The diversity and function of intestinal microorganisms in four geographic <i>Cephalcia chuxiongica</i> (a pine defoliator) populations

Yu, Hong; Du, Cui‐Min; Shi, Min‐Rui; Feng, Lu; Fu, Da‐Ying; Xu, Jin; Yong-he, LI

doi:10.1111/jen.12858

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…The present study and previous studies [21][22][23] on C. chuxiongica suggest that this species has evolved multiple physiological and behavioral strategies (such as facultative parthenogenesis, long larval diapause, and trade-offs on reproduction and survival) to adapt to its living environment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…C. chuxiongica has a long (19 months) larval dormancy stage and adults do not feed [21], which may force adults to use limited resources optimally on reproduction and survival. In addition, C. chuxiongica females lay eggs on the surface of pine needles [23], which will facilitate larval feeding after hatching but also will likely to incur attack by natural enemies. C. chuxiongica females may thus have evolved egg protection behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To confirm adults virginity and age, newly eclosed adults were directly dug out from the soil below the pine trees in the morning [27]. Males and females were sexed according to morphological traits [23] and reared separately on the pine trees (on the pine needles covered by nylon mesh bag [30 cm diameter, 40 cm long] to avoid insect escape). As mentioned above, C. chuxiongica adults can mate soon after emergence and mating mostly happen at noon.…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sawfly Cephalcia chuxiongica Xiao (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae) is a serious pest of pines in China [22,23]. Almost fifty Cephalcia species have been found all over the world, with most of them being important forest pests [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mating-Induced Trade-Offs upon Egg Production versus Fertilization and Offspring’s Survival in a Sawfly with Facultative Parthenogenesis

Shi

et al. 2021

Insects

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Investigation of mating-induced trade-offs between reproduction and survival is conducive to provide evolutionary insights into reproductive strategies and aging. Here, we used RNAseq and bioinformatics to reveal mating-induced changes of genes and pathways related to reproduction and survival in female Cephalcia chuxiongica, a pine defoliator with facultative parthenogenesis and long larval dormancy. Results showed that mating induced substantial downregulation on genes and pathways associated to immunity, stress response, and longevity. However, mating induced divergent reproductive response, with downregulation on genes and pathways related to egg production while upregulation on genes and pathways related to egg fertilization. Considering the nature of limited resources in adults, low fecundity, and egg protection behavior in C. chuxiongica, we suggest that mating triggers trade-offs between reproduction and survival in this insect and females of this species may have evolved specific strategies to adapt to the environmental and hosts’ conditions, e.g., restrict whole fecundity to ensure higher fertilization and offspring’s survival. Moreover, mating induced significant responses on genes and pathways that play important roles in vertebrate reproduction while their function in insects are unclear, such as the progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation pathway; the significant regulation after mating suggests that their function may be evolutionarily conserved in animal kingdom.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mating-Induced Trade-Offs upon Egg Production versus Fertilization and Offspring’s Survival in a Sawfly with Facultative Parthenogenesis

Shi

et al. 2021

Insects

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“…In the citrus fruit fly, Bactrocera minax , 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that Proteobacteria were dominant in gut and reproductive organs (Wang et al, 2014 ). Other studies have also found an abundance of Proteobacteria in various insect species, such as the sawfly Cephalcia chuxiongica (Yu et al, 2021 ), the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria (Dillon et al, 2010 ), the Lutzomyia sand fly (Sant'anna et al, 2012 ), and two ground beetles (Lundgren et al, 2007 ). Proteobacteria may play important roles in insects, such as help insects to fix nitrogen and preventing the establishment or proliferation of pathogenic bacteria (Dillon and Dillon, 2004 ; Dixon and Kahn, 2004 ; Behar et al, 2005 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Mating Leads to a Decline in the Diversity of Symbiotic Microbiomes and Promiscuity Increased Pathogen Abundance in a Moth

