The distinctiveness of rehabilitation psychology.

Shontz, Franklin C.; Wright, Beatrice A.

doi:10.1037/0735-7028.11.6.919

Cited by 30 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…By referencing the tables provided here, researchers and clinicians can apply the diagnostic accuracy properties of NIHTB-CB to identify individual people with persistent cognitive impairment after TBI. Rehabilitation psychologists emphasize the psychosocial assets and capabilities of people with disabilities (Dunn, Ehde, & Wegener, 2016), and they promote a focus on individuals' strengths and the importance of one's self-perception on the evaluation of attributes (Shontz & Wright, 1980; Wright, 1972). Findings from this study inform rehabilitation psychologists' practice by providing NIHTB-CB score interpretations that put low scores in perspective.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NIH toolbox cognition tests following traumatic brain injury: Frequency of low scores.

Holdnack¹,

Silverberg²,

Tulsky³

et al. 2017

Rehabilitation Psychology

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Purpose/Objective To apply multivariate base rate analyses to the National Institutes of Health Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) to facilitate the identification of cognitive impairment in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Research Method/Design In a multisite cross-sectional design, 158 participants who sustained a complicated mild or moderate TBI (n=74) or severe TBI (n=84) at least one year earlier were administered the NIHTB-CB. The NIHTB-CB is comprised of two crystallized cognition tests (reflecting premorbid ability) and five fluid cognition tests, measuring processing speed, memory, and executive functioning. Base rates for obtaining 0 to 5 low fluid cognition scores were calculated across a range of cutoffs for defining a low test score (≤25th to 5th percentiles). Base rates of low scores in the TBI sample were compared to the NIHTB-CB normative sample using diagnostic accuracy statistics. Results The proportion of the TBI sample obtaining low scores decreased as the cutoff for defining a low score decreased. Individuals with lower premorbid cognitive ability, as measured by NIHTB-CB crystallized composite score, tended to produce more low scores on the NIHTB-CB fluid cognition tests, even when using fully demographically-adjusted scores. Certain patterns of low scores were associated with TBI (defined as Likelihood Ratio>2.0), whereas others were non-specific, occurring almost as often in participants without TBI. Conclusions/Implications Premorbid ability stratified base rate tables provided in this article can guide researchers and clinicians in the interpretation of NIHTB-CB performance in adults with TBI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NIH toolbox cognition tests following traumatic brain injury: Frequency of low scores.

Holdnack¹,

Silverberg²,

Tulsky³

et al. 2017

Rehabilitation Psychology

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“…Shontz and Wright (1980) add that personal adjustment to disability is not always to the experience of physical damage or loss of function, but rather to the perceived experience of loss of integrity. The struggle of the PPS patient can thus be considered the struggle to reform a new self-identity.…”

Section: Adaptation and Positive Reintegrationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Post-Polio Syndrome: Psychological Adjustment to Disability

Hollingsworth

Didelot

Levington

2002

Issues in Mental Health Nursing

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Although the Pan American Health Organization declared in 1995 that polio had been eliminated in the Western Hemisphere, life-altering effects of the disease continue for many survivors. It is known as Post-Polio Syndrome (PPS). The sheer number of individuals experiencing the symptoms has attracted the attention of the medical community. These physical symptoms are severe enough to change the quality of life and require lifestyle changes for people with PPS to cope with the disease. The psychological implications for individuals who must face the reemergence of a disease they thought they had defeated 30 to 40 years ago are staggering. Thus, there is a crucial need for health care professionals, especially mental health nurses and psychotherapists, to address mental health issues that individuals with PPS experience.

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“…It is the larger responsibility of the profession to foster the empirical and clinical investments in theory development and testing. One exemplar of a multimethod approach is Frank Shontz who produced the trifecta of scholarship: integrative conceptual treatises (e.g., Shontz, 1971Shontz, , 1990, sound research studies (e.g., Gordon & Shontz, 1990;Shontz & McNish, 1972), and state-of-the-art assessments of the profession (e.g., Shontz, 2003;Shontz & Wright, 1980). Following are two fine examples of developing their own branches of contemporary conceptualization and research utilizing the theoretical work of our profession's trailblazers.…”

Section: Invigorating Intradisciplinary Mining and Validating Of Rehamentioning

confidence: 99%