The distribution of intraocular pressure and associated systemic factors in a Korean population: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Abstract

ABSTRACT.Purpose: To investigate the distribution of intraocular pressure (IOP) and its associated factors in a large Korean population based on the data from the nationwide cross-sectional survey. Methods: We obtained 2009-2010 data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) (n = 17 901). After excluding individuals under 19 years of age, a total of 13 431 subjects were enrolled. All participants completed a comprehensive questionnaire and underwent an ocular examination including measurement of IOP by Goldmann applanation tonometry, as well as a systemic evaluation including blood pressure measurements, anthropometry and blood tests. Results: The mean IOP in the right eye was 13.99 AE 2.75 mmHg, and in the left eye, 13.99 AE 2.75 mmHg, representing no significant bilateral difference. There was, however, a significant difference between males (14.19 AE 2.78 mmHg) and females (13.79 AE 2.70 mmHg) (p < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed that higher IOP was significantly correlated with male sex, higher myopic refractive error, higher body mass index, higher systolic blood pressure, higher fasting plasma glucose and higher total cholesterol (all p < 0.05). On the other hand, age, histories of smoking or migraine or cold hands/feet were not significantly correlated with IOP (all p > 0.05). Conclusions: In the general Korean population, IOP increases with male sex and increasing myopia. Further, IOP is significantly correlated with systemic factors relating to cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome.

Age-Related Association of Refractive Error with Intraocular Pressure in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

“…However, we found no significant association between age and IOP, in accordance with another Korean population based study by Kim et al [10]. The possible reason for the inconsistent results between studies is that the inclusion criteria and the adjusting factors are different between studies.…”

“…Regarding refractive error, a negative association with IOP has been reported in several studies [10], [15], [16]. Myopia has emerged as a major health issue worldwide, and its prevalence has increased rapidly in the past few decades, particularly in East Asia [17]–[21].…”

Ocular Findings of Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 in the Korean Population

“…When we applied the same criteria as that of the former study, our patients showed a lower rate of myopia (46 %) and a higher rate of hyperopia (41 %) compared to the study by Yoon et al Bollinger et al [18] suggested that the high prevalence of hyperopia might be related to low IOP, although the authors failed to show a relationship between the degree of hypotony and hyperopia. The mean IOP among our patients (8.74 ± 3.54 mmHg) was also lower than that of the general Korean population (13.99 ± 2.75 mmHg) [21].…”

Apolipoprotein B: novel indicator of elevated intraocular pressure

“…15,25 In this study, univariate regression showed a negative correlation between HDL-C and IOP but a positive correlation between LDL-C and IOP, which are consistent with the findings of a recent study. 26 Even though multivariate regression analysis adjusted for age, BMI, SBP, and DBP showed a negative correlation between HDL-C and IOP, a positive correlation between LDL-C and IOP, previous studies differ markedly regarding the natures of the correlations between IOP and HDL-C or LDL-C, and thus, additional studies are needed to clarify the situation.…”