The dominance model for heterosis explains culm length genetics in a hybrid sorghum variety

Hashimoto, Shumpei; Wake, Tatsuro; Nakamura, Haruki; Minamiyama, Masaki; Araki-Nakamura, Satoko; Ohmae-Shinohara, Kozue; Koketsu, Eriko; Okamura, Shinnosuke; Miura, Kotaro; Kawaguchi, Hideo; Kasuga, Shigemitsu; Sazuka, Takashi

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-84020-3

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…The gene corresponding to the 1 3 114 dw4 locus has not been identified at the time of this writing. In addition to the four known dwarf loci, other dwarf loci or modifying loci are also inadvertently selected during the process of sorghum improvement (Hashimoto et al 2021). An in-depth analysis of plant height variations in the SAP with known dwarf loci as covariates shows that at least 10 loci are involved in sorghum height variation (Li et al 2015).…”

Section: New Dwarf Mutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorghum genetic, genomic, and breeding resources

Xin

Wang²,

Cuevas

et al. 2021

Planta

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Main conclusion Sorghum research has entered an exciting and fruitful era due to the genetic, genomic, and breeding resources that are now available to researchers and plant breeders. Abstract As the world faces the challenges of a rising population and a changing global climate, new agricultural solutions will need to be developed to address the food and fiber needs of the future. To that end, sorghum will be an invaluable crop species as it is a stress-resistant C4 plant that is well adapted for semi-arid and arid regions. Sorghum has already remained as a staple food crop in many parts of Africa and Asia and is critically important for animal feed and niche culinary applications in other regions, such as the United States. In addition, sorghum has begun to be developed into a promising feedstock for forage and bioenergy production. Due to this increasing demand for sorghum and its potential to address these needs, the continuous development of powerful community resources is required. These resources include vast collections of sorghum germplasm, high-quality reference genome sequences, sorghum association panels for genome-wide association studies of traits involved in food and bioenergy production, mutant populations for rapid discovery of causative genes for phenotypes relevant to sorghum improvement, gene expression atlas, and online databases that integrate all resources and provide the sorghum community with tools that can be used in breeding and genomic studies. Used in tandem, these valuable resources will ensure that the rate, quality, and collaborative potential of ongoing sorghum improvement efforts is able to rival that of other major crops.

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Section: New Dwarf Mutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorghum genetic, genomic, and breeding resources

Xin

Wang²,

Cuevas

et al. 2021

Planta

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“…All accessions were sequenced using an Illumina Hiseq X Ten sequencer (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA) by pair-end sequencing to obtain SNPs as previously reported ( Hashimoto et al., 2021 ). For SNP calling, clean reads were aligned with the BTx623 (v3.0.1) reference genome using Burrows-Wheeler Alignment (BWA, v0.7.17) ( Li and Durbin, 2009 ) with default parameters.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of sugary endosperm in sorghum: Characterization of mutant phenotypes depending on alleles of the corresponding starch debranching enzyme

Hashimoto

Okada²,

Araki-Nakamura³

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Sorghum is the fifth most important cereal crop. Here we performed molecular genetic analyses of the ‘SUGARY FETERITA’ (SUF) variety, which shows typical sugary endosperm traits (e.g., wrinkled seeds, accumulation of soluble sugars, and distorted starch). Positional mapping indicated that the corresponding gene was located on the long arm of chromosome 7. Within the candidate region of 3.4 Mb, a sorghum ortholog for maize Su1 (SbSu) encoding a starch debranching enzyme ISA1 was found. Sequencing analysis of SbSu in SUF uncovered nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the coding region, containing substitutions of highly conserved amino acids. Complementation of the rice sugary-1 (osisa1) mutant line with the SbSu gene recovered the sugary endosperm phenotype. Additionally, analyzing mutants obtained from an EMS-induced mutant panel revealed novel alleles with phenotypes showing less severe wrinkles and higher Brix scores. These results suggested that SbSu was the corresponding gene for the sugary endosperm. Expression profiles of starch synthesis genes during the grain-filling stage demonstrated that a loss-of-function of SbSu affects the expression of most starch synthesis genes and revealed the fine-tuned gene regulation in the starch synthetic pathway in sorghum. Haplotype analysis using 187 diverse accessions from a sorghum panel revealed the haplotype of SUF showing severe phenotype had not been used among the landraces and modern varieties. Thus, weak alleles (showing sweet and less severe wrinkles), such as in the abovementioned EMS-induced mutants, are more valuable for grain sorghum breeding. Our study suggests that more moderate alleles (e.g. produced by genome editing) should be beneficial for improving grain sorghum.

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“…The hybrid sorghum cultivar Tentaka 18 was grown in 2020 in an experimental field at Nagoya University, Japan. Whole plants were harvested at the heading stage and fully dried in a greenhouse.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%