The dopamine effect on sea urchin larvae depends on their age

Kalachev, Alexander V.; Tankovich, Alina E

doi:10.1111/dgd.12839

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…A correlation is observed, wherein heightened DA levels correspond to diminished arm length. Concurrently, it has been observed that the responsiveness to DA undergoes modifications This is a provisional file, not the final typeset article with larval maturation (Kalachev and Tankovich, 2023). Noteworthy is the existence of analogous data for M. nudus, a species explored in this study (Kalachev, 2020).…”

Section: Post-oral Dopaminergic Neurons Heterochrony and Dopamine-med...mentioning

confidence: 79%

Spontaneous Intersibling Polymorphism in the Development of Dopaminergic Neuroendocrine Cells in Sea Urchin Larvae: Impacts on the Expansion of Marine Benthic Species

Obukhova,

Khabarova,

Semenova

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Plasticity of the nervous system enables the formation of the most adaptive neural circuits and the corresponding behavior of animals. The mechanism by which plasticity arises during development and its involvement in animal adaptation is one of the astonishing questions. Sea urchin larvae are known for their evolutionary and ecological diversity as well as their developmental forms and behavioral patterns. This research addresses the intricate neuroendocrine adaptations that govern larval development of sea urchins, focusing on the coordination between dopaminergic (DA) and serotonergic (5-HT) neurons. The study reveals a heterochronic polymorphism in the appearance of post oral DA neurons and confirms the stable differentiation pattern of apical 5-HT neurons in the larvae of Mesocentrotus nudus and Paracentrotus lividus. We demonstrate that an increased number of DA cells and DA application correlate with downward swimming of the larvae. In contrast, 5-HT cells and serotonin application unsure larval upward swimming. As a result, the 5-HT/DA ratio underlay stage-dependent vertical distribution of the larvae within the water column. In larvae of the same age, the precise balance of 5-HT and DA cells underlie the basis for the different potentials of individuals for upward and downward swimming. This coordination in humoral regulation underlies shifts in larval behavior within a single generation. Based on our findings on DA-cells polymorphism, we have proposed a model illustrating how the balance between the serotonin and dopamine systems, shaped by heterochrony in DA cell appearance, impacts larval behavior, reduces competition between siblings and ensures optimal population expansion. The study explores the evolutionary and ecological implications of these neuroendocrine adaptations in marine species.

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Section: Post-oral Dopaminergic Neurons Heterochrony and Dopamine-med...mentioning

confidence: 79%

Spontaneous Intersibling Polymorphism in the Development of Dopaminergic Neuroendocrine Cells in Sea Urchin Larvae: Impacts on the Expansion of Marine Benthic Species

Obukhova,

Khabarova,

Semenova

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A correlation is observed, wherein heightened DA levels correspond to diminished arm length. Concurrently, it has been observed that the responsiveness to DA undergoes modifications with larval maturation ( Kalachev and Tankovich, 2023 ). Noteworthy is the existence of analogous data for M. nudus , a species explored in this study ( Kalachev, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Spontaneous intersibling polymorphism in the development of dopaminergic neuroendocrine cells in sea urchin larvae: impacts on the expansion of marine benthic species

Obukhova,

Khabarova,

Semenova

et al. 2024

Front. Neurosci.

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IntroductionThe plasticity of the nervous system plays a crucial role in shaping adaptive neural circuits and corresponding animal behaviors. Understanding the mechanisms underlying neural plasticity during development and its implications for animal adaptation constitutes an intriguing area of research. Sea urchin larvae offer a fascinating subject for investigation due to their remarkable evolutionary and ecological diversity, as well as their diverse developmental forms and behavioral patterns.Materials and methodsWe conducted immunochemical and histochemical analyses of serotonin-containing (5-HT-neurons) and dopamine-containing (DA-positive) neurons to study their developmental dynamics in two sea urchin species: Mesocentrotus nudus and Paracentrotus lividus. Our approach involved detailed visualization of 5-HT- and DA-positive neurons at gastrula-pluteus stages, coupled with behavioral assays to assess larval upward and downward swimming in the water column, with a focus on correlating cell numbers with larval swimming ability.ResultsThe study reveals a heterochronic polymorphism in the appearance of post-oral DA-positive neuroendocrine cells and confirms the stable differentiation pattern of apical 5-HT neurons in larvae of both species. Notably, larvae of the same age exhibit a two- to four-fold difference in DA neurons. An increased number of DA neurons and application of dopamine positively correlate with larval downward swimming, whereas 5-HT-neurons and serotonin application induce upward swimming. The ratio of 5-HT/DA neurons determines the stage-dependent vertical distribution of larvae within the water column. Consequently, larvae from the same generation with a higher number of DA-positive neurons tend to remain at the bottom compared to those with fewer DA-positive neurons.DiscussionThe proportion of 5-HT and DA neurons within larvae of the same age underlies the different potentials of individuals for upward and downward swimming. A proposed model illustrates how coordination in humoral regulation, based on heterochrony in DA-positive neuroendocrine cell differentiation, influences larval behavior, mitigates competition between siblings, and ensures optimal population expansion. The study explores the evolutionary and ecological implications of these neuroendocrine adaptations in marine species.

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Morphology and Chemical Messenger Regulation of Echinoderm Muscles

Liu,

Chen

2023

Biology

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The muscular systems of echinoderms play important roles in various physiological and behavioral processes, including feeding, reproduction, movement, respiration, and excretion. Like vertebrates, echinoderm muscle systems can be subdivided into two major divisions, somatic and visceral musculature. The former usually has a myoepithelial organization, while the latter contains muscle bundles formed by the aggregation of myocytes. Neurons and their processes are also detected between these myoepithelial cells and myocytes, which are capable of releasing a variety of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides to regulate muscle activity. Although many studies have reported the pharmacological effects of these chemical messengers on various muscles of echinoderms, there has been limited research on their receptors and their signaling pathways. The muscle physiology of echinoderms is similar to that of chordates, both of which have the deuterostome mode of development. Studies of muscle regulation in echinoderms can provide new insights into the evolution of myoregulatory systems in deuterostomes.

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The dopamine effect on sea urchin larvae depends on their age

Cited by 3 publications

References 42 publications

Spontaneous Intersibling Polymorphism in the Development of Dopaminergic Neuroendocrine Cells in Sea Urchin Larvae: Impacts on the Expansion of Marine Benthic Species

Spontaneous Intersibling Polymorphism in the Development of Dopaminergic Neuroendocrine Cells in Sea Urchin Larvae: Impacts on the Expansion of Marine Benthic Species

Spontaneous intersibling polymorphism in the development of dopaminergic neuroendocrine cells in sea urchin larvae: impacts on the expansion of marine benthic species

Morphology and Chemical Messenger Regulation of Echinoderm Muscles

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