The distribution of pepsinogen within the abomasa of cattle and sheep infected with Ostertagia spp. and sheep infected with Haemonchus contortus

Histopathological and Parasitological Study of Blood-Sucking Haemonchus contortus Infection in Sheep

“…To compensate the acute or chronic losses of plasma proteins and haemoglobin increased rate of RBC production occur results in depletion of iron stores leads to iron deficiency anaemia. In addition, diarrhoea results in fluid loss and dehydration leads to hypovolaemic shock (Scott et al, 1999;Mir et al, Zacharias et al, 2008;Kelkele et al, 2012). Liver showed degeneration of hepatocyte and mononuclear cell infiltration which has cause hypoproteinemia, anemia, and finally hypoxia condition.…”

A comparative study on clinical pathology changes in experimentally infected sheep with active and arrested larvae of Haemonchus contortus

“…Although, many studies have been carried out to investigate the clinical pathologic changes in small ruminants infected by infective larvae of H. contortus (Abbott et al 1984;Pérez et al 2002;Scott et al 1999), the clinical pathologic aspects of infection with arrested larvae of H. contortus have not been studied. The effects of hypobiosis on the epidemiology of gastrointestinal helminthes are complex and investigation of this phenomenon will present greater knowledge on parasitic disease (Ameen et al 2006;Rowe et al 2008).…”

Trends and challenges in the effective and sustainable control ofHaemonchus contortusinfection in sheep. Review

“…H. contortus is known to produce calcium and a clotting factor binding substance known as calreticulin (Suchitra & Joshi, 2005), enabling the parasite to feed easily on host blood and in so doing, cause haemorrhagic lesions. Studies of field parasitism and experimental larval infestations have also identified the morphological and physiological effects of abomasal nematodes: nodule development, mucous cell hyperplasia, superficial epithelial damage, reduced acid secretion and increased serum gastrin and pepsinogen concentrations (Simpson, 1997;Scott et al, 1999). When both internal and external conditions are favourable, the pre-patent period for H. contortus in sheep is between two and three weeks.…”