The disturbance regime of an Early Holocene swamp forest in the Czech Republic, as revealed by dendroecological, pollen and macrofossil data

Šamonil, Pavel; Moravcová, Alice; Pokorný, Petr; P, Zácková; Kašpar, Jakub; Daněk, Pavel; Novák, Jan; Hájková, Petra; Adam, Dušan; Leuschner, Hanns Hubert

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.07.001

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…According to historical documents and observations of the Mordovia State Nature Reserve staff, significant wildfire evidences in the Protected Area have been recorded in 1842, 1899, 1932, 1972 and 2010 (Kuznetsov, 1960;Grishutkin, 2012). The frequency and intensity of fires has increased precisely in the last two centuries in accordance with paleoecological data (Sieber et al, 2013;Novenko et al, 2018;Šamonil et al, 2018;Stambaugh et al, 2018). The 2010 fires were especially significant, as their area was 38% of the total area of the Mordovia Reserve.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Post-fire fauna of carabid beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in forests of the Mordovia State Nature Reserve (Russia)

Ruchin¹,

Алексеев²,

Khapugin³

et al. 2019

Nat. Conserv. Res.

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Wildfires are among the basic ecological factors that change habitats and initiate the succession of new forest communities. Burned areas are ephemeral habitats presenting a broad range of ecological niches that many insect species may exploit. In 2016, we studied the carabid fauna in burned pine forests of the Mordovia State Nature Reserve (European Russia). Sixty carabid beetles in total were collected in an unburned (control) area and on sites damaged by crown fire and surface fire. Carabids were more numerous and diverse in the burned areas, compared to the unburned forest, while the catch index was significantly higher in unburned area. This was due to the extremely high dynamic density of Carabus arcensis on the control site, while it was ten times lower in the burned area. The number of carabid species tended to increase in the sequence unburned forest-forest impacted by surface fire-forest impacted by crown fire. Expectedly, species compositions were more similar between firedamaged areas, while there was a higher difference between the unburned site and area damaged by crown fire. Concerning trophic group classification, all carabid beetles were distinguished in two groups, zoophagous species and myxophytophagous species. In both groups, the species number increases in the sequence from unburned areas to the forest impacted by crown fire. Finally, the dynamic density of some carabids (e.g. Poecilus lepidus, P. versicolor, Harpalus tardus, H. rufipes, H. rubripes, Cicindela sylvatica) largely increased after fire impact, while it decreased for the most other species. Our results suggest that burning of the forest stand may support some carabid species, i.e. larger forest fire increases species richness of beetle fauna. The highest dynamic density of the carabids is maintained by a few beetle species (Carabus arcensis, C. hortensis, Pterostichus oblongopunctatus).

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Post-fire fauna of carabid beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in forests of the Mordovia State Nature Reserve (Russia)

Ruchin¹,

Алексеев²,

Khapugin³

et al. 2019

Nat. Conserv. Res.

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“…We are well aware that our findings on conifer-dominated tree Daniel et al, 2018;Dzieduszyńska et al, 2014;Friedrich et al, 2001;Kaiser et al, 2018;Reinig et al, 2018;Šamonil et al, 2018). Their scarcity can be explained by typically Applying a multiproxy-approach by using data from archaeology, paleobotany, geochronology, dendrochronology, and pedology, we were able to draw the following conclusions:…”

Section: Implications On Vegetation Reconstructionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Generally, well‐documented records of buried in situ trees in central Europe are rare, dating into both the late Pleistocene and Holocene (e.g., Achterberg, Eckstein, Birkholz, Bauerochse, & Leuschner, ; Daniel et al, ; Dzieduszyńska et al, ; Friedrich et al, ; Kaiser et al, ; Reinig et al, ; Šamonil et al, ). Their scarcity can be explained by typically incidental discovery in the course of construction, raw material extraction, and archaeological excavations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cut and covered: Subfossil trees in buried soils reflect medieval forest composition and exploitation of the central European uplands

