The Distribution and Prevalence of High-Risk HPV Genotypes Other than HPV-16 and HPV-18 among Women Attending Gynecologists’ Offices in Kazakhstan

Aimagambetova, Gulzhanat; Babi, Aisha; Akhanova, Sholpan; Udalova, Natalya; Koktova, Svetlana; Balykov, Askhat; Sattarkyzy, Zhanna; Abakasheva, Zhuldyz; Azizan, Azliyati; Chan, Chee Kai; Issa, Torgyn

doi:10.3390/biology10080794

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…4 Earlier pilot studies reported the prevalence of high-risk HPV in Western Kazakhstan 5 and the capital city Astana. 6 More recent regional studies on HPV prevalence among Kazakhstani women reported high-risk HPV infection in 39% of study participants, 7,8 which in turn leads to a high incidence of cervical cancer. 9,10 In 2020, there were 1,777 cases of cervical cancer and 834 related deaths in Kazakhstan, with the crude incidence rate among females equal to 18.4 per 100,000 population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge and attitudes of mothers toward HPV vaccination: A cross-sectional study in Kazakhstan

Babi

Issa

Akhanova³

et al. 2023

Womens Health (Lond Engl)

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Background: Although recommended for all member states of World Health Organization, there is no national human papillomavirus vaccination program in Kazakhstan. Furthermore, there are no studies in Kazakhstan that evaluate the mothers’ perception of human papillomavirus vaccines. Objectives: This study aims to assess the knowledge and attitudes toward human papillomavirus vaccination among mothers in Kazakhstan and the factors associated with their attitudes. Design: A cross-sectional study was performed during the period of December 2021—February 2022. The STROBE guideline for cross-sectional studies was applied. Methods: Paper-based structured questionnaires were filled out by 191 mothers, 141 of whom had daughters. The attitude score was assessed as per the Likert-type scale. The Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests, with a significance value of < 0.05 were used to analyze the relationships between the characteristics of mothers and their attitude scores. Results: The following factors were significantly associated with mothers’ attitudes toward human papillomavirus vaccination: a place of residence, family income, number of children, and refusal of vaccination for themselves (p < 0.005). Of all participants, only 45% of all mothers, 41% of mothers with a female, and 46% of mothers with male children had positive attitudes toward human papillomavirus vaccination. The child’s gender was not a significant determinant. Overall, the level of knowledge about human papillomavirus vaccination was found to be low. The median total score is 0 out of 12 for women who have negative and neutral attitudes toward human papillomavirus vaccines. Among women who have positive attitudes toward HPV vaccines, the median score is around 3 points. Conclusion: Before the implementation of the human papillomavirus vaccination program into the Kazakhstani national vaccination calendar, comprehensive and adequate information and education campaigns are required on the national level for parents and the population in general.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge and attitudes of mothers toward HPV vaccination: A cross-sectional study in Kazakhstan

Babi

Issa

Akhanova³

et al. 2023

Womens Health (Lond Engl)

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“…Thus, this is the first study that aimed to examine attitudes toward HPV vaccination and explore factors associated with a positive attitude toward HPV vaccination in Kazakhstani women. Since HR-HPV prevalence is high among women in Kazakhstan [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 21 ], and cervical cancer incidence has increased in the past decade [ 16 ], becoming the fourth leading cause of death from cancer among women [ 35 ], it is important to implement primary prevention of HPV infection and its related diseases in the country. However, the successful relaunching of the HPV vaccination program largely depends on HPV vaccine attitudes; therefore, studies investigating society’s attitudes towards the vaccine are an essential part of facilitating the process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lowest prevalence of HPV infection is reported in Middle Eastern and North African countries (7–16%) [ 12 ]. According to the available epidemiological data, HR-HPV prevalence in Kazakhstan is high among women attending gynecological offices, ranging from 39% to 43% [ 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Factors Are Associated with Attitudes towards HPV Vaccination among Kazakhstani Women? Exploratory Analysis of Cross-Sectional Survey Data

