The Distribution of Boron in Pure Iron

Brown, A.M.; Garnish, J. D.; Honeycombe, R. W. K.

doi:10.1179/msc.1974.8.1.317

Cited by 52 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…tate was observed in B steel. However, no Fe 23 (C,B) 6 precipitate was observed in Nb-B and Mo-B steels. TiN and fine dispersive precipitates with about 10 to 30 nm in length along the prior g grain boundaries or in the prior g grains were observed in Nb-B and Mo-B steels.…”

Section: Microstructure Observation Of Rolling Platesmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…[9][10][11][12][13] The role of the combined addition of Nb and B was investigated and summarized as follows. The recrystallization stop temperature of g is elevated by the combined addition of Nb and B. Coarse B precipitates Fe 23 (CB) 6 were suppressed and the segregated B increased along the g grain boundary, as a results, g to a transformation is suppressed. It is assumed that the coarse B precipitates, that is Fe 23 (CB) 6 , are suppressed because strain induced precipitation of niobium carbide (NbC) or titanium carbide (TiC) reduces the supply of C required for these precipitates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recrystallization stop temperature of g is elevated by the combined addition of Nb and B. Coarse B precipitates Fe 23 (CB) 6 were suppressed and the segregated B increased along the g grain boundary, as a results, g to a transformation is suppressed. It is assumed that the coarse B precipitates, that is Fe 23 (CB) 6 , are suppressed because strain induced precipitation of niobium carbide (NbC) or titanium carbide (TiC) reduces the supply of C required for these precipitates. 14) Hardenability due to the combined addition of Mo and B was also investigated by Karlsson et al 15) and one of the authors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, it is well known that hardenability remarkably increases through the addition of boron. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Moreover, B has been utilized in controlled-rolled steels. Low C bainitic steels and ultra low C bainitic steels have been developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanism for the increase in the segregated boron along the g grain boundary by these combined additions is considered below. Fe 23 (C, B) 6 precipitates formed along the g grain boundary are suppressed by these combined additions because of the suppression of C diffusion towards the g grain boundary due to the precipitation of the fine dispersive niobium-titanium carbonnitride (Nb, Ti)(C, N) or titanium-molybdenum carbonnitride (Ti, Mo)(C, N) and the formation of C clusters of Nb and Mo during rolling or during cooling after rolling. Therefore, the segregated B along the g grain boundary increases and g to a transformation is retarded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Role of Combined Addition of Niobium and Boron and of Molybdenum and Boron on Hardnenability in Low Carbon Steels

et al. 2004

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Section: Microstructure Observation Of Rolling Platesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Role of Combined Addition of Niobium and Boron and of Molybdenum and Boron on Hardnenability in Low Carbon Steels

et al. 2004

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A Review of Scalable Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h‐BN) Synthesis for Present and Future Applications

Naclerio

Kidambi

2022

Advanced Materials

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Ga-N, In-P, etc. Crystalline BN has typically been perceived as a purely synthetic material, [1] however geological findings provide evidence of structures similar to BN in rocks. [2] BN exhibits several stable crystal forms (see Figure 1A), for example, i) sp 3 bonded cubic and wurtzite forms; and ii) sp 2 bonded hexagonal and rhombohedral forms. [3] The cubic BN (c-BN) form has "zincblende" type crystal structure consisting of overlapping fcc cubic lattices consisting of B and N atoms. The c-BN crystal structure is analogous to that of diamond. The wurtzite form of BN (w-BN) is also sp 3 bonded like c-BN, however the wurtzite form consists of a hexagonal lattice with each ring sitting in a boat configuration. The w-BN crystal structure is analogous to that of the rare lonsdaleite, a carbon allotrope formed from graphite under immense heat and pressure. [4] Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is a layered hexagonal crystal (a = 2.505 Å and c = 6.653 Å) belonging to the P6 3 /mmc space group with a structure analogous to that of graphite. [11,12] Alternating B and N atoms are sp 2 bonded in-plane to form a hexagonal lattice and several such layers are stacked to form the bulk h-BN crystal (Figure 1B). [11,12] The BN sp 2 bonding results in strong in-plane σ bonds leading to high in-plane thermal conductivity, chemical stability and strength, while empty π orbitals make h-BN electrically insulating (bandgap ≈ 5.955 eV). [3,13] The in-plane BN bonds exhibit ionic behavior due to the stronger electronegativity of the N atoms and results in layer to layer interactions between h-BN layers leading to AA′ stacking configuration, that is, each N atom in one layer is directly above the B atoms of the next layer (Figure 1B). [14] In addition to AA′ stacking, AB stacking (Bernal stacking) has also been occasionally observed in thin h-BN films even though this is a higher energy configuration. [15,5] Finally, BN is also observed in rhombohedral form (r-BN). Each layer of r-BN is the same crystal structure as that of h-BN (Figure 1A), however r-BN follows an ABC stacking configuration whereby boron still sits atop nitrogen atoms, except layers are offset such that the 1 and 3 atoms (N and N for example) sit atop the 4 and 6 atoms (B and B in this example) of the ring below. [3] Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is a layered inorganic synthetic crystal exhibiting high temperature stability and high thermal conductivity. As a ceramic material it has been widely used for thermal management, heat shielding, lubrication, and as a filler material for structural composites. Recent scientific advances in isolating atomically thin monolayers from layered van der Waals crystals to study their unique properties has propelled research interest in mono/few layered h-BN as a wide bandgap insulating support for nanoscale electronics, tunnel barriers, communications, neutron detectors, optics, sensing, novel separations, quantum emission from defects, among others. Realizing these futuristic applications hinges on scalable cost-effective high-qual...

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Segregation of phosphorus and boron in austenite in Fe-10%Mn-P-B-alloys

Paju

Grabke

1989

Steel Research

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Equilibrium segregation of phosphorus at the grain boundaries of austenite has been studied in Fe–10%Mn–P–B‐alloys. The samples were equilibrated at temperatures of 750–1100°C and analysed after rapid quenching using Auger‐electron spectroscopy. The results show that boron markedly reduces segregation of phosphorus in austenite. Boron was also found to be segregated at the prior austenite grain boundaries. The intergranular boron concentration increases slightly with a rising austenitising temperature, but does not show any dependence on boron or phosphorus content of the alloy. The results can be explained by assuming segregation equilibria and mutual displacement between B and P in austenite, a value of −97 kJ/mole for the free energy of boron segregation and −47 kJ/mole for phosphorus segregation.

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The Distribution of Boron in Pure Iron

Cited by 52 publications

References 3 publications

Role of Combined Addition of Niobium and Boron and of Molybdenum and Boron on Hardnenability in Low Carbon Steels

Role of Combined Addition of Niobium and Boron and of Molybdenum and Boron on Hardnenability in Low Carbon Steels

A Review of Scalable Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h‐BN) Synthesis for Present and Future Applications

Segregation of phosphorus and boron in austenite in Fe-10%Mn-P-B-alloys

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