The Distribution of 14C-Labelled Assimilates in Young Apple Trees as Influenced by Doses of Supplementary Nitrogen

Priestley, C. A.; Catlin, P. B.; Olsson, E. A.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a085236

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…As the season progressed, lower leaves always exported a larger percentage of the total photosynthate to the roots than either the upper or middle leaves. This pattern agrees with the results of studies by Priestley et al (1976) on apple trees. However, in terms of total quantity of photosynthate exported to the roots, the upper mature leaves probably exceeded the lower leaves, because they fixed more than twice as much carbon as the lower leaves (Tab.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Our data demonstrate that the roots in poplar gradually gain sink strength as the season progresses, Priestley (1964) came to a similar conclusion for apple trees. Late in the season large quantities of photosynthate bypass the stem sinks and move from the upper leaves to the roots.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…This study also illustrates the physiological importance of autumn foliage for root growth in poplar that has been previously demonstrated in both apple (Priestley 1964) and white oak (Teskey and Hinckley 1981). The implication of our results is that poplar clones exhibiting early lower leaf abscission may have less root growth than those that retain their lower leaves Itmger.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

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Distribution of [¹⁴C]‐labeled photosynthates within intensively cultured Populus clones during the establishment year

Isebrands¹,

Nelson²

1983

Physiologia Plantarum

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Seasonal patterns of [14C]‐labeled photosynthate distribution within two intensively cultured Populus clones with contrasting phenology (P. tristis × P. balsamifera cv. ‘Tristis no. 1′; P. × euramericana cv. Eugenei) were investigated during the establishment year. During active shoot elongation upper mature leaves exported 14C acropetally to the expanding leaves and elongating internodes, and basipetally to the stem. Little 14C was exported to lower mature leaves or lateral branches. At budset the 14C export pattern shifted dramatically in the basipetal direction, i.e., to the lower stem, hardwood cutting, and roots. The timing of budset was the primary factor determining the differences between the clones, except that in all cases Tristis exported more 14C to the roots than Eugenei. After budset lower mature leaves had a similar export pattern to upper leaves, but the quantity of 14C exported to the roots was slightly higher. The results confirm the importance of autumn foliage for root growth in poplar. Clonal differences in seasonal patterns of photosynthate distribution offer potential for the poplar breeder seeking to match a clone's growth pattern with the specific growing season of the site.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

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Distribution of [¹⁴C]‐labeled photosynthates within intensively cultured Populus clones during the establishment year

Isebrands¹,

Nelson²

1983

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…Steinaker and Wilson [44] conclude that forest leaf phenology is not a reliable index of overall vegetation phenology: they found a significant negative correlation between leaf and root production in a Populus tremuloides forest in North America. This is because fine root growth depends heavily on newly-fixed carbon from the canopy [45], and the availability of carbon for root growth peaks after the main period of aboveground growth [65]. In other tropical forests, maximum fine root biomass was also observed during the dry versus wet season in central Sulawesi, Indonesia [66], and in the eastern Amazon, Brazil [67].…”

Section: Seasonal Variation Of Fine Root Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine Root Dynamics in Afromontane Forest and Adjacent Land Uses in the Northwest Ethiopian Highlands

Assefa

Rewald

Sandén

et al. 2017

Forests

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Fine roots are a major pathway of C input into soils. The aim of this study was to quantify fine root stocks, production and turnover in natural forest and land use systems converted from forests in Ethiopia. The study was conducted in a remnant Afromontane forest, eucalyptus plantation and grass and cropland in NW Ethiopia. Fine root dynamics were investigated using three different methods: sequential coring, in-growth cores and in-growth nets. Soil cores for sequential analyses were taken in quarterly intervals, while in-growth cores and nets were harvested corresponding to 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 8-and 12-month interval. Fine root stocks averaged 564, 425, 56 and 46 g•m −2 in the forest, eucalyptus, grazing land and cropland ecosystems, respectively. The values decreased exponentially with increasing soil depth. In forest and eucalyptus, fine root biomass and necromass were highest in the dry season. Estimates of fine root production differed according to the method used. Fine root production based on in-growth coring averaged 468, 293, 70 and 52 g m −2 •year −1. In general, land use conversion from forest to open lands reduced fine root production by 85-91%. The turnover rate of fine roots was 1.5 for forest and 2.1 for eucalyptus plantation.

