The distribution of the red‐cell St<sup>a</sup> (Stones) antigen among the population of Taiwan

Re, Broadberry; Fc, Chang; Ys, Jan; Lin, Min

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3148.1998.00126.x

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The distribution of the St a antigen, determined by serologic method using anti-St a , ranges from 0 to 5.2% among different populations of Taiwan [12] . Although three types of St a were identified as early as in 1991 [15] , few studies on St a and no studies focused on the sensitivity or specificity of anti-St a were carried out since then.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reports from other Asia countries such as China and Taiwan also show high frequencies, ranging from 1.63% to 5.2% [7], [11], [12]. Antibodies to St a antigen had been reported [8], [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…St a antigen is rarely found in Caucasians, but is significantly highly prevalent (6.36%) in Japan [10] . Reports from other Asia countries such as China and Taiwan also show high frequencies, ranging from 1.63% to 5.2% [7] , [11] , [12] . Antibodies to St a antigen had been reported [8] , [10] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MNSs Blood Group Glycophorin Variants in Taiwan: A Genotype-Serotype Correlation Study of ‘Mia’ and Sta with Report of Two New Alleles for Sta

Chen

Wang

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundGlycophorin variants of the MNSs blood group are important in Taiwan. For more than 20 years, screening for the most frequent irregular antibody, anti-‘Mia’, has been conducted by using ‘Mia’(+) RBCs, with a significant success. However, the sensitivity and the specificity of this screening strategy have never been validated, and the true incidences of different glycophorin variants in Taiwan have been in controversy. Also, the significance of another less frequent and usually separately reported variant, Sta, has never been evaluated.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe ran a population-based screening (from unselected patients in our hospital) for MNSs blood group glycophorin variants by PCR-sequencing method. GP.Mur (Mil.III) was confirmed by sequence from 57 out of 1027 samples (5.6%), and there was no other Miltenberger subtype glycophorin variant found. Glycophorin variant Sta was found from 35 out of 1027 samples (3.4%). In contrast to anti-‘Mia’, which is the most frequently identified irregular antibody in Taiwan, the prevalence of anti-Sta was only 0.13% as determined by serologic method. In addition, two new alleles for Sta were found and reported.Conclusion/SignificanceWe confirm the long-standing assumption that GP.Mur is the only prevalent Miltenberger subtype in Taiwan. The current anti-‘Mia’ screening method used in Taiwan, although neither sensitive nor specific, is still a suitable practice. Although Sta antigen has a high prevalence in Taiwan, routine screening for anti-Sta is not warranted based on current evidence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reports from other Asia countries such as China and Taiwan also show high frequencies, ranging from 1.63% to 5.2% [7], [11], [12]. Antibodies to St a antigen had been reported [8], [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MNSs Blood Group Glycophorin Variants in Taiwan: A Genotype-Serotype Correlation Study of ‘Mia’ and Sta with Report of Two New Alleles for Sta

Chen

Wang

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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“…GP.Mur was reported with a mean frequency of 7·3% among the Taiwan Chinese ethnic group and with the highest reported frequency of 88·4% in the Taiwanese indigenous ethnic groups . St a is also reported with a frequency of 1·63–5·2% (with higher frequency of 5·2% in Chinese Hakka) and GP.Hil with a frequency of 0·38% using the serological typing or the genotyping methods (such as PCR‐RFLP ). A term ‘Mia’ is used as a collective term for most of the antigens associated with the variant hybrid glycophorins, which is easily confused with the specific Mi a antigen (MNS007) recognized by ISBT .…”

Section: Mns Hybrid Glycophorinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red blood cell genotyping in China