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Mating may promote microbial diversity through sexual transmission, while mating-induced immune responses may decrease it. Therefore, the study of mating-induced microbiomes changes under different mating systems is informative to unravel its biological relevance and evolutionary significance. Here, we studied the microbiomes in a community context within the abdomen of Spodoptera frugiperda females using 16S rDNA sequences by setting virgin females, and females mated once, twice, or thrice with the same or different males. Alpha and beta diversities revealed that mating significantly affected the composition of microbiomes in S. frugiperda females, wherein virgin females have the highest diversity, followed by one-time mated females and females mated with multiple males, while females mated repeatedly with the same male showed the lowest diversity. The low diversity in females mated repeatedly with the same male may be due to lower sexual transmission as only mated with one mate and higher immune response from repeated matings. Functional prediction by FAPROTAX and literature searching found 17 possible pathogens and 12 beneficial microbiomes. Multiple mating turned over the abundance of pathogens and beneficial microbes, for example, Enterococcus and Lactobacillus spp. (beneficial) showed higher abundance in virgin females while Morganella and Serratia spp. (pathogens) showed higher abundance in females mated with multiple males. These results suggest that mating causes a decline in the diversity of symbiotic microbiomes and promiscuity incurs a higher pathogen abundance in S. frugiperda females, which may be the result of sexual transmission of bacterial strains and immune responses targeting members of the microbiomes. To our knowledge, we demonstrate microbiomes changes in female insects under virgin and different mating regimes for the first time.

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Lactobacillus spp. in the reproductive system of female moths and mating induced changes and possible transmission

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2022

BMC Microbiol

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Background The microbiome in the insect reproductive tract is poorly understood. Our previous study demonstrated the presence of Lactobacillus spp. in female moths, but their distribution and function remain unclear. Lactobacillus spp. are known as the ‘healthy’ vaginal microbiome in humans. Results Here, we studied the microbiome in the reproductive system (RS) and gut of Spodoptera frugiperda using 16S rDNA sequences. The obtained 4315 bacterial OTUs were classified into 61 phyla and 642 genera, with Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidota being the top three dominant phyla and Enterococcus and Asaia being dominant genera in most samples. Mating dramatically increased the abundance of pathogens or pathogenic functions in the gut, while in the RS, the change range was trivial. Taxonomy assignment identified thirteen Lactobacillus spp. in S. frugiperda, with Lactobacillus crustorum and Lactobacillus murinus showing high abundance. Three species found in S. frugiperda, namely L. reuteri, L. plantarum and L. brevis, have also been identified as human ‘healthy’ vaginal bacterial species. Lactobacillus spp. showed higher abundance in the RS of virgin females and lower abundance in the RS of virgin males and the gut of virgin females. Mating reduced their abundance in the RS of females but increased their abundance in the RS of males, especially in males mated with multiple females. The RS of virgin females and of multiple mated males were very similar in terms of composition and abundance of Lactobacillus species, with Lactobacillus crustorum showing much higher abundance in both tissues, potentially due to sexual transmission. Conclusions Lactobacillus spp. showed high abundance and diversity in the RS of female moths. The higher abundance of Lactobacillus spp. in the RS of female moths and the similarity of Lactobacillus species in female moths with human ‘healthy’ vaginal Lactobacillus spp. suggest that these bacterial strains are also an important microbiome in the RS of female moths.

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The diversity and function of intestinal microorganisms in four geographic Cephalcia chuxiongica (a pine defoliator) populations

Abstract: There are abundant microbial communities in the digestive tract of insects. These microbes interact with insects actively to form an internal 'ecosystem', which plays essential roles in host physiology,

Cited by 3 publications

References 74 publications

Mating-Induced Trade-Offs upon Egg Production versus Fertilization and Offspring’s Survival in a Sawfly with Facultative Parthenogenesis

Mating-Induced Trade-Offs upon Egg Production versus Fertilization and Offspring’s Survival in a Sawfly with Facultative Parthenogenesis

Mating Leads to a Decline in the Diversity of Symbiotic Microbiomes and Promiscuity Increased Pathogen Abundance in a Moth

Lactobacillus spp. in the reproductive system of female moths and mating induced changes and possible transmission

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