The dorsal vagal complex of the ferret: anatomical and immunohistochemical studies

Boissonade, Fiona M.; Davison, Joseph S.; Egizii, Rita; Lucier, Gregory E.; Sharkey, Keith A.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2982.1996.tb00265.x

Cited by 25 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…GAL-IR has been observed in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, one of the recipients of axonal projections from the NTS (Boissonade et al, 1996). Sweerts et al (2000) observed galanin binding sites in the human inferior vagal (nodose) ganglion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moderate to dense galanin immunoreactivity (GAL-IR) has been observed in the NTS (Boissonade et al, 1996), the primary brainstem relay for visceroceptive information from the gastrointestinal system. GAL-IR has been observed in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, one of the recipients of axonal projections from the NTS (Boissonade et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gastric Effects of Galanin and Its Interaction with Leptin on Brainstem Neuronal Activity

Yuan

Dey²,

Xie³

et al. 2002

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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Galanin is a 29-amino acid peptide that is widely distributed throughout the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, and gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts. Leptin is a hormone secreted from adipose tissue and the gut and other tissues. In this study, using an in vitro neonatal rat preparation, we investigated the gastric effects of galanin and its interaction with leptin on nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) neurons receiving gastric vagal inputs. We showed that peripheral gastric galanin (300 nM) produced a mean inhibition response of 53.2 Ϯ 2.1% compared with the control level of 100% (P Ͻ 0.01) in 27 of 58 neurons tested. A concentration-dependent effect of galanin on NTS neuronal activity was observed. The galanin receptor antagonist [galanin-(1-12)-Pro3-(Ala-Leu)2-Ala amide], or M40, significantly reversed the galanin-induced inhibition effect (P Ͻ 0.01). In contrast, we showed that the peripheral gastric effect of leptin (10 nM) produced a mean activation response of 167.4 Ϯ 8.2% compared with the control level. The NTS neurons that we recorded could respond to both galanin and leptin or respond to only one of them. Subsequently, we evaluated gastric interactions between galanin and leptin on NTS unitary activity when galanin (100 nM) and leptin (10 nM) were applied together in the gastric compartment. We observed that the effect of leptin when applied alone (168.8 Ϯ 7.7%) was reduced to 146.2 Ϯ 4.7% after coapplication of both compounds (P Ͻ 0.05 compared with leptin alone; P Ͻ 0.01 compared with galanin alone, 55.1 Ϯ 3.2%). Our data suggest that galanin modulates the leptin signals, which regulate the ingestive process in neonates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastric Effects of Galanin and Its Interaction with Leptin on Brainstem Neuronal Activity

Yuan

Dey²,

Xie³

et al. 2002

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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“…It has been well established that substance P (SP) is contained in the dorsal vagal somata of the ferret (Boissonade et al 1996) and human (Huang et al 1993b, Fodor et al 1994 as well as processes of the rat (Ladic and Buchan 1996), pigeon (Berk et al 1993) and cat (Baude et al 1992). Additional evidence that SP-IR processes of the DMX oppose the stomach supplying the DMX perikarya constitutes morphological proof for functional interactions between both neural structures (Ladic and Buchan 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In view of former reports it has been quite clear that enkephalins contribute to peptidergic innervation of the rat (Khachaturian et al 1983), dog (Pego-Reigosa et al 2000), ferret (Boissonade et al 1996) and human (Covenas et al 2004) DMX. Although opioid peptides, in particular enkephalins, play a crucial role in gastrointestinal regulations (Browning et al 2002) there is still a lack of anatomical data regarding organization of the LENK-immunoreactive system in the DMX of the pig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical characterization of neurons and neuronal processes in the dorsal vagal nucleus of the pig

