The dog as a model for evaluating prosthetic heart valves

Jones, Richard D.; Dreher, Dennis; Cross, Frederick S.

doi:10.1016/0003-4975(89)90616-4

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…Consequently, prosthetic implantation directly into the aortic annulus is technically challenging (13, 14). The pig is more advantageous in terms of cost and availability, but it too shares the limitations of cloven footed animals of having a short ascending aortic trunk, a tendency to develop cardiopulmonary bypass complications, and presenting difficulties in terms of accessing the peripheral venous circulation, management and handling (7, 13, 15-17). Nevertheless, numerous reports on mechanical heart valves have been based on data derived from the pig (2, 13, 18, 19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Animal Experimental Model for a Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valve Prosthesis

et al. 2004

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The objective of this study was to develop a pre-clinical large animal model for the in vivo hemodynamic testing of prosthetic valves in the aortic position without the need for cardiopulmonary bypass. Ten male pigs were used. A composite valved conduit was constructed in the operating room by implanting a prosthetic valve between two separate pieces of vascular conduits, which bypassed the ascending aorta to the descending aorta. Prior to applying a side-biting clamp to the ascending aorta for proximal grafting to the aortic anastomosis, an aorta to femoral artery shunt was placed just proximally to this clamp. The heart rate, cardiac output, Vmax, transvalvular pressure gradient, effective orifice area and incremental dobutamine stress response were assessed. A dose dependant increase with dobutamine was seen in terms of cardiac output, Vmax, and the peak transvalvular pressure gradient both in the native and in the prosthetic valve. However, the increment was much steeper in the prosthetic valve. No significant differences in cardiac output were noted between the native and the prosthetic valves. The described pre-clinical porcine model was found suitable for site-specific in-vivo hemodynamic assessment of aortic valvular prosthesis without cardiopulmonary bypass.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Animal Experimental Model for a Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valve Prosthesis

et al. 2004

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Animal models for bench to bedside translation of regenerative cardiac constructs

Quinn

2013

Progress in Pediatric Cardiology

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Differential neointimal response to coronary artery injury in pigs and dogs. Implications for restenosis models.

Schwartz

Edwards

Bailey

et al. 1994

Arterioscler Thromb

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Neointimal hyperplasia occurs in the coronary arteries after percutaneous revascularization procedures and is a reparative response that frequently causes recurrent stenosis. Prior animal studies have shown that neointimal tissue thickness is proportional to the depth of arterial injury. Because animal models are increasingly used to test therapeutic strategies against restenosis, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree of neointimal thickening formed in the coronary arteries of pigs compared with dogs in response to severe injury. Fourteen coronary arteries in six mongrel dogs and 18 coronary arteries in nine pigs underwent severe arterial injury using tantalum metal coils delivered on oversized angioplasty balloons. Animals were killed after 4 weeks, and all coronary arteries were pressure perfusion fixed. Mean histological injury scores and neointimal thicknesses for dogs were 1.9±0.3 and 0.30±0.11, respectively, compared with 2.1±0.7 and 0.71 ±0.36 for pigs. Thus, there was significantly less C oronary artery restenosis remains a major unsolved limitation for interventional cardiology. 13 It results from arterial injury incurred during the revascularization of coronary atherosclerosis 46 and is caused in large part by neointimal hyperplasia at the injury site. 79 Little progress has been made against restenosis despite much investigative work in both patients and animal models.The relevance of animal models to restenosis in humans is unclear yet of paramount importance to clinical trials. Neointima develops in most animal models but to varying degrees and with variable histopathologic appearance. In the porcine coronary model, large amounts of neointima develop with histopathology identical to that in humans. 10 The depth and extent of arterial injury appear to determine the thickness of neointimal response.11 In other models, less neointima may form in response to injury. If this suspicion is true, comparative study of animal models resulting in less neointima might be useful for understanding the mechanisms of neointimal growth and possibly for suggesting new therapeutic approaches to restenosis. Thus, the purpose of this study was to Received March 30, 1993; revision accepted December 7, 1993. neointimal thickening in dogs compared with pigs (P<.001) despite no differences in injury (P=NS). The neointimal thickening differences translated into significantly different percent area stenoses: 55 ±24% for pigs versus 27 ±13% for dogs (P<.001). Linear regression modeled neointimal thickness versus injury assessed by an ordinal injury score proportional to the depth of injury for each species. This analysis confirmed the differences across multiple injury levels. The slope of the regression line for dogs was small, suggesting that no relation may exist between injury and neointimal thickness in this species. The pig may be a more appropriate model for the study of the genesis of stenosing neointima. If the lack of response in dogs could be better understood, insight into more effective r...

show abstract

The dog as a model for evaluating prosthetic heart valves

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Development of an Animal Experimental Model for a Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valve Prosthesis

Development of an Animal Experimental Model for a Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valve Prosthesis

Animal models for bench to bedside translation of regenerative cardiac constructs

Differential neointimal response to coronary artery injury in pigs and dogs. Implications for restenosis models.

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