The distribution of substitutional alloying elements during the bainite transformation

Stark, I.; Smith, George Adam; Bhadeshia, H. K. D. H.

doi:10.1007/bf02656567

Cited by 52 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The X-ray analysis also revealed a considerable supersaturation of carbon in the bainitic ferrite [1][2][3][4]. Similar supersaturation has been measured previously using atom probe analysis [6,7] and convergent beam electron diffraction analysis [8] in low-carbon steels. This supersaturation was attributed to the trapping of carbon at the dislocations [5] in the bainitic ferrite.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Three-dimensional atom probe analysis of carbon distribution in low-temperature bainite

et al. 2004

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A bainitic microstructure with fine ferrite plates (20 to 40 nm) in a matrix of high-carbon retained austenite, obtained by isothermal transformation at 200°C, was characterized with an energy-compensated optical position-sensitive three-dimensional atom probe. The average carbon concentration in the austenite was found to be 8.0±1.6 at.% and in the bainitic ferrite 1.1±0.7 at.%. The latter concentration is much higher than expected from paraequilibrium between austenite and ferrite, and the austenite carbon concentration is found to be slightly higher than the T 0 limit.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Three-dimensional atom probe analysis of carbon distribution in low-temperature bainite

et al. 2004

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“…%, higher than the corresponding XRD and o T  (7.0 at. %) values and less than the 3 Ae value (20.7 at. %).…”

Section: O T  Curve During Bainite Formationmentioning

confidence: 65%

Opening previously impossible avenues for phase transformation in innovative steels by atom probe tomography

Caballero

Miller

García‐Mateo

2014

Materials Science and Technology

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After decades of debate on the mechanism for the formation of bainite, it is accepted that bainite grows via a displacive mechanism i.e., as plate-shaped transformation products exhibiting an invariant plane strain surface relief effect. But there is still much discussion on the diffusion or diffusionless nature of bainite. The purpose of this atom probe tomography study was to track the atom distributions during the bainite reaction in steels with different carbon and silicon contents. The steels were transformed over a wide range of temperatures (200-525 ºC) to elucidate the role of reaction rate and diffusion in the formation of bainite with and without cementite precipitation.

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“…It is worth mentioning that the composition of phases was determined in the volumes free of visible carbon segregation, such as clusters, atmospheres at dislocations, and boundaries. Thus, the remaining supersaturation in carbon compared to the paraequilibrium value could not be explained, as proposed previously by Stark et al, [47] by the trapping of carbon at dislocations. However, it could be considered that trapping still takes place, but the levels of carbon at dislocations are much lower than those of Cottrell atmospheres and, thus, are not identifiable by APT.…”

Section: Atom Probe Analysismentioning

confidence: 66%

Understanding the Behavior of Advanced High-Strength Steels Using Atom Probe Tomography

Pereloma

Beladi

Zhang

et al. 2011

Metall Mater Trans A

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The key evidence for understanding the mechanical behavior of advanced high strength steels was provided by atom probe tomography (APT). Chemical overstabilization of retained austenite (RA) leading to the limited transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect was deemed to be the main factor responsible for the low ductility of nanostructured bainitic steel. Appearance of the yield point on the stress-strain curve of prestrained and bake-hardened transformationinduced plasticity steel is due to the unlocking from weak carbon atmospheres of newly formed during prestraining dislocations.

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The distribution of substitutional alloying elements during the bainite transformation

Cited by 52 publications

References 14 publications

Three-dimensional atom probe analysis of carbon distribution in low-temperature bainite

Three-dimensional atom probe analysis of carbon distribution in low-temperature bainite

Opening previously impossible avenues for phase transformation in innovative steels by atom probe tomography

Understanding the Behavior of Advanced High-Strength Steels Using Atom Probe Tomography

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