The diverging evolutionary history of opsin genes in Diptera

Feuda, Roberto; Goulty, Matthew; Zadra, Nicola; Gasparetti, Tiziana; Rosato, Ezio; Segata, Nicola; Rizzoli, A.; Pisani, Davide; Ometto, Lino; Rota‐Stabelli, Omar

doi:10.1101/2020.06.29.177931

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…While Rh1 subsequently got expressed in the outer PRs of the compound eye (Figure 1H), Rh2 got exclusively expressed in the ocelli (Figure 1F). To analyse the evolutionary origin of long-wavelength opsin gene duplications, we generated a phylogenetic tree by using amino acid sequences of Drosophila opsins and probable Rh1, Rh2 and Rh6 orthologs from other dipteran species ( Ceratitis capitata or med fly, Musca domestica or house fly, Glossina palpalis or tsetse fly, Lucilia cupr ina or Australian sheep blow fly and Aedes aegypti/Anopheles gambiae or mosquitoes; sequences collected from Feuda lab on bitbucket (https://bitbucket.org/Feuda-lab/opsin_diptera/src/master/) [30]. The resulting phylogenetic alignment of Rh1, Rh2 and Rh6 suggests that Rh6 is ancestral to all dipteran species including mosquitoes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To analyse the evolutionary origin of long-wavelength opsin gene duplications, we generated a phylogenetic tree by using amino acid sequences of Drosophila opsins and probable Rh1, Rh2 and Rh6 orthologs from other dipteran species (Ceratitis (https://bitbucket.org/Feuda-lab/opsin_diptera/src/master/) [30]. The resulting phylogenetic alignment of Rh1, Rh2 and Rh6 suggests that Rh6 is ancestral to all dipteran species including mosquitoes.…”

Section: Differential Expression Of Rhodopsins In the Compound Eye And Ocellimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Opsin paralog groups were named according to Drosophila nomenclature. Amino acid sequences of Rhodopsins were used for making the phylogenetic tree and these sequences were available either in Feuda lab on bitbucket (https://bitbucket.org/Feuda-lab/opsin_diptera/src/master/) [30] or in NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information). The Phylogenetic tree was made (by using MUSCLE online tool phylogeny.fr) and Rh5 sequence from Drosophila were taken as an outgroup.…”

Section: Figure Legendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Homothorax Controls a Binary Rhodopsin Switch inDrosophilaOcelli

Mishra

Fritsch

Voutev

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Visual perception of the environment is mediated by specialized photoreceptor (PR) neurons of the eye. Each PR expresses photosensitive opsins, which are activated by a particular wavelength of light. In most insects, the visual system comprises a pair of compound eyes that are mainly associated with motion detection, color or polarized light perception and a triplet of ocelli that are thought to be critical during flight to detect horizon and movements. It is widely believed that evolutionary diversification of compound eye and ocelli in insects occurred from an ancestral visual organ around 500 million years ago. Concurrently, opsin genes were also duplicated to provide distinct spectral sensitivities to different PRs of compound eye and ocelli. In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, Rhodopsin1 (Rh1) and Rh2 are closely related opsins that are originated from the duplication of a single ancestral gene. However, in the visual organs, Rh2 is uniquely expressed in ocelli whereas Rh1 is uniquely expressed in outer PRs of the compound eye. It is currently unknown how this differential expression of Rh1 and Rh2 in the two visual organs is controlled to provide unique spectral sensitivities to ocelli and compound eyes. Here, we show that Homothorax (Hth) is expressed in ocelli and confers proper rhodopsin expression. We find that Hth controls a binary rhodopsin switch in ocelli to promote Rh2 expression and repress Rh1 expression. Genetic and molecular analysis of rh1 and rh2 supports that Hth acts through their promoters to regulate rhodopsin expression in the ocelli. Finally, we also show that when ectopically expressed in the retina, hth is sufficient to induce Rh2 expression only at the outer PRs in a cell autonomous manner. We therefore propose that the diversification of rhodpsins in the ocelli and retinal outer PRs occurred by duplication of an ancestral gene, which is under the control of Homothorax.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Differential Expression Of Rhodopsins In the Compound Eye And Ocellimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figure Legendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Homothorax Controls a Binary Rhodopsin Switch inDrosophilaOcelli

Mishra

Fritsch

Voutev

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While Rh1 subsequently got expressed in the outer PRs of the compound eye (Fig 1H), Rh2 got exclusively expressed in the ocelli (Fig 1F). To further analyse the evolutionary origin of clade II opsin gene duplications, we generated a phylogenetic tree by using amino acid sequences of Drosophila Rh1, Rh2, Rh6 and their putative orthologs from other dipteran species (Ceratitis capitata or med fly, Musca domestica or house fly, Glossina palpalis or tsetse fly, Lucilia cuprina or Australian sheep blow fly and Aedes aegypti/Anopheles gambiae or mosquitoes; sequences collected from Feuda lab on bitbucket (https://bitbucket.org/Feuda-lab/opsin_diptera/src/ master/) [33]. The resulting phylogenetic alignment of Rh1, Rh2 and Rh6 suggests that Rh6 is ancestral to all dipteran species including mosquitoes.…”

Section: Differential Expression Of Rhodopsins In the Compound Eye And Ocellimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Opsin paralog groups were named according to Drosophila nomenclature. Amino acid sequences of Rhodopsins were used for making the phylogenetic tree and these sequences were available either in Feuda lab on bitbucket (https://bitbucket.org/Feuda-lab/opsin_diptera/src/master/) [33] or in NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information). The Phylogenetic tree was made (by using…”

Section: Supporting Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homothorax controls a binary Rhodopsin switch in Drosophila ocelli

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Visual perception of the environment is mediated by specialized photoreceptor (PR) neurons of the eye. Each PR expresses photosensitive opsins, which are activated by a particular wavelength of light. In most insects, the visual system comprises a pair of compound eyes that are mainly associated with motion, color or polarized light detection, and a triplet of ocelli that are thought to be critical during flight to detect horizon and movements. It is widely believed that the evolutionary diversification of compound eye and ocelli in insects occurred from an ancestral visual organ around 500 million years ago. Concurrently, opsin genes were also duplicated to provide distinct spectral sensitivities to different PRs of compound eye and ocelli. In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, Rhodopsin1 (Rh1) and Rh2 are closely related opsins that originated from the duplication of a single ancestral gene. However, in the visual organs, Rh2 is uniquely expressed in ocelli whereas Rh1 is uniquely expressed in outer PRs of the compound eye. It is currently unknown how this differential expression of Rh1 and Rh2 in the two visual organs is controlled to provide unique spectral sensitivities to ocelli and compound eyes. Here, we show that Homothorax (Hth) is expressed in ocelli and confers proper rhodopsin expression. We find that Hth controls a binary Rhodopsin switch in ocelli to promote Rh2 expression and repress Rh1 expression. Genetic and molecular analysis of rh1 and rh2 supports that Hth acts through their promoters to regulate Rhodopsin expression in the ocelli. Finally, we also show that when ectopically expressed in the retina, hth is sufficient to induce Rh2 expression only at the outer PRs in a cell autonomous manner. We therefore propose that the diversification of rhodpsins in the ocelli and retinal outer PRs occurred by duplication of an ancestral gene, which is under the control of Homothorax.

show abstract

The diverging evolutionary history of opsin genes in Diptera

Cited by 2 publications

References 48 publications

Homothorax Controls a Binary Rhodopsin Switch inDrosophilaOcelli

Homothorax Controls a Binary Rhodopsin Switch inDrosophilaOcelli

Homothorax controls a binary Rhodopsin switch in Drosophila ocelli

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