The distribution of<i>Coccidioides immitis</i>in the soil in El Paso, Texas

Duran, F.; Robertstad, Gordon W.; Donowho, E.

doi:10.1080/00362177385190301

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In addition to land cover above, we calculated distance to water which has been associated with burrows in an arid region. 27 In Arizona, while waterways may be dry for most of the year, they serve as wildlife thoroughfares and represent more natural habitat within a city. Distance to wetland (km) was measured from an individual’s residence or from the aggregation unit’s centroid to the nearest wetland identified in the US Fish and Wildlife shapefile.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Scale in Environmental Risk Mapping: A Valley Fever Case Study

Brown

Khan

et al. 2017

Journal of Public Health Research

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BackgroundValley fever is a fungal infection occurring in desert regions of the U.S. and Central and South America. Environmental risk mapping for this disease is hampered by challenges with detection, case reporting, and diagnostics as well as challenges common to spatial data handling.Design and methods.Using 12,349 individual cases in Arizona from 2006 to 2009, we analyzed risk factors at both the individual and area levels.Results.Risk factors including elderly population, income status, soil organic carbon, and density of residential area were found to be positively associated with residence of Valley fever cases. A negative association was observed for distance to desert and pasture/hay land cover. The association between incidence and two land cover variables (shrub and cultivated crop lands) varied depending on the spatial scale of the analysis.ConclusionsThe consistence of age, income, population density, and proximity to natural areas supports that these are important predictors of Valley fever risk. However, the inconsistency of the land cover variables across scales highlights the importance of how scale is treated in risk mapping.Significance for public healthWith the increasing use of spatially explicit data in public health comes uncertainty related to spatial resolution, data compatibility at different scales, and appropriate model selection. Using soil-borne Valley fever, we quantify how risk mapping changes by scale and provide advice on how to assess and explore uncertainty within an analysis.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Scale in Environmental Risk Mapping: A Valley Fever Case Study

Brown

Khan

et al. 2017

Journal of Public Health Research

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“…The peak of interest in the ecology and natural history of Coccidioides occurred from 1950 to 1970, which coincided with the development of direct plating isolation method and reduced the need for animal inoculation for isolation of Coccidioides from soil. [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] Several developments enabled the refinement of this methodology: (1) In 1951, Georg et al discovered that adding actidione (cycloheximide) to Sabouraud dextrose agar inhibited growth of saprotrophic competitors and promoted isolation of Coccidioides from mixed clinical and environmental samples. 39 (2) Swatek and his colleagues demonstrated that the use of yeast extract agar instead of the more glucose rich Sabouraud's agar further inhibited growth of some nonspecific soil fungi, while supporting growth of Coccidioides.…”

Section: History Of Environmental and Epidemiological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coccidioidesecology and genomics

et al. 2019

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Although the natural history and ecology of Coccidioides spp. have been studied for over 100 years, many fundamental questions about this fungus remain unanswered. Two of the most challenging aspects of the study of Coccidioides have been the undefined ecological niche and the outdated geographic distribution maps dating from midcentury. This review details the history of Coccidioides ecological research, and discusses current strategies and advances in understanding Coccidioides genetics and ecology.

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