The distribution and prevalence of stephanofilariasis in cattle in Queensland

Johnson, Steven; Arthur, RJ; Shepherd, RK

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1986.tb07679.x

Cited by 21 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In this study it is found that females (85.7%) have more prone to affect in humpsore than male (14.3%); whereas Johnson et al, (1986) stated that males are generally more affected than female cattle. In another study in West Bengal, males had a prevalence rate of 17.34% and 14.03% of females (Roy and Misra, 1990).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Descriptive Epidemiology of Stephanofilariasis (Humpsore) in Cattle

Bjvm

Hassan²,

Ahammed³

et al. 2017

Bangl. J. Vet. Med.

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An epidemiological study was conducted to investigate the epidemiology of humpsore (stephanofilariasis) infection on cattle of different age and sex by collecting information from samples conveniently from different areas of Mymensingh district in Bangladesh. Clinical history and direct examination is done to detect the infection. Out of 503 samples total 43.14% cattle were found stephanofilariasis positive. The prevalence of stephanofilariasis was higher (27.24%) in cattle between 5-10 years old cattle than of less than 5 years (10.93%) and more than 10 years (4.97%) old cattle. Females have shown more positive (36.98%) result than male (male entire= 3.18%, male castrated= 2.98%) that was 6.16% (Odds ratio= 1; P value= 0.987, χ 2 = 0.003). Local breed shown 36.98% positive to stephanofilariasis followed in descending order by 2.98% in Red Sindhi, 0.99% in Sahiwal, 0.80% in Jersey cross, 0.40% in Holstein cross, Haryana and Red Chittagong breeds and 0.20% in Pabna breed. From the study it is shown that highest (14.1%) prevalence found in the location of neck region of local breed (12.72%) in female cattle (12.52%) and in the age group of 5-10years (9.74%) than other category on the basis of location of lesions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Descriptive Epidemiology of Stephanofilariasis (Humpsore) in Cattle

Bjvm

Hassan²,

Ahammed³

et al. 2017

Bangl. J. Vet. Med.

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“…On the other hand, in other countries the disease has been reported especially in beef cattle. In beef cattle, it is possible to consider resistance to the disease in Bos indicus cattle when compared to Bos taurus cattle (Johnson et al, 1986, Dies and Pritchard, 1985, Johnson and Toleman, 1988. Therefore, studies in this field are necessary in order to establish the epidemiological characteristics of the disease in beef herds in Brazil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The disease is commonly reported in beef cattle (Johnson et al, 1986;Watrelot-Virieux and Pin, 2006). However, in Brazil, it has only been reported in dairy herds, affecting especially the cranial region of the mammary gland in lactating dairy cows (Miyakawa et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stephanofilariasis in beef cattle - case report

Schade

Casà

Lovatel

et al. 2019

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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Stephanofilariasis is an ulcerative dermatitis caused by nematodes that affect cattle in several countries in the world. However, it has not been described in beef cattle in Brazil. The objective of this study is to describe three cases of stephanofilariasis, which occurred in beef cows in the municipality of Ipê, RS, Brazil. The disease was characterized by pruritic, ulcerated and crusty seasonal lesions present in the cranial region of the udder. The diagnosis was confirmed by analyses of secretions stained smears and by direct optical microscopic examination of the sediment and the treatment was effectively carried out with topical trichlorphon. This report indicates that stephanofilariasis should be included as a differential diagnosis for dermatopathies in beef cattle in Brazil. RESUMOA estefanofilariose é uma dermatite ulcerativa causada por nematódeos que acometem bovinos em vários países do mundo, no entanto não tem sido descrita em bovinos de corte no Brasil. O objetivo do trabalho é a descrição de três casos de estefanofilariose em vacas de corte ocorridos no município de Ipê, RS. A enfermidade foi caracterizada por lesões sazonais pruriginosas, ulceradas e crostosas, presentes na região cranial do úbere. O diagnóstico foi confirmado pela análise dos esfregaços corados das secreções e por exame direto do sedimento em microscopia óptica, e o tratamento foi realizado de maneira eficaz com triclorfon tópico. Este relato demonstra que a estefanofilariose deve ser incluída como diagnóstico diferencial nas dermatopatias em bovinos de corte no Brasil.Palavras-chave: dermatite, nematódeo, Stephanofilaria spp., úlcera de lactação