Schoot

2016

ISBT Science Series

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The common antigens of ABO, Rh, MNS, Duffy, Kidd, Diego, Yt and Dombrock blood group systems have a polymorphic distribution in the Chinese population. The Mur antigen and anti‐Mur are more common in the Chinese Han and some minority groups in the southern region of China. Except for the common ABO alleles (A101, A102, B101, O01 and O02), more than 100 new alleles have been reported in the Chinese population, in which the effect of many critical mutations on the variant expression of A and B antigens still needs to be investigated. For RHD genotyping, only 6% of Chinese D+ people were heterozygous for the RHD gene with Dd genotype. Compared with the complete deletion of the RHD gene accounting for D‐ phenotype in the Caucasian population, 20–40% of the Chinese individuals with D‐ phenotype carry RHD variant alleles. Among them, ‘Asian type’ DEL allele (RHD*DEL1 defined by 1227G>A, Lys409Lys) is the most common variant and is classified as D‐, and it can only be identified by absorption/elution testing, which is not routinely conducted. Several studies indicated that the Chinese pregnant women with ‘Asian type’ DEL allele were not immunized by the incompatible pregnancy, which suggested that the ‘Asian type’ DEL recipient could receive D+ blood safely. Weak D type 15 and DVI type 3 are the most common RHD variant alleles, accounting for more than 70% of RhD variants in the Chinese population. In addition, the genotyping analysis for the rare null phenotypes, including the para‐Bombay, Jk(a‐b‐), Lu(a‐b‐), p, Rhnull and KELnull phenotypes, are also summarized.

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“…1b). Although extremely rare in Caucasians and Africans, the St a antigen occurs with relatively high frequency among Asians [23,24]. The GP(B-A) hybrid known as GP.Sch is the most commonly identified among St(a+) individuals with trypsin-resistant 'N' antigen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel hybrid genes and a splice site mutation encoding the St^a antigen among Japanese blood donors

et al. 2020

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Background The low-incidence antigen St a of the MNS system is usually associated with the GP(B-A) hybrid molecule, which carries the 'N' antigen at the N terminus. The GP(A-A) molecule with trypsin-resistant M antigen has been found in a few St(a+) individuals. Materials and Methods Among Japanese blood donors, we screened 24 292 individuals for the presence of St(a+) with trypsin-resistant 'N' antigen and 193 009 individuals for the presence of St(a+) with trypsin-resistant M antigen. The breakpoints responsible for the St a antigen were analysed by sequencing the genomic DNAs. Results A total of 1001 (4Á1%) individuals were identified as St(a+) with trypsinresistant 'N' antigen. Out of 1001 individuals, 115 were selected randomly for sequencing. Two novel GYP*Sch (GYP*401) variants with new intron 3 breakpoints of GYPA were detected in three cases. Twenty-five (0Á013%) individuals were identified as St(a+) with trypsin-resistant M antigen. Five individuals had the GYP(A-wB-A) hybrid allele; two of these five individuals were GYP*Zan (GYP*101.01), and the remaining three had a novel GYP(A-wB-A) allele with the first breakpoint in GYPA exon A3 between c.178 and c.203. Nine individuals had a novel GYP(A-E-A) allele with GYPE exon E2 and pseudoexon E3 instead of GYPA exon A2 and A3. The 11 remaining individuals had a novel GYP(A-A) allele with a 9-bp deletion that included the donor splice site of intron 3 of GYPA. Conclusion Our finding on diversity of glycophorin genes responsible for St a antigen provides evidence for further complexity in the MNS system.

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The distribution of the red‐cell St^a (Stones) antigen among the population of Taiwan

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

MNSs Blood Group Glycophorin Variants in Taiwan: A Genotype-Serotype Correlation Study of ‘Mia’ and Sta with Report of Two New Alleles for Sta

MNSs Blood Group Glycophorin Variants in Taiwan: A Genotype-Serotype Correlation Study of ‘Mia’ and Sta with Report of Two New Alleles for Sta

Red blood cell genotyping in China

Novel hybrid genes and a splice site mutation encoding the St^a antigen among Japanese blood donors

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The distribution of the red‐cell Sta (Stones) antigen among the population of Taiwan

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

MNSs Blood Group Glycophorin Variants in Taiwan: A Genotype-Serotype Correlation Study of ‘Mia’ and Sta with Report of Two New Alleles for Sta

MNSs Blood Group Glycophorin Variants in Taiwan: A Genotype-Serotype Correlation Study of ‘Mia’ and Sta with Report of Two New Alleles for Sta

Red blood cell genotyping in China

Novel hybrid genes and a splice site mutation encoding the Sta antigen among Japanese blood donors

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Resources

About

The distribution of the red‐cell St^a (Stones) antigen among the population of Taiwan

Novel hybrid genes and a splice site mutation encoding the St^a antigen among Japanese blood donors