et al. 2019

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Knowledge of historic changes in vegetation, relief, and soil is key in understanding how the uplands in central Europe have changed during the last millennium, being an essential requirement for measures on forest conversion and nature conservation in that area. Evidence of forest‐clearing horizons from the medieval period could be systematically documented at four low‐ to mid‐altitudinal sites (360–640 meters above mean sea level) in the Harz (Harz Mountains), Erzgebirge (Ore Mountains), and Českomoravská vrchovina (Bohemian‐Moravian Highlands). Subfossil trees with traces of human cutmarks and burning were recovered from buried wet‐organic soils (paleosols) within a context of mining and settlement archaeology, applying a multiproxy‐approach by using data from archaeology, paleobotany, geochronology, dendrochronology, and pedology. Tree stumps and trunks, as well as small‐scale wood remains represent an in situ record of local conifer stands (spruce, fir, and pine). Some deciduous tree taxa also occur. Dating of the tree remains yielded ages from the 10th/11th to the 13th/14th centuries A.D. After deforestation, the tree remains were buried by technogenic and alluvial–colluvial deposits. The reconstructed conifer‐dominated woodlands on wet soils mirror the local vegetation structure immediately before the medieval deforestation. As such wet sites are common in the uplands, conifers were significantly present in the natural vegetation even at mid and lower altitudes.

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“…At the same time, the precision of the dates, the annual time resolution and the annual variations of the data series are superior once a chronology has been constructed. The differences between the pollen and tree-ring records mean that many of the studies reviewed that include both proxy records present significantly longer and more coherent data series from pollen than from the tree rings (Pitkänen et al, 1999;Šamonil et al, 2018;Stančikaitë et al, 2019).…”

Section: Pollen Analysis-overview and Comparison To Tree-ring Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Integrated Use of Dendrochronological Data and Paleoecological Records From Northwest European Peatlands and Lakes for Understanding Long-Term Ecological and Climatic Changes—A Review

et al. 2022

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Our overall understanding of long-term climate dynamics is largely based on proxy data generated from archives such as ice cores, ocean sediments, tree rings, speleothems, and corals, whereas reconstructions of long-term changes in vegetation and associated climate during the Holocene are largely based on paleoecological records from peat and lake sequences, primarily pollen and plant macrofossil data. However, since no proxy can provide a complete picture of the past, it is important to integrate different types of data, and to use methods that can support the paleoecological and paleoclimatic interpretations. Here we review how tree-ring data and dendrochronological approaches can be integrated with stratigraphic records to provide complementary paleoecological and paleoclimatic information. The review includes multiproxy studies in which dendrochronological data have been either compared or integrated with stratigraphic records, mainly pollen records, with the aim to contribute to a better understanding of long-term ecosystem and climate dynamics. We mainly focus on studies from northwest Europe in which tree-ring data and at least one type of paleoecological proxy record from the same site or area has been either compared or integrated. We find that integration of dendrochronological data and paleoecological records from peat and lake sequences is a powerful but underutilized approach to reconstruct long-term ecological and climatic changes. One likely reason for its limited use is the contrasting character of the two categories of data, including their different time resolution and occurrence, making them difficult to integrate. For example, subfossil wood providing annual dendrochronological data usually only occurs sporadically in peat and lake sediments, and the presence/absence of the trees are normally expected to be recorded in the pollen data with multi-decadal or coarser resolution. Therefore, we also discuss methods to compare and integrate dendrochronological and stratigraphic records, as well as the relevant paleoecological and paleoclimatic information provided by dendrochronology, pollen, and peat stratigraphy, with the aim to facilitate new multi-proxy initiatives that will contribute to a better understanding of long-term ecosystem and climate dynamics and thereby a firmer basis for future nature conservation initiatives.

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The disturbance regime of an Early Holocene swamp forest in the Czech Republic, as revealed by dendroecological, pollen and macrofossil data

Cited by 8 publications

References 67 publications

Post-fire fauna of carabid beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in forests of the Mordovia State Nature Reserve (Russia)

Post-fire fauna of carabid beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in forests of the Mordovia State Nature Reserve (Russia)

Cut and covered: Subfossil trees in buried soils reflect medieval forest composition and exploitation of the central European uplands

The Integrated Use of Dendrochronological Data and Paleoecological Records From Northwest European Peatlands and Lakes for Understanding Long-Term Ecological and Climatic Changes—A Review

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