The diversification of granitoids and plate tectonic implications at the Archaean–Proterozoic boundary in the Bundelkhand Craton, Central India

Abstract

The Bundelkhand Craton in Central India holds a large Archaean granitoid complex consisting of cores of TTG (tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite) gneisses of island arc or oceanic origin surrounded by abundant younger high-K calc-alkaline granitoids. Major and trace element groupings and ion probe U–Pb zircon datings of the groups show a time gap of 130 Ma between the main formation episodes of the TTGs (3.5/3.3–2.7 Ga) and the emplacement of the first high-K granitoids (2.57–2.54 Ga). Based on their geochemical diversity, the high-K calc-alkaline granitoids can be divided into low-silica high-magnesium (LSHM) granitoids such as sanukitoids and Closepet-type granitoids, and high-silica low-magnesium (HSLM) monzogranites with low-HREE and low-Eu subgroups. The former group points to mantle or mixed mantle and crustal sources, and the latter to pure crustal sources. All the varieties of the high-K granitoids formed within a narrow time span, which indicates large-scale partial melting and fluid activity in the mantle and crust, possibly resulting from a slab breakoff or delamination at the margin of an Archaean TTG continent.Supplementary material: Major and trace element concentrations and U-Pb results of granitoids from the Bundelkhand Craton are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3576377

Redox series assessment, petrogenetic, and geodynamic appraisal of Neoarchean granites from the Bundelkhand Craton, Central India: Constraints from phase petrology and bulk rock geochemistry

“…(c) Neoarchean granites intruded into the greenstone belt and preexisting TTG gneiss; and (d) Proterozoic quartz reefs, mafic dykes and dyke swarms emplaced subsequently to the transformation of stable craton, and are related to crustal-scale extension and shearing (e.g., Basu, 1986;Bhattacharya & Singh, 2013;Joshi et al, 2017;Mondal et al, 2002;Pati et al, 2007;Singh, 2012;Singh, Verma, Moreno, et al, 2019). Singh and Slabunov (2016) (Singh & Slabunov, 2014).…”

“…Recently, the petrogenesis of Neoarchean sanukitoids (s.l.) and anatectic granites from the Bundelkhand Craton has been discussed (Joshi et al, 2017;Singh, Verma, Moreno, et al, 2019). Kumar, Raju, Pathak, and Pandey (2010) have carried out magnetic susceptibility mapping of volcano-plutonic felsic magmatic lithounits of central Bundelkhand Craton, and have inferred the existence and spatial distribution of magnetite and ilmenite series granites.…”

Paleoarchean Zircons from Quartzite of South Bundelkhand Supracrustal Complex:Origin and Implications for Crustal Evolution in Bundelkhand Craton, Central India

“…km and consists of Archean potassium-rich granitoids 14 , Archean (3.55-2.8 Ga) sodium-rich TonaliteTrondjhemite-Granodiorites (TTGs) and Mesoarchean (ca. 2.84 Ga) to Neoarchean (2.57-2.52 Ga) greenstone complexes [15][16][17][18][19][20] . The Paleoproterozoic rocks (low metamorphosed sedimentary along with mafic flows and sills) of the Bijawar and Gwalior Groups are exposed in the southern and northern parts of BC (Figure 1 a).…”

“…BC is delimited to the west by the Great Boundary Fault, to the northeast by the Indo-Gangetic alluvial plains and to the south, and southeast by the Vindhyan sedimentary rocks. The geology of the craton has been discussed in detail by several workers [20][21][22][23][24][25][26] . A dominant feature of the craton is the presence of NE-SW trending quartz veins.…”

The TTG-Amphibolite Terrains of Arctic Fennoscandia: Infinite Networks of Amphibolite Metatexite-Diatexite Transitions

“…According to previous research, the formation of continents started in early Archean, at 4.0 Ga, by conversion of Earth's early oceanic basalts into felsic TTG crust, a process that continued almost throughout the entire Archean, mainly up to 2.7 Ga (see review of Halla, 2018 and references therein). The Middle and Late Archean brought a weighty novelty in the geochemistry of felsic igneous rocks: the emergence of multi-source high-K calcalkaline granitoid batholiths at 3.0-2.5 Ga, the origin of which has been related to crust-mantle interactions at the onset of modern-type plate tectonics (Laurent et al, 2014;Halla et al, 2017;Joshi et al, 2017).…”