2022

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Background. The high prevalence of HPV infection among Kazakhstani women and the absence of an HPV vaccination program are directly reflected in increasing rates of cervical cancer incidence and mortality. Kazakhstan made its first attempt at introducing the HPV vaccine in 2013, but was unsuccessful due to complications and low public acceptance. The attitudes of Kazakhstani women towards the vaccine were never measured. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the attitudes of women towards the HPV vaccine and determine factors associated with positive, negative, or neutral attitudes. Methods. A 29-item survey consisting of 21 demographic and contextual questions and 8 Likert-scale questions was distributed among women attending gynecological offices in four major cities of Kazakhstan from December 2021 until February 2022. Attitudes of women were measured based on their answers to the eight Likert-scale questions. Ordinal logistic regression was built to find associations between demographic characteristics and attitudes of women. Results. Two hundred thirty-three women were included in the final analysis. A total of 54% of women had positive attitudes towards the vaccine. The majority of women did not trust or had a neutral attitude towards the government, pharmaceutical industry, and traditional and alternative media. However, the trust of women was high in medical workers and scientific researchers. Women’s age, education, number of children, effect of the 2013 HPV program, and trust in alternative medicine were included in the ordinal logistic model. Women with a low level of education, a high number of children, who believe in alternative medicine, and who were affected by the failed 2013 vaccination program were less likely to have a positive attitude towards the vaccine. Conclusions. Contrary attitudes towards HPV vaccination exist among Kazakhstani women, with approximately half having positive and almost half having negative or neutral attitudes towards the vaccine. An informational campaign that takes into consideration women’s levels of trust in different agencies, as well as targets those who are the most uninformed, might help in a successful relaunch of the HPV vaccination program. However, more studies that cover a higher number of women are required.

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“…In fact, more than 99% of cervical cancer patients are positive for one or more highly oncogenic HPVs. Among the 12 highly oncogenic HPV types, HPV-16 and -18 are the most prevalent subtypes worldwide and are responsible for up to 70% of cervical cancer cases ( 4 ). Because HPV is primarily a precursor for the development of cervical cancer, any effort to help understand the oncogenic impact of HPV or prioritize HPV-based innovative treatment strategies (i.e., host-oriented drug targets) will transform and advance bioscience research and the bioscience industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug repositioning via host-pathogen protein-protein interactions for the treatment of cervical cancer

2023

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IntroductionIntegrating interaction data with biological knowledge can be a critical approach for drug development or drug repurposing. In this context, host-pathogen-protein-protein interaction (HP-PPI) networks are useful instrument to uncover the phenomena underlying therapeutic effects in infectious diseases, including cervical cancer, which is almost exclusively due to human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Cervical cancer is one of the second leading causes of death, and HPV16 and HPV18 are the most common subtypes worldwide. Given the limitations of traditionally used virus-directed drug therapies for infectious diseases and, at the same time, recent cancer statistics for cervical cancer cases, the need for innovative treatments becomes clear.MethodsAccordingly, in this study, we emphasize the potential of host proteins as drug targets and identify promising host protein candidates for cervical cancer by considering potential differences between HPV subtypes (i.e., HPV16 and HPV18) within a novel bioinformatics framework that we have developed. Subsequently, subtype-specific HP-PPI networks were constructed to obtain host proteins. Using this framework, we next selected biologically significant host proteins. Using these prominent host proteins, we performed drug repurposing analysis. Finally, by following our framework we identify the most promising host-oriented drug candidates for cervical cancer.ResultsAs a result of this framework, we discovered both previously associated and novel drug candidates, including interferon alfacon-1, pimecrolimus, and hyaluronan specifically for HPV16 and HPV18 subtypes, respectively.DiscussionConsequently, with this study, we have provided valuable data for further experimental and clinical efforts and presented a novel bioinformatics framework that can be applied to any infectious disease.

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The Distribution and Prevalence of High-Risk HPV Genotypes Other than HPV-16 and HPV-18 among Women Attending Gynecologists’ Offices in Kazakhstan

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Knowledge and attitudes of mothers toward HPV vaccination: A cross-sectional study in Kazakhstan

Knowledge and attitudes of mothers toward HPV vaccination: A cross-sectional study in Kazakhstan

What Factors Are Associated with Attitudes towards HPV Vaccination among Kazakhstani Women? Exploratory Analysis of Cross-Sectional Survey Data

Drug repositioning via host-pathogen protein-protein interactions for the treatment of cervical cancer

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