The distribution of clones in managed and unmanaged populations of wild cherry (<i>Prunus avium</i>)

Ducci, Fulvio; Santi, Frédérique

doi:10.1139/x97-159

Cited by 27 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Wild cherry, Prunus avium (L.) (Rosaceae), is used as a timber species and occurs in Europe, Western Asia and Northern Africa (Ducci and Santi, 1997) in mixed deciduous forests. The species is light-demanding and individuals are scattered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pollen is dispersed by bees, and seeds by gravity and birds, resulting in low dispersal distances (Granger, 2004;Schueler, 2005;Stoeckel, 2006) and consequently in significant spatial genetic structure (Vaughan et al, 2007b;. Vegetative propagation through rootsuckering commonly occurs and, as a consequence, clusters of clonal individuals can be identified within the stands (Ducci and Santi, 1997;Schueler, 2005;Schueler et al, 2006;Vaughan et al, 2007a;. Although mating patterns have been extensively studied (Schueler, 2005;Stoeckel, 2006;Cottrell et al, 2009), their effect on offspring fitness has not been studied yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular and quantitative signatures of biparental inbreeding depression in the self-incompatible tree species Prunus avium

2012

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Genetic diversity strongly influences populations' adaptability to changing environments and therefore survival. Sustainable forest management practices have multiple roles including conservation of genetic resources and timber production. In this study, we aimed at better understanding the variation in genetic diversity among adult and offspring individuals, and the effects of mating system on offspring survival and growth in wild cherry, Prunus avium. We analysed adult trees and open pollinated seed-families from three stands in Germany at eight microsatellite loci and one incompatibility system locus and conducted paternity analyses. Seed viability testing and seed sowing in a nursery allowed further testing for the effects of pollen donor diversity and genetic similarity between mates on the offspring performance at the seed and seedling stages. Our results were contrasting across stands. Loss of genetic diversity from adult to seedling stages and positive effect of mate diversity on offspring performance occurred in one stand only, whereas biparental inbreeding depression and significant decrease in fixation index from adults to seedlings was detected in two stands. We discussed the effects of stand genetic diversity on the magnitude of biparental inbreeding depression at several life-stages and its consequences on the management of genetic resources in P. avium.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and quantitative signatures of biparental inbreeding depression in the self-incompatible tree species Prunus avium

2012

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“…Secondo la densità e l'ampiezza delle popolazioni nelle differenti stazioni, sono stati esaminati in media 20 individui per provenienza, posti ad almeno 50 -80 m di distanza tra loro per evitare di campionare polloni radicali (Ghani & Cahalan 1991, Frascaria et al 1993, Ducci & Santi 1997. Le caratteristiche bioecologiche del ciliegio selvatico, specie a distribuzione sparsa, limitano la possibilità di campionare un ampio numero di piante adulte per ciascuna popolazione, contrariamente a quanto avviene per piante a comportamento sociale.…”

Section: La Popolazione DI Riferimentounclassified

“…A conferma di quanto sopra, la diversità tende ad aumentare nel ciliegio quando le popolazioni si rarefanno ed entrano a far parte di ecosistemi più maturi e complessi (Santi 1988, Santi & Lemoine 1990, Daniel 1991, Frascaria et al 1993. Le popolazioni francesi, ad esempio, pur occupando nicchie ecologiche simili alle nostre, presentano un numero maggiore di individui, sono più disetanee, sono in fasi della successione ecologica più avanzate e sono sottoposte a trattamenti selvicolturali adeguati, presentando così indicatori di diversità migliori (Ducci & Santi 1997). Al contrario le popolazioni italiane, compresa quella di Monte Baldo, spesso situate ai margini della foresta, nei pascoli o in ex coltivi dove, grazie alla capacità pollonifera, tendono a colonizzare velocemente gli spazi liberi, sono caratterizzate frequentemente da stadi evolutivi giovanili.…”

Section: La Popolazione DI Partenzaunclassified

“…In ambiente mediterraneo non è possibile identificare popolazioni pure, estese e continue di P. avium, ma solo piccoli gruppi (costituiti generalmente da poche piante madri e dai loro polloni radicali), o piante isolate (Ducci et al 1988, Pryor 1988, Santi 1988, Frascaria et al 1993, Ducci & Santi 1997. In natura, infatti, il ciliegio selvatico può presentare due diversi comportamenti: nei primi stadi successionali può essere una specie colonizzatrice, propagandosi rapidamente per polloni radicali, mentre in ecosistemi forestali più maturi (vicini al climax), partecipa alla formazione di cenosi miste, grazie alla disseminazione zoocora del seme (Gliddon et al 1987).…”

Section: Introduzioneunclassified

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Management of genetic resources in the nursery system of wild cherry (Prunus aviumL.)

