The Diversity, Growth Promoting Abilities and Anti-microbial Activities of Bacteria Isolated from the Fruiting Body of Agaricus bisporus

Abstract

Agaricus bisporus plays an important role in ecological processes and is one of the most widely cultivated mushrooms worldwide. Mushroom growth-promoting bacteria have been isolated from casing soil and compost, but microorganisms in the fruiting body have received only a little attention. To get an overview of phylogenetic diversity of microorganisms in the fruiting body of A. bisporus, as well as to screen antimicrobial and mushroom growth-promoting strains, and eventually intensify mushroom production, we isolated and characterized microorganisms from the fruiting body of A. bisporus. In total, 55 bacterial strains were isolated, among which nine isolates represented Actinomycetes. All the isolates were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene RFLP and sixteen representative strains by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. According to the phylogenetic analysis, eleven isolates represented the Gram-positive Bacillus, Lysinibacillus, Paenibacillus, Pandorea and Streptomyces genera, and five isolates belonged to the Gram-negative Alcaligenes and Pseudomonas genera. The bacteria isolated from the fruiting body of A. bisporus had broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities and potential mushroom growth-promoting abilities.

Bacteria Associated With Shiraia Fruiting Bodies Influence Fungal Production of Hypocrellin A

“…The dominant bacteria detected here in the fruiting bodies suggested a similarity to the ectomycorrhizosphere, where Bacillus , Pseudomonas , Paenibacillus , and Sphingomonas were common members of ectomycorrhizal fungi (Poole et al, 2001; Dahm et al, 2005). The most common bacterial communities in fruiting bodies of Tricholoma matsutake and Agaricus bisporus were also reported to be the high abundance of Pseudomonas and Bacillus , respectively (Li et al, 2016b; Xiang et al, 2017). Although some of the observed bacterial taxa including Staphylococcus , Bacillus , Enterobacter , and Pseudomonas in Shiraia fruiting bodies were present in bamboo endophytic bacteria, Arthrobacter , Curtobacterium , and Alcaligenes were found only from bamboo tissues (leaves, stems, and roots) (Yuan et al, 2015).…”

“…Despite many bacterial isolates from various fruiting bodies (Li and Godzik, 2006; Zagryadskaya et al, 2013; Benucci and Bonito, 2016), the physiological roles of the bacterial associates have not been well-elucidated so far. Two Pseudomonas strains (DJ35 and DY22) from fruiting body of A. bisporus were reported to be potent mushroom growth-promoting bacteria due to their production of indole acetic acid (IAA) and cellulase (Xiang et al, 2017). The development of the primordia and basidiome of Pleurotus ostreatus was enhanced by some fluorescent Pseudomonas spp.…”

Growing edible mushrooms: a conversation between bacteria and fungi

“…P7014 has been reported to stimulate the development of Pleurotus eryngii mycelia (Kang and Cho, 2014). Bacteria have also been reported to secrete cellulase (implicated in degrading cellulose and therefore providing carbon to the host), and to solubilize phosphate from insoluble compounds (Xiang et al, 2017).…”

“…Bacterial strains isolated from compost, casing, button mushroom caps and wild mushrooms have been also tested against bacterial diseases such as brown blotch (P. tolaasii) and internal stipe necrosis (Ewingella americana) showing antagonism towards the causative agents in vitro and minimizing disease symptoms in crop trials (Tajalipour et al, 2014;Aslani et al, 2018). Similarly, bacteria isolated from the fruiting body of A. bisporus showed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities (Xiang et al, 2017).…”

Antifungal Activity of Bacterial Isolates from Straw Mushroom Cultivation Medium against Phytopathogenic Fungi

“…Bacillus cereus W34 previously reported has a growth-promoting ability and increases the yield of fruiting bodies in straw mushroom cultivation (Jemsi & Aryantha 2017). Several other bacteria from genera Alcaligenes, Lysinibacillus, Paenibacillus, Pandorea, Pseudomonas, and Streptomyces also were reported as potential mushroom growth-promoting bacteria (Xiang et al 2017). However, several bacteria also have a detrimental effect on cultivated mushrooms.…”