The Distribution of C3 and C4 Photosynthetic Species of the Centrospermeae Along an Altitudinal Gradient in Western Kenya

Spatial heterogeneity in ecosystem structure and productivity in a moist Kenyan savanna

“…In Kenya, this transition occurs at an altitude of around 2,000-3,000 m a.s.l. (Tieszen et al 1979;Sikolia et al 2009) an indication that in our study plots (1,400 m, with mean daily maximum temperatures of 30°C), the dominant C 4 grass, T. triandra was favored. The greater N cost of photosynthesis in C 3 plants, as demonstrated by high tissue N content in the abandoned plot vegetation could limit allocation of as much N to other plant processes such as root or leaf production (Brown 1978).…”

Phytochemical composition of some common coastal halophytes of the United Arab Emirates

“…lauric acid and aromatic compounds from the bark of grey mangrove tree (Avicennia marina) and different terpenoids from essential oils of S. portulacastrum and S. annua, which are known as effective antiseptic compounds. (Kocacinar and Sage, 2003;Lonard and Judd, 1997;Sikolia, 2009); Avicenniaceae from (Ball, 2009); Zygophyllaceae from (Sage, 2005 (Chung et al, 2005;Lellau and Liebezeit, 2001). …”

Ecological Implications Of The ẟ13c Values of Plant Species Growing in Natural Environment, Greenhouse and Plant Respired Carbon Dioxide (Captured as Carbonate)

“…Studies have shown that the isotope fractionation of carbon formed during photosynthesis in a given plant species differs significantly based on the nature and pattern of photosynthesis of the species [3] [5] [8] [11] [19]. Plants promote the isotopic fractionation of carbon dioxide atmospheric source during photosynthesis, such that the lighter isotope ( 12 C) is favoured than heavier isotope ( 13 C).…”

“…Knowledge of the ẟ 13 C values is mainly derived from studies of the monocots. However, the degree of carbon isotopic fractionation in the dicot species require more ẟ 13 C value data from diverse climatic conditions for comprehensive and ecological comparison [8]. Stable carbon isotopes ratios (ẟ 13 C) of terrestrial plants are employed across a diverse range of applications in environmental and plant sciences; however, the kind of information that is desired from the ẟ 13 C signals often differs [9].…”

“…Stable carbon isotopes ratios (ẟ 13 C) of terrestrial plants are employed across a diverse range of applications in environmental and plant sciences; however, the kind of information that is desired from the ẟ 13 C signals often differs [9]. Further, ẟ 13 C values have been used to solve scientific problems, for example, to trace the flow of carbon as differential dietary inputs (Hobson, 1999[12]), follow the transport of carbon across ecosystems (Conte and Weber, 2002[13]; Ehleringer, Cerling and Dearing, 2002 [14]), address forensic problems such as determining the origin of illicit drugs (Carter, Titterton, Murray and Sleeman 2002 [15]), trace the origin of infectious microbial source (Kreuzer-Martin, Lott, Dorigan and Ehleringer 2003 [16]), Kreuzer-Martin, Chesson, Lott, Dorigan and Ehleringer2004 [17]), fingerprints of biological agents as forensic tool (Horita and Vass, 2003[18]) and differentiating between C 3 and C 4 dicot species of the Centrospermeae families and understanding climatic factors affecting their distribution along altitudinal gradient in Kenya [3] [8]. Thus, at the extremes, the ẟ 13 C value applications ranges between diverse and dynamic field of studies in the society and not only pure environmental and biological criteria [9].…”