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“…Although a number of authors have investigated assimilate allocation at the whole tree level (e.g., Hansen 1967;Rangnekar et al 1972;Priestley et al 1976;Lacointe et al 1995; among many others), data suitable for our purpose are not easily found in literature, because they require highly detailed experiments involving series of individual leaf or twig labeling.…”

Section: Evaluation Data Setmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new way to account for the effect of source-sink spatial relationships in whole plant carbon allocation models

Lacointe¹,

Isebrands²,

Host³

2002

Can. J. For. Res.

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To improve source-sink relationship based carbon-allocation models, the basic proportional model was extended to account for a well-known effect of individual source to sink distances: among different sinks of similar characteristics, the more distant from the source, the lower the allocation coefficient. This was achieved through multiplication of the sink strength value by a coefficient that is proportional to a decreasing, simple function of distance, f; the power form was chosen for both simplicity and theoretical reasons. The resulting model was parameterized and evaluated on the empirical allocation matrix of the ECOPHYS model, after grouping together several individual, small sinks of similar nature and close location to remove any phyllotaxy-related bias. Both goodness of fit and predictive value were significantly improved compared with the basic proportional model (f = constant). The f-extended model yielded even better results if segments of different nature or age on the source to sink pathway were assigned different weights in the expression of distance, whereas the default expression of f, with an exponent of -1 and no additive constant, was optimal with no further parameter required. Thus, only 7 parameters (3 for pathway segment weights and 4 for sink strength values) were sufficient to retrieve the original 68 independent experimental allocation coefficients with a reasonable degree of accuracy. Pathway segment weights likely reflect both intrinsic transport pathway properties and situation within the plant architecture; this is discussed in relation to the possibilities of generalization and practical use of the model.Résumé : Dans le but d'améliorer les modèles d'allocation du carbone fondés sur les relations source-puits, on propose d'étendre le modèle proportionnel classique de façon à rendre compte d'un effet notoire des distances entre sources et puits : parmi différents puits ayant des caractéristiques similaires, la proportion des assimilats d'une source donnée qui est allouée à un puits est d'autant plus faible qu'il en est plus éloigné. Dans le modèle étendu proposé, cet effet est représenté en multipliant, dans l'expression du coefficient d'allocation, la valeur de la force du puits par un coefficient f qui est une fonction décroissante de la distance entre source et puits. Pour des raisons à la fois théoriques et de simplicité, on a attribué à f la forme simple d'une fonction puissance. Le modèle résultant a été paramétré et éva-lué sur la matrice d'allocation empirique du modèle ECOPHYS, après regroupement de petits puits individuels proches et de même nature afin de s'affranchir de tout biais lié à la phyllotaxie. La qualité de l'ajustement et la capacité de prédiction sont significativement améliorées par rapport au modèle proportionnel de base (f = constante). Les résultats sont encore améliorés lorsqu'on calcule la distance entre source et puits en attribuant différents poids aux différents segments (de nature ou d'âge variables) qui se succèdent sur le trajet de la source au pui...

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The Distribution of 14C-Labelled Assimilates in Young Apple Trees as Influenced by Doses of Supplementary Nitrogen

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Distribution of [¹⁴C]‐labeled photosynthates within intensively cultured Populus clones during the establishment year

Distribution of [¹⁴C]‐labeled photosynthates within intensively cultured Populus clones during the establishment year

Fine Root Dynamics in Afromontane Forest and Adjacent Land Uses in the Northwest Ethiopian Highlands

A new way to account for the effect of source-sink spatial relationships in whole plant carbon allocation models

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The Distribution of 14C-Labelled Assimilates in Young Apple Trees as Influenced by Doses of Supplementary Nitrogen

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Distribution of [14C]‐labeled photosynthates within intensively cultured Populus clones during the establishment year

Distribution of [14C]‐labeled photosynthates within intensively cultured Populus clones during the establishment year

Fine Root Dynamics in Afromontane Forest and Adjacent Land Uses in the Northwest Ethiopian Highlands

A new way to account for the effect of source-sink spatial relationships in whole plant carbon allocation models

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Distribution of [¹⁴C]‐labeled photosynthates within intensively cultured Populus clones during the establishment year

Distribution of [¹⁴C]‐labeled photosynthates within intensively cultured Populus clones during the establishment year