The dried blood spot sampling method in the laboratory medicine

Abstract

The minimization is currently expanding in all fi elds of human life. The smaller size of analytical instruments and their higher sensitivity enables an analysis of small amounts of a biological material with a very low consumption of chemicals, what is economically and also environmentally benefi cial. A patient friendly and minimal invasive sample collection is therefore more than required. The dried blood spot (DBS) sampling standardly used in the newborn screening (NS) may be an option. The sample collection is simple, non-invasive, does not require trained medical personnel assistance and also storing and transportation of these samples is much easier in comparison with the whole blood samples. The DBS sampling method is used in the therapeutic drug monitoring or in the diagnosis of infectious diseases and its usage is still spreading. In some cases, it is still only a research object, but it shows a big potential for a future use. It could completely replace the whole venous blood collection in some cases, for example in the metabolic screening of diabetic patients or monitoring of treatment response, and it can overall simplify the sample collection and the transportation process (Tab. 1, Ref. 152).

Development, validation, and clinical application of an FIA‐MS/MS method for the quantification of lysophosphatidylcholines in dried blood spots

“…The median values of LPCs were 0.18, 0.14, 0.37, and 0.20 µM, respectively. 17 With respect to the median value of C26:0-LPC and C24:0-LPC, our results were in good agreement with those reported by Tian et al, while not consistent with the other two studies especially for C22:0-LPC and C20:0-LPC. This discrepancy might be due to difference of sample size, age, ethnicity, and region.…”

“…In general, extraction methods for the analysis of DBS samples consist of several steps: punching out a disk, adding extraction solvent (such as methanol, acetonitrile, or mixture) and derivatization (if necessary), then shaking, vortexing, or sonification. 17 Similar sample preparation strategy was also adopted in our method. Five extraction solvents including methanol, a mixture of methanol/water (85/15, v/v), a mixture of 0.02% formic acid in methanol/ water (85/15, v/v), and a mixture of 0.05% formic acid in methanol/water (85/15, v/v), were evaluated.…”

Cell Analysis from Dried Blood Spots: New Opportunities in Immunology, Hematology, and Infectious Diseases

“…It allows screening of various diseases, using a heel‐prick. [ 5 , 6 , 7 ] Beyond newborns, DBS have also been proposed in therapeutic drug monitoring, infectious disease diagnosis, metabolomics and proteomics. [ 8 , 9 , 10 ] DBS provides a number of advantages: Storage requires little space and does not need low temperatures, even for prolonged storage.…”

Postprandial metabolism of infant formulas containing different fat sources : digestion, absorption, and metabolic responses

“…The authors indicate that these results might be related to the presence of sphingolipids in the MFGM fraction. 86 In some studies, gangliosides reduced proinflammatory signaling in the intestine in an in vitro gut model, 124 whereas others have not observed this effect in preterm piglets. 125 Butyrate has been shown to have an important function in maintaining intestinal barrier function.…”

“…fatty acids, amino acids, and immunoglobulins. 124 It is of interest to study biofluids that can be sampled non-invasively even further for their use in nutritional intervention studies.…”