Proietti¹,

Ducci²,

Guerri³

et al. 2006

Forest@

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Management of genetic resources in the nursery system of wild cherry (Prunus avium L.).Knowledge of genetic and adaptive traits of reproductive materials used in the nursery system of wild cherry, could be an useful instrument to improve ecological and economic sustainability of plantation ecosystems. This work reports results from a research which the objectives were: 1) to study the genetic variation of a Prunus avium L. population, used for seed harvesting, through its multi-locus genotypes detected by starch gel electrophoresis; 2) to analyze the level of genetic variation within and among different steps in a commercial nursery system (basic population and sub-populations, seedlings aged S 1 T 1 and S 1 T 2 , plantation). Results showed low genetic variation levels of the basic population, similar to a reference system of other 12 wild cherry Italian populations and to other French and Caucasian materials. The genetic distances among Monte Baldo and some closer Lombardy provenances (Area Garda, Bosco Fontana, Valtellina) were smaller than the Venice Region populations (Monti Lessini and Asiago). Number of alleles and percentage of polymorphic loci within the complex of Monte Baldo provenance and multiplication materials were similar, whilst a variable value of Fis was noted. Indeed, along with the nursery system until the plantation, heterozygosis initially (S 1 T 1 ) increased, then decreased proceeding to the plantation. This fluctuation of F IS values could be determined by seed lots characterized initially by higher levels of variation, due to self-incompatibility. In the following steps, a possible selection pressure can affect randomly the genotypic structure of wild cherry by increasing the homozygosity. There is not among population a well defined geographic characterization, as suggested by genetic distances, therefore homogeneous seed harvest could be established an area larger than geographic and administrative borders. On this way we could have reproductive material with a wide genetic base and environmental adaptability. To increase variability in the progenies, populations characterised by wider cross pollination rates should be selected, harvest seed by all plants of population, reduce selection on seedlings during nursery growth.Keywords: P. avium, Nursery system, Genetic variation, Isozymes. Introduzione L'adattabilità e la sostenibilità di un ecosistema naturale o artificiale è legato al livello di diversità in esso presente (Namkoong 1998, Tessier du Cros et al. 2000. Questa assume grande importanza nelle specie forestali poiché, a causa della lunghezza del loro ciclo biologico, sono maggiormente esposte a rischi determinati dall'ambiente circostante. Un'ampia variabilità genetica conferisce alle popolazioni naturali ed alle piantagioni migliore plasticità evolutiva e di adattamento ai possibili cambiamenti ambientali, sia biotici che abiotici.Il mantenimento di sufficienti livelli di variabilità è, quindi, uno degli elementi principali che deve considerare chi opera in vivaisti...

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Mating patterns and pollen dispersal in four contrasting wild cherry populations (Prunus avium L.)

et al. 2011

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Although pollen dispersal has been extensively studied in trees, parameters influencing between-population variation are still poorly understood. In this study, we conducted paternity analyses on open-pollinated seeds in four natural populations of wild cherry (Prunus avium) with contrasting density and clonal propagation, using eight microsatellite loci and one self-incompatibility system locus. We also measured four quantitative traits and spatial positions as potential correlates of reproductive success. Levels of polyandry differed among populations and 30% of the seed families exhibited unequal paternal contributions, suggesting variation in reproductive success rather than variation in mate availability. Mating occurred preferentially among neighbours in all populations, suggesting that it is a common pattern in wild cherry and probably results from pollinator behaviour. Paternal success was positively correlated with diameter at breast height, as indicated in previous studies and tree dominance only resulted in higher paternal success in low density plots. Mating patterns were thus also affected by both density and tree size. Large-scale studies are needed to disentangle relative influences of these factors on the mating system and pollination success.

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The distribution of clones in managed and unmanaged populations of wild cherry (Prunus avium)

Cited by 27 publications

References 6 publications

Molecular and quantitative signatures of biparental inbreeding depression in the self-incompatible tree species Prunus avium

Molecular and quantitative signatures of biparental inbreeding depression in the self-incompatible tree species Prunus avium

Management of genetic resources in the nursery system of wild cherry (Prunus aviumL.)

Mating patterns and pollen dispersal in four contrasting wild cherry populations (Prunus avium L.)

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