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“…In Australia, Stephanofilaria sp. is transmitted by BF; therefore, lesions are recognised as BF lesions [ 9 , 13 ], which are clinically manifested as dermatitis or wounds on the medial canthus of the eye, neck, dewlap, and ventral midline of cattle. This differs from S. stilesi in which lesions are found on the abdominal midline, sometimes extending to the udder [ 14 ] in cows and scrotum of bulls [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of Novel PCR Assays for the Diagnosis of Bovine Stephanofilariasis and Detection of Stephanofilaria sp. Nematodes in Vector Flies

et al. 2021

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Background: Stephanofilaria spp. nematodes are associated with cutaneous lesions in cattle and other livestock and mammalian wildlife species. In Australia, Haematobia irritans exigua, commonly known as buffalo fly (BF) transmits a well-described but presently unnamed species of Stephanofilaria, which has been speculatively implicated in the aetiology of BF lesions. The sensitivity of current techniques for detecting Stephanofilaria spp. in skin lesions and vector species is low, and there is no genomic sequence for any member of the genus Stephanofilaria currently available in sequence databases. Methods: To develop molecular assays for the detection of the Australian Stephanofilaria sp., skin biopsies were collected from freshly slaughtered cattle with typical lesions near the medial canthus. Adult nematodes and microfilariae were isolated from the biopsies using a saline recovery technique. The nematodes were morphologically identified as Stephanofilaria sp. by scanning electron microscopy. DNA was extracted and the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of rDNA, and the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) region of mtDNA was amplified and sequenced. Stephanofilaria sp. specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and qPCR assays (SYBR Green® and TaqMan™) were developed and optimised from the novel ITS2 sequence obtained. The specificity of each assay was confirmed by testing against nematode species Onchocerca gibsoni and Dirofilaria immitis, as well as host (bovine) and BF DNA. Results: Scanning electron microscopy of the anterior and posterior ends of isolated nematodes confirmed Stephanofilaria sp. A phylogenetic analysis of the cox1 sequence demonstrated that this species is most closely related to Thelazia callipaeda, a parasitic nematode that is a common cause of thelaziasis (or eyeworm infestation) in humans, dogs, and cats. Both conventional and qPCR assays specifically amplified DNA from Stephanofilaria sp. Conventional PCR, TaqMan™, and SYBR Green® assays were shown to detect 1 ng, 1 pg, and 100 fg of Stephanofilaria DNA, respectively. Both qPCR assays detected DNA from single Stephanofilaria microfilaria. Conclusion: Molecular diagnostic assays developed in this study showed high specificity and sensitivity for Stephanofilaria sp. DNA. The availability of an accurate and sensitive PCR assay for Stephanofilaria will assist in determining its role in the pathogenesis of cattle skin lesions, as well as in understanding its epidemiological dynamics. This assay may also have application for use in epidemiological studies with other species of Stephanofilaria, most particularly closely related S. stilesi, but this will require confirmation.

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The distribution and prevalence of stephanofilariasis in cattle in Queensland

Cited by 21 publications

References 4 publications

Descriptive Epidemiology of Stephanofilariasis (Humpsore) in Cattle

Descriptive Epidemiology of Stephanofilariasis (Humpsore) in Cattle

Stephanofilariasis in beef cattle - case report

Development and Validation of Novel PCR Assays for the Diagnosis of Bovine Stephanofilariasis and Detection of Stephanofilaria sp. Nematodes in Vector Flies

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