The distribution and morphological characteristics of the intracortical VIP-positive cell: An immunohistochemical analysis

Morrison, John H.; Magistretti, Pierre J.; Benoit, Robert; Fe, Bloom

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(84)90763-7

Cited by 177 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In the neocortex, functional postsynaptic nicotinic receptors are selectively expressed by a subpopulation of interneurons coexpressing VIP and CCK. We and others have shown previously that VIP is expressed by subsets of bipolar and bitufted neocortical interneurons (Eckenstein and Baughman, 1984;Morrison et al, 1984;Cauli et al, 1997;Porter et al, 1998) and immunocytochemical data also indicates that CCK is often co-expressed with VIP in these interneurons (Papadopoulos et al, 1987;Kubota and Kawaguchi, 1997). Given the primarily columnarly restricted axonal arbors of interneurons expressing VIP and CCK (Hendry et al, 1983;Connor and Peters, 1984;Magistretti et al, 1984;Kawaguchi and Kubota, 1996;Porter et al, 1998), nicotinic receptor-mediated stimulation of these interneurons may provide a selective increase in the columnar inhibition involved in neocortical information processing (Xiang et al, 1998).…”

Section: Potential Implications Of Nicotinic Receptor-mediated Excitamentioning

confidence: 90%

Selective Excitation of Subtypes of Neocortical Interneurons by Nicotinic Receptors

et al. 1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The cellular mechanisms by which neuronal nicotinic cholinergic receptors influence many aspects of physiology and pathology in the neocortex remain primarily unknown. Whole-cell recordings and single-cell reverse transcription (RT)-PCR were combined to analyze the effect of nicotinic receptor agonists on different types of neurons in acute slices of rat neocortex. Nicotinic receptor agonists had no effect on pyramidal neurons and on most types of interneurons, including parvalbuminexpressing fast spiking interneurons and somatostatinexpressing interneurons, but selectively excited a subpopulation of interneurons coexpressing the neuropeptides vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and cholecystokinin. This excitation persisted in the presence of glutamate, GABA, and muscarinic receptor antagonists and in the presence of tetrodotoxin and low extracellular calcium, suggesting that the depolarization was mediated through the direct activation of postsynaptic nicotinic receptors. The responses were blocked by the nicotinic receptor antagonists dihydro-␤-erythroidine and mecamylamine and persisted in the presence of the ␣7 selective nicotinic receptor antagonist methyllycaconitine, suggesting that the involved nicotinic receptors lacked the ␣7 subunit. Single-cell RT-PCR analysis indicated that the majority of the interneurons that responded to nicotinic stimulation coexpressed the ␣4, ␣5, and ␤2 nicotinic receptor subunits. Therefore, these results provide a role for non-␣7 nicotinic receptors in the selective excitation of a subpopulation of neocortical interneurons. Because the neocortical interneurons expressing VIP have been proposed previously to regulate regional cortical blood flow and metabolism, these results also provide a cellular basis for the neuronal regulation of cortical blood flow mediated by acetylcholine. Key words: single-cell PCR; neuropeptides; calcium-binding proteins; methyllycaconitine; dihydro-␤-erythroidine; acetylcholine; mecamylamineNicotinic receptors are implicated in many important f unctions of the mammalian neocortex, including memory formation (Granon et al., 1995) and neuronal regulation of regional cerebral blood flow (Gitelman and Prohovnik, 1992;Uchida et al., 1997), as well as cortical pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease (Whitehouse et al., 1988;Newhouse et al., 1997), epilepsy (Steinlein et al., 1995, and Tourette's syndrome (Sanberg et al., 1997(Sanberg et al., , 1998. The cellular basis for the effects of nicotinic receptor stimulation is currently unknown but lies within its effects on the complex interactions between the excitatory glutamatergic pyramidal neurons and the inhibitory interneurons.A variety of different neuronal nicotinic receptor subunits have been cloned and named ␣2-␣9 and ␤2-␤4 (Elgoyhen et al., 1994;Le Novere and Changeux, 1995). C lassically, two broad subfamilies of nicotinic receptors have been characterized in neurons according to their sensitivity to ␣-bungarotoxin. Subunits ␣7 and ␣8 form a family of ␣-bungarotoxin-sensitive channels (Couturier...

show abstract

Section: Potential Implications Of Nicotinic Receptor-mediated Excitamentioning

confidence: 90%

Selective Excitation of Subtypes of Neocortical Interneurons by Nicotinic Receptors

et al. 1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…active intestinal peptide cortical interneurons (40,41); however, a similar interaction between second messenger systems may also contribute to the marked interactions described among cotransmitters released from a single neuron. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholinergic phosphatidylinositol modulation of inhibitory, G protein-linked neurotransmitter actions: electrophysiological studies in rat hippocampus.

