The dogfish neuromuscular junction: dual innervation of vertebrate striated muscle fibres?

Bone, Q.

doi:10.1242/jcs.10.3.657

Cited by 31 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

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“…Especially in the fast-twitch white muscle fibers, the number of JFs was more numerous, and the depth of JFs was more than that of the red fiber. The multiple foldings of the subjunction membrane were found, which indicate that completely mature JFs were established [ 35 ]. Besides, numerous, deep, often branched post-synaptic membrane infoldings were also be found in adult Lampetra fluviatils L [ 36 ].…”

Section: The Evolution Of Junctional Foldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-synaptic specialization of the neuromuscular junction: junctional folds formation, function, and disorders

Zou

Pan

2022

Cell Biosci

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Post-synaptic specialization is critical to the neurotransmitter release and action potential conduction. The neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) are the synapses between the motor neurons and muscle cells and have a more specialized post-synaptic membrane than synapses in the central nervous system (CNS). The sarcolemma within NMJ folded to form some invagination portions called junctional folds (JFs), and they have important roles in maintaining the post-synaptic membrane structure. The NMJ formation and the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) clustering signal pathway have been extensively studied and reviewed. Although it has been suggested that JFs are related to maintaining the safety factor of neurotransmitter release, the formation mechanism and function of JFs are still unclear. This review will focus on the JFs about evolution, formation, function, and disorders. Anticipate understanding of where they are coming from and where we will study in the future.

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Section: The Evolution Of Junctional Foldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-synaptic specialization of the neuromuscular junction: junctional folds formation, function, and disorders

Zou

Pan

2022

Cell Biosci

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Histochemistry of cholinesterase in amphioxus (Branchiostoma lanceolatum, pallas)

Flood

1974

J of Comparative Neurology

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Biochemical and histochemical experiments showed that the cholinesterase activity in amphioxus is due to specific acetylcholinesterase. Light and electron microscopic histochemical staining methods demonstrated that the acetylcholinesterase activity is localized to the junctions between processes of the trunk muscle fibres and the lateral surface of the spinal cord (the central motor end plate), to the junction between processes of the muscular notochordal lamellae and the ventral surface of the spinal cord (the neuro-chordal junction), and to the junctions between the pterygeal axon plexus and processes of the pterygeal muscle fibres. In the central motor end plate the dorsal and the ventral compartments, innervating superficial "red" and deep "white" trunk muscle fibres respectively, were equally intensely stained. Lower activities were seen in the spinal cord,trunk muscle, pterygeal muscle and notochord. It is concluded that most of the specific acetylcholinesterase found in amphioxus tissues is related to various kinds of neuro-muscular junction and accordingly that these probably are cholinergicThe histochemical localization of cholinesterase in amphioxus has previously been mentioned by Mackay and Peters ('61) p. 183. They stated that "cholinesterase appears as diffuse streaks which are parallel to the muscle fibres of the myotomes and there is no evidence of staining in the vicinity of the myosepta, except where nerve bundles occur."Later it was shown that two or three different kinds of muscle fibre or lamella are present in the trunk muscle of amphioxus, and that these lamellae are motorically innervated in an unusual way by so-called central motor end plates (Flood, '66, '68a). Each muscle lamella sends a sarcoplasmic process, the so-called ventral root fibres, towards the surface of the spinal cord to receive its innervation. The processes from the sarcoplasma-rich superficial muscle lamella are apposed to boutons containing small syqaptic vesicles (mean diameter about 700 A) and those from the sarcoplasma-poor deep lamellae to boutons with Isrge vesicles (mean diameter about 1170 A).The superficial type of muscle lamella are probably homologous to the red or slow type of muscle fibre, and the deep lamellae to the white or fast type of muscle fibre present in other chordates (Andersen et J. COMP. NEUR., 157: 407438.al., '63; Bone, '66; Guthrie, '67; Teravainen, '71).All the boutons that innervate the muscle lamellae of a single segment of the trunk are gathered in a large plaque at the lateral surface of the spinal cord. Within this plaque, the boutons with small vesicles are gathered in a small dorsal compartment segregated from those with large vesicles by a narrow glial barrier (Flood, '68a).It has been known since long that the lamellae of the notochord in amphioxus contain transverse filaments in a crossstriation pattern resembling muscle sarcomeres of 30 pm length (Ebner, 1895; Joseph, '02). By electron microscopy it has recently been demonstrated that some of these filament? have a pe...

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An electron microscopic study of the neuromuscular junction in the myotomes of larval lamprey, Lampetra japonica

Nakao

1976

J of Comparative Neurology

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The neuromuscular junction in the myotomes of larval and adult lampreys, Lampetra japonica, was studied with the electron microscope. In larval lampreys of 26 days after artificial insemination, the myotome consists of triangular lamellae of muscle cell with their bases laterally and apexes medially oriented and placed one on the other. The lateral aspect of the myotome is covered by a layer of flattened cell, and the other aspect is covered by an external lamina which does not extend into the intercellular space between adjacent cells within a myotome. A bundle of thin axons was found in a depression at the middle of medial edge (apex) of each muscle lamella of the myotome and neuromuscular junction was formed here. No nerve endings were found at the myoseptal ends or at the lateral borders of the muscle lamellae. Enlarged axon terminals contained numerous clear vesicles with a few cored vesicles, mitochondria and neurofilaments. The presynaptic axolemma was separated from the postsynaptic sarcolemma by an interspace (50-55 mmu wide) with an interposed external lamina. In the trunk musculature of adult lampreys, nerve endings were found on the surface of the parietal fibers whereas they were seen on both the myoseptal ends near the myotendinous junction along the medial border of each central fiber. Thickening and enhancement in the electron density and accumulation of filamentous material on the sarcoplasmic surface of the postsynaptic sarcolemma were noted in both the larval and adult lampreys. Any other specific alterations were not found on both the pre- and postsynaptic membrane in the neuromuscular junctions of larval and adult lampreys. A brief comment was made on the relationship in development of the characteristic muscle units and patterns of the motor innervation in the larval and adult lampreys. The significance of the neuromuscular junction in the very young larvae reported here was also discussed in respect to the evolution of the neuromuscular junction, particularly in lower chordates, and it was presumed to be the most primitive pattern of innervation in the vertebrate skeletal muscle.

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The dogfish neuromuscular junction: dual innervation of vertebrate striated muscle fibres?

Cited by 31 publications

References 10 publications

Post-synaptic specialization of the neuromuscular junction: junctional folds formation, function, and disorders

Post-synaptic specialization of the neuromuscular junction: junctional folds formation, function, and disorders

Histochemistry of cholinesterase in amphioxus (Branchiostoma lanceolatum, pallas)

An electron microscopic study of the neuromuscular junction in the myotomes of larval lamprey, Lampetra japonica

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