The distribution of the glycosaminoglycans in the anatomic components of the lung and the changes in concentration of these macromolecules during development and aging

Hyaluronan in the Human Neonatal Lung: Association with Gestational Age and Other Perinatal Factors

“…A decreasing fetal lung hyaluronan concentration with advancing gestational age would be in accordance with the reported role of hyaluronan during fetal lung development, in which period high concentrations in lung tissue have been found [1]. Schmid et al [9] noted that in postmortem lung samples, the hyaluronan concentration, determined by two-dimensional electrophoresis, was higher in preterm infants (n = 3) than in children and young adults (n = 3). To our knowledge, no other report of the hyaluronan concentration in the human lung during the perinatal period has been published previously.…”

“…To our knowledge, there is only one previous report on the lung hyaluronan concentration in human infants [9]. In that study, this concentration and the gestational age in 3 infants who died during the neonatal period were reported, but no further clinical details were given.…”

Urinary Glycosaminoglycan Levels Are Increased in Acute Severe Asthma – a Role for Eosinophil-Derived Gelatinase B?

“…Normal kid ney function in all subjects was indicated by serum creati nine levels in the normal range. The predominant urinary GAGs were chondroitin/dermatan sulphate, which might indicate the bronchi as the site of proteoglycan degradation [11]. On the fourth morning following the commencement of oral steroid therapy, urinary GAG levels were not lower, despite a significant improvement in lung function.…”

Nebulized hypertonic saline containing hyaluronic acid improves tolerability in patients with cystic fibrosis and lung disease compared with nebulized hypertonic saline alone: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled study

“…It is possible that the hydration effect of the HA present in Hyaneb plays a major role in increasing the hydration of the airways, thus reducing the adverse effects due to HS alone. By regulating fluid balance in the interstitium through it high water-binding capacity, HA facilitates ventilation and gas exchange [Schmid et al 1982]. In addition, by mitigating the actions of human neutrophil elastase and human macrophage metalloelastase in animal models of pulmonary emphysema, HA may exert a protective effect on the airways [Turino and Cantor, 2003].…”