Worley¹,

Baraban²,

McCarren

et al. 1987

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In electrophysiological studies using the rat hippocampal slice preparation, cholinergic agonists and phorbol 12,13-diacetate, a stimulator ofprotein kinase C, block the inhibitory actions of baclofen, a -aminobutyric acid B receptor agonist, and adenosine. Relative potencies of cholinergic agonists in stimulating the phosphatidylinositol system, as measured biochemically, parallel their activity in blocking adenosine assessed electrophysiologically. Electrical stimulation ofcholinergic afferents also reverses adenosine's inhibitory action. These fridings indicate that stimulation of protein kinase C by the phosphatidylinositol system mediates cholinergic blockade of adenosine and baclofen. As these inhibitory agonists act by way of receptors linked to GTP-binding proteins, protein kinase C's inactivation of the GTP-binding protein involved may account for this cholinergic action.Several lines of evidence indicate a prominent role for the phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) cycle in mediating transmitter actions in the brain. Protein kinase C (PKC) and inositol trisphosphate receptors localized by autoradiographic techniques occur in very high concentrations in synaptic areas of the brain (1,2). Phorbol esters that stimulate PKC (3) exert selective actions on ionic conductances in brain neurons (4-7). Direct injections of inositol trisphosphate into dorsal raphe neurons mimic transmitter actions thought to be linked to the PtdIns system (7).Recent studies suggest that PKC can block inhibitory transmitter actions associated with GTP-binding regulatory proteins (G proteins). Thus, in platelets, phorbol esters antagonize the ability of epinephrine to inhibit adenylate cyclase (8). In oocytes, phorbol esters block the increased potassium conductance elicited by adenosine (9). In brain slices, phorbol esters diminish the ability of adenosine to inhibit adenylate cyclase (10). In previous electrophysiologic studies of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons, we found that the synaptically activated late hyperpolarization (11) (18,19). These interactions might reflect the ability of PKC to phosphorylate and thus inactivate the G proteins involved in mediating inhibitory transmitter actions (20). In the present study, we provide direct evidence that muscarinic cholinergic synaptic transmission, acting by way of the PtdIns cycle and PKC, blocks inhibitory effects of neurotransmitters mediated by receptor-regulated G proteins. METHODSElectrophysiological Recordings from Hippocampal Slices. Slices were obtained from adult male Sprague-Dawley rats by using techniques that have been described in detail elsewhere (21,22). For some field potential recordings, slices were obtained from aged Fisher 344 rats (30 months, National Institutes of Health). One 400-,um-thick slice was held submerged in the recording chamber at 30'C. Temperature was regulated by a heating-cooling module (Cambion, Cambridge, MA) and was monitored within 1 mm of a slice by a hypodermic thermistor probe. Other slices were maintained in an incubation chamber at...

show abstract

“…There seems to be general agreement that the CCK-, CRF-, and VIP-positive cells occur mainly in the supragranular layers in the rat and cat visual cortex (McDonald et al, 1982b, c;Merchenthaler et al, 1982;Hendry et al, 1983a;Peters et al, 1983;Swanson et al, 1983;Connor and Peters, 1984;Magistretti et al, 1984;Merchenthaler, 1984;Morrison et al, 1984;Magistretti and Morrison, 1985). It seems that the distribution of CRF-positive neurons is somewhat more widespread in the rat than the cat visual cortex, since a number of CRF-positive neurons have been reported outside layers I-II in the rat.…”

Section: Datrlbution Of Peptlde-contaming Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Heterogeneity of GABAergic cells in cat visual cortex

Demeulemeester¹,

Vandesande²,

Orban³

et al. 1988

J. Neurosci.

156

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Antibodies against neuropeptides and against a vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein (CaBP) label small cells with nonpyramidal-like morphology in the cat visual cortex (areas 17, 18, and 19). Since GABAergic cells are interneurons, a double-staining procedure was used to test for the coexistence of cholecystokinin (CCK), somatostatin (SRIF), neuropeptide Y (NPY), corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), and CaBP with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). Our results show that CRF and VIP do not coexist with GAD, while the 3 other peptides and CaBP do. Hence GAD-positive cells can be subdivided into 4 broad groups: (1) cells that are only GAD-positive, (2) cells that are GAD- and CaBP-positive, (3) GAD- positive neurons also containing CCK, and (4) GAD-positive cells that also contain SRIF. A small subset of class 2 also contains SRIF and most cells of class 4 also contain NPY. The 4 classes of GAD-positive cells differ in laminar position: class 1 predominates in layers IV and V, classes 2 and 3 in the upper laminae (II and III), and class 4 in the deepest layer (VI).

show abstract

The distribution and morphological characteristics of the intracortical VIP-positive cell: An immunohistochemical analysis

Cited by 177 publications

References 23 publications

Selective Excitation of Subtypes of Neocortical Interneurons by Nicotinic Receptors

Selective Excitation of Subtypes of Neocortical Interneurons by Nicotinic Receptors

Cholinergic phosphatidylinositol modulation of inhibitory, G protein-linked neurotransmitter actions: electrophysiological studies in rat hippocampus.

Heterogeneity of GABAergic cells in cat visual cortex

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About