The Distribution and Excretion of S35-Labeled Sulfo-Bromophthalein-Sodium Administered to Dogs by Continuous Infusion 1

Abstract

It has been known for some time that continuous tent, upon assumptions regarding the storage of intravenous infusion of sulfo-bromophthalein-so-the dye in tissues supplied by the splanchnic irdium (referred to below as BSP) in dogs as well culation; second, BSP is a most useful prototype as in man results eventually in a steady state in substance for theoretical studies of bile formation which blood and bile concentrations, and usually and bile secretion, and knowledge of its actual the rate of biliary excretion of the dye, remain sites of deposition is essential if serious errors of constant (1). Bradley and co-workers have interpretation are to be avoided in this connection. pointed out that such a steady state can only beThe preparation of S'5-labeled BSP (6) proachieved at infusion rates resulting in blood vides a tool which permits a direct approach to levels of BSP lower than a certain liminal value these questions. The present communication (20 mg. per L. in man [2] or 40 mg. per L. ac-deals with the application of S"5-labeled BSP to cording to other workers [3]). The present au-the study of the distribution of BSP when adthors (4) have pointed out in a previous communi-ministered to pftherody from the blood stream; they concluded selection and maintenance, of induction of liver injury of the dye from the blood stream; they concluded and surgery see (4). that this period must represent storage of the dye. S'-labeled BSP was prepared by sulfonation of tetraThe actual sites of storage of this "lost BSP" bromphenolphthalein and purification of the product by could not be determined with certainty in either chromatography and recrystallization (6). Coloritnetric of these investigations; indications were obtained analyses for BSP were undertaken in the cases of the Of these investigations; indications were obtained blood and bile samples only. The procedure employed, that a considerable amount of dye is retained in a modification of that described in (7), cf. also (8), conthe liver prior to excretion. Further investigation sisted of diluting the samples with water, then acetone, in of this point seemed indicated for two reasons: such fashion as to attain final protein concentrations beFirst, application of BSP to clinical studies of tween 0.8 and 12 per cent, and acetone concentrations of 60 per cent by volume. Blood plasma samples were hepatic blood flow depend, to a considerable ex-then stored in the refrigerator for one hour and the pro-

Indocyanine Green: Observations on Its Physical Properties, Plasma Decay, and Hepatic Extraction*

“…The present studies further indicate that, unlike BSP, ICG is not cleared by the kidney and that peripheral tissue uptake of the dye is negligible. Renal clearance (13) and tissue uptake (6,14,15) of BSP are known to occur.…”

Biliary Transport and Hepatic Storage of Sulfo-Bromophthalein Sodium in the Unanesthetized Dog, in Normal Man, and in Patients With Hepatic Disease *

“…The finding that measured output in the bile was equal, on the average, to 87.5 per cent of the estimated Tm indicates that biliary secretion must be the major mechanism for continuous elimination of BSP despite the fact that some extrahepatic removal is known to occur (10,25 hepatic circulation and which are involved in normal bile production (26). Any change in the actual BSP secretory rate must of course affect the calculation of Tm and S, which is based on the assumption of a 3 hour steady state with respect to BSP transport and storage.…”

Studies Concerning Functional Differences Between Liver Regions Supplied by the Hepatic Artery and by the Portal Vein*

“…using the sample preparation and standardization methods previously described (8). S content was determined using air dried samples plated on tissue paper covered planchets in essentially infinite layer geometry in conjunction with a thin endwindow Geiger-Muller detector.…”