Gańko

Rychlik²,

Całka³

2013

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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The vagus nerve is responsible for efferent and afferent innervation of the gastrointestinal tract. The efferent fibres originate from neurons located in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMX) and control mainly the gastric motor and secretory function.The main goal of our study was to examine expression of ChAT, SP, LENK, NOS and CART in the neuronal matrix of the porcine DMX. Double-labeling immunofluorescence revealed plenty of ChAT-IR neuronal cell bodies and fibres distributed throughout the nuclear matrix. Between the cholinergic somata and processes numerous SP-, LENK-and CART-IR neuronal protrusions forming dense networks were identified. While net of the NOS-IR fibres presented moderate density, the SP-and LENK-IR processes were often observed to form a basket-like structure closely surrounding the cholinergic parasympathetic neurons. Individual CART-IR basket-like formations were also encountered. A few double labeled ChAT-/NOS-IR perikarya in the rostral segment of the nucleus were also found.We confirm expression of studied antigens in the porcine DMX and provide morphological foundations for a possible regulatory role of SP, LENK, NOS and CART in porcine vago-visceral signaling.

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“…The NTS is impacted by numerous emesis-mediating afferents (e.g. vagal afferents) and serves as a major integrating site for diverse emetic stimuli [2,5,31,57], but does not directly generate motor activity. Thus, increased Fos-IR in the NTS is more likely to be related to induction of emesis rather than the motoric expression of vomiting.…”

Section: Central and Peripheral Mechanisms Contribute To Emetic Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of the least shrew as a rapid and selective screening model for the antiemetic potential and brain penetration of substance P and NK1 receptor antagonists

et al. 2008

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Substance P (SP) is thought to play a cardinal role in emesis via the activation of central tachykinin NK 1 receptors during the delayed phase of vomiting produced by chemotherapeutics. Although the existing supportive evidence is significant, due to lack of an appropriate animal model, the evidence is indirect. As yet, no study has confirmed that emesis produced by SP or a selective NK 1 receptor agonist is sensitive to brain penetrating antagonists of either NK 1 , NK 2 , or NK 3 receptors. The goals of this investigation were to demonstrate: 1) whether intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of either SP, a brain penetrating (GR73632) or non-penetrating (e.g. SarMet -SP) NK 1 receptor agonist, an NK 2 receptor agonist (GR64349), or an NK 3 receptor agonist (Pro 7 -NKB), would induce vomiting and/or scratching in the least shrew (Cryptotis parva) in a dose-dependent manner; and whether these effects are sensitive to the above selective receptor antagonists; 2) whether an exogenous emetic dose of SP (50 mg/kg, i.p.) can penetrate into the shrew brain stem and frontal cortex; 3) whether GR73632 (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.)-induced activation of NK 1 receptors increases Fos-measured neuronal activity in the neurons of both brain stem emetic nuclei and the enteric nervous system of the gut; and 4) whether selective ablation of peripheral NK 1 receptors can affect emesis produced by GR73632. The results clearly demonstrated that while SP produced vomiting only, GR73632 caused both emesis and scratching behavior dose-dependently in shrews, and these effects were sensitive to NK 1 -, but not NK 2 -or NK 3 -receptor antagonists. Neither the selective, non-penetrating NK 1 receptor agonists, nor the selective NK 2 -or NK 3 -receptor agonists, caused a significant dose-dependent behavioral effect. An emetic dose of SP selectively and rapidly penetrated the brain stem but not the frontal cortex. Systemic GR73632 increased Fos expression in the enteric nerve plexi, the medial subnucleus of nucleus tractus solitarius, and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, but not the area postrema. Ablation of peripheral NK 1 receptors attenuated the ability of GR73632 to induce a maximal frequency of emesis and shifted its percent animals vomiting dose-response curve to the right. The NK 1 -ablated shrews exhibited scratching behavior after systemic GR73632-injection. These results, for the first time, affirm a cardinal role for central NK 1 receptors in SP-induced vomiting, and a Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. facilitatory role for gastrointestinal NK 1 receptors. In addition, the...

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The dorsal vagal complex of the ferret: anatomical and immunohistochemical studies

Cited by 25 publications

References 102 publications

Gastric Effects of Galanin and Its Interaction with Leptin on Brainstem Neuronal Activity

Gastric Effects of Galanin and Its Interaction with Leptin on Brainstem Neuronal Activity

Immunohistochemical characterization of neurons and neuronal processes in the dorsal vagal nucleus of the pig

Utilization of the least shrew as a rapid and selective screening model for the antiemetic potential and brain penetration of substance P and NK1 receptor antagonists

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