Canadian Prairies crop sector

2021

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The global crop sector is estimated to contribute about 10.4% of global GHGs annually. The Canadian crop sector is assessed as adding about 6.5% to total national emissions. These estimates over report the impact of farming as they ignore the complex interaction of cropping with the environment and the role land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) play in sequestering carbon. This study quantifies the contribution of land use to GHG emissions and removals in the Canadian Prairies crop sector between 1985 and 2016. The modeling effort explores how different farming practices (i.e., conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT), zero tillage (ZT), summerfallow, crop rotations, and residue retention) and input usage rates (i.e., fertilizer and fuel) affect GHG emissions in different soil climate zones and provinces in the Prairies region. The adoption of sustainable practices led to an 80% decline in GHG emissions in the crop sector between 1985 and 2016. Since 2005, the baseline for Canada’s Paris commitment, sectoral emissions dropped 53%, more than is required to meet the 2030 target. Most promising, the crop sector was a net GHG sink between 2013 and 2016 in Alberta and between 2006 and 2016 in Saskatchewan. As positive as these developments have been, more can be done by directing research to identify options for reducing GHGs in Manitoba (which made only minimal improvements as farmers there faced conditions requiring continuous use of conventional tillage practices), to explore better nitrogen management (a major continuing source of GHG from cropping) and by searching for low carbon transport options.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of land use practices to GHGs in the Canadian Prairies crop sector

2021

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“…In SSA, each year over half a million premature deaths are linked to indoor air pollution caused by cooking with fossil fuels and woodfuel (IEA 2017). Other deaths, though not officially accounted for, may be attributed to under-nutrition resulting from women and children walking long distances to collect firewood (Li et al 2021).…”

Section: Sustainable Utilization In Cooking Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Woodfuel is preferred for its affordability, accessibility, and compatibility with cooking culture, including availability in the form and amounts required. Inefficient production and use results in diverse negative environmental and health impacts, including degradation of woodlands and severe and chronic respiratory problems (Li et al 2021). These negative impacts have resulted in efforts to shift from woodfuel to other forms of cooking energy with a noble aim of addressing the adverse implications associated with its use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable woodfuel systems: a theory of change for sub-Saharan Africa

Njenga¹,

Sears²,

Mendum³

2023

Environ. Res. Commun.

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Charcoal and firewood, together comprising woodfuel, are key in the cooking energy mix in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Charcoal is made by burning wood under controlled oxygen to arrive at a product high in carbon. Firewood is wood burned directly to provide energy. Wood energy, which is gaining in popularity as a sustainable fuel in developed countries, is characterized as a driver of land degradation on the African continent. Instead of wishing for the demise of woodfuel due to its associated negative health and environmental impacts, a systems thinking approach argues that improving technologies and efficiency in wood production, charcoal and firewood processing, transport and trade, and utilization in a circular bioenergy economy meets a range of needs while conserving the environment. This article outlines a sustainable woodfuel theory of change (ToC) that describes how woodfuel can be made sustainable rather than being dismissed as a transitional fuel on its way out. The ToC is based on the knowledge that no energy system is without flaws and that technologies exist for real quantifiable improvements in woodfuel systems while filling the energy-poverty gap. A bold rational decision must be made in rethinking woodfuel in SSA, as failure to advance woodfuel technologies undermines global efforts directed towards land restoration and climate change mitigation. We recommend that an improved and sustainable woodfuel system should be considered as an acceptable modern energy source under SDG 7.

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“…The widespread use of electricity has led to more primary fuels (especially coals) being burned in the energy sector. The occurrence of environmental disasters and concerns on human health , promotes switching from dirty solid fuels to clean modern energies such as natural gas and biogas in many developing countries. , Usually, the combustion of fossil fuels such as coals and petroleum oils is believed to be the main source of ambient CO 2 causing global warming. International Energy Agency (IEA) estimated that energy-related CO 2 emission was 36.3 Gt in 2021, with nearly 92.3% (33.5 Gt) from fossil fuel combustion …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergent Energy-Climate Nexus in the Global Fuel Combustion Processes

Jiang

Men

Xing

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Fuel combustion provides basic energy for the society but also produces CO 2 and incomplete combustion products that threaten human survival, climate change, and global sustainability. A variety of fuels burned in different facilities expectedly have distinct impacts on climate, which remains to be quantitatively assessed. This study uses updated emission inventories and an earth system model to evaluate absolute and relative contributions in combustion emission-associated climate forcing by fuels, sectors, and regions. We showed that, from 1970 to 2014, coal burned in the energy sector and oil used in the transportation sector contributed comparable energies consumed (24 and 20% of the total) but had distinct climate forcing (1 and 40%, respectively). Globally, coal burned for energy production had negative impacts on climate forcing but positive effects in the residential sector. In many developing countries, coal combustion in the energy sector had negative radiative forcing (RF) per unit energy consumed due to insufficient controls on sulfur and scattering aerosol levels, but oils in the transportation sector had high positive RF values. These results had important implications on the energy transition and emission reduction actions in response to climate change. Distinct climate efficiencies of energies and the spatial heterogeneity implied differentiated energy utilization strategies and pollution control policies by region and sector.

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The driving forces behind the change in energy consumption in developing countries

Cited by 23 publications

References 53 publications

Contribution of land use practices to GHGs in the Canadian Prairies crop sector

Contribution of land use practices to GHGs in the Canadian Prairies crop sector

Sustainable woodfuel systems: a theory of change for sub-Saharan Africa

Divergent Energy-Climate Nexus in the Global Fuel Combustion Processes

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