The distribution and frequency of endocrine cells in the splenic lobe of grass lizard (Takydromus wolteri): An immunohistochemical study

Abstract

The regional distribution and frequency of the pancreatic endocrine cells in the splenic lobe of grass lizard, Takydromus wolteri, were studied by immunohistochemical (PAP) method using six types of specific mammalian antisera against bovine Sp-1/chromogranin (bCG), serotonin, insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and human pancreatic polypeptide (hPP). The pancreas was subdivided into two regions -islet kike and exocrine regions. The frequency of each immunoreactive (IR) endocrine cells was calculated as mean number/total 100 islet cells and as mean number/total 1000 cells (including exocrine and endocrine cells) using automated image analysis process. In addition, the percentage of each IR cell was also calculated. All of six endocrine cells were demonstrated. They were dispersed in the whole pancreatic parenchyma between exocrine acinar cells, or they were also observed as islet like clusters. In islet-like regions, bCG-, insulin-and glucagon-IR cells were detected as one or two cell layer cords and they were located between this cell-cords with 14.30±5.62, 61.50±9.76 and 26.50±9.31/100 cells frequencies, respectively. However, somatostatin-IR cells were mainly located in the peripheral parts not in cell-cords with 12.40±4.86/100 cells, and no serotonin-and hPP-IR cells were demonstrated. In exocrine regions, all of bCG-, serotonin-, insulin-, glucagon-, somatostatin-and hPP-IR cells were detected and they occurred mainly among the exocrine parenchyma as solitary cells with 10. 30±2.54, 0.80±0.63, 15.50±5.30, 5.80±2.66, 3.10±1.29 and 11.00±3.33/1000 cells frequencies, respectively. In addition, serotonin-IR cells were mainly located between epithelia and connective tissue of pancreatic duct. Overall, there were 0.58±0.49% serotonin-, 56.44±9.35% insulin-, 23.73±8.22% glucagon-, 11.28±3.03% somatostatin-and 7.97±2.02% hPP-IR cells

An immunohistochemical study of the pancreatic endocrine cells of the ddN mouse.

“…They have also been demonstrated to be associated with acinar cells and pancreatic duct. In the present study, similar to that found in other mouse strains [9,12,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20], we found that most of the insulin-IR cells were situated in the central regions of the pancreatic islets, and similar distributional patterns of insulin-IR cells were observed in the splenic and duodenal lobes of the ddN mouse.…”

“…Such distributional patterns were also demonstrated in some mouse strains [9,17,19,20]. It was also reported that under specific disease conditions, such as obese and diabetic mice, in contrast to normal nonobese littermates, glucagon-IR cells were intermingled with insulin-IR cells in the central regions of pancreatic islets [14].…”

“…The regional distribution and relative frequency of the pancreatic endocrine cells have been reported in various mouse strains [9,12,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. From these reports, it is well recognized that insulin-IR cells are situated in the central regions of pancreatic islets, and other cells, such as glucagon-, somatostatin-and PP-IR cells, surround them.…”

“…In addition, the strain-dependent characteristic distributions of these IR cells were also detected with the increasing production of genetically mutated laboratory animals and breeding of specific laboratory animals having a specific disease or a unique property, especially in mice [9,12,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. The distribution and frequency of pancreatic endocrine cells in the ddN mouse has not yet been forthcoming.…”

Anti-climacterium effects of pomegranate concentrated solutions in ovariectomized ddY mice

“…OVX-treated ddY mice have also been used to investigate the mechanisms underlying menopause-related complications in humans as these complications share various similarities with postmenopausal climacterium symptoms (32)(33)(34). This rodent model exhibits symptoms that resemble those of women with postmenopausal climacterium symptoms, including cardiovascular diseases, obesity, hyperlipidemia, osteoporosis, organ steatosis and mental disorders (35)(36)(37)(38). In the present study, anti-climacteric effects were evaluated and separated into five categories: i) estrogenic effects; ii) anti-obese effects; iii) hypolipidemic effects; iv) hepatoprotective effects against liver steatosis; and v) anti-osteoporotic effects.…”