The distinctive roles played by the superoxide dismutases of the extremophile Acinetobacter sp. Ver3

Steimbrüch, Bruno Alejandro; Sartorio, Mariana G.; Cortez, Néstor; Albanesi, Daniela; Lisa, María‐Natalia; Repizo, Guillermo Daniel

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-08052-z

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Acinetobacter spp. were found to encode superoxide dismutases SodB or SodC [ 69 , 75 ] that catalyze the dismutation of O 2 • − to O 2 and H 2 O 2 [ 76 ], which we also detected in the K1 strain. Bacterial strains of the genus Acinetobacter often encode enzymes catalyzing the conversion of H 2 O 2 (catalases KatE and KatG, and alkylhydroperoxidase AhpC) and the repair of oxidized cysteine and methionine residues in bacterial proteins (disulfide isomerase DsbC and methionine sulfoxide reductase Msr) [ 69 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

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Genetic Basis of Acinetobacter sp. K1 Adaptation Mechanisms to Extreme Environmental Conditions

Petrová

Kisková

Kolesárová

et al. 2023

Life

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Anthropogenic pollution often leads to the generation of technosols, technogenic soils with inhospitable conditions for all living organisms including microbiota. Aluminum production near Ziar nad Hronom (Slovakia) resulted in the creation of a highly alkaline and heavy-metal-rich brown mud landfill, from which a bacterial strain of a likely new species of the genus Acinetobacter, Acinetobacter sp. K1, was isolated. The whole-genome sequence analysis of this strain confirmed the presence of operon units enabling tolerance to the heavy metals copper, zinc, cobalt, cadmium, chromium, and metalloid arsenic, which are functionally active. Despite the predominance of plasmid-related sequences in the K1 genome, the results indicate that most of the resistance genes are chromosomally encoded. No significant alkali tolerance of Acinetobacter sp. K1 was observed in vitro, suggesting that community level mechanisms are responsible for the survival of this strain in the highly alkaline, brown mud bacterial community.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Acinetobacter spp. were found to encode superoxide dismutases SodB or SodC [69,75] that catalyze the dismutation of O 2…”

Section: Genetic Determinants Important For Adaptation Of the K1 Stra...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Basis of Acinetobacter sp. K1 Adaptation Mechanisms to Extreme Environmental Conditions

Petrová

Kisková

Kolesárová

et al. 2023

Life

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“…For example, in Acinetobacter sp. Ver3, SodB is a cytoplasmic enzyme, while SodC is found in the periplasm ( Steimbruch et al, 2022 ). The gene sodC was found in the genomes of most Acinetobacter strains (298 genomes).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive genomic analysis provides insights on the high environmental adaptability of Acinetobacter strains

et al. 2023

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Acinetobacter is ubiquitous, and it has a high species diversity and a complex evolutionary pattern. To elucidate the mechanism of its high ability to adapt to various environment, 312 genomes of Acinetobacter strains were analyzed using the phylogenomic and comparative genomics methods. It was revealed that the Acinetobacter genus has an open pan-genome and strong genome plasticity. The pan-genome consists of 47,500 genes, with 818 shared by all the genomes of Acinetobacter, while 22,291 are unique genes. Although Acinetobacter strains do not have a complete glycolytic pathway to directly utilize glucose as carbon source, most of them harbored the n-alkane-degrading genes alkB/alkM (97.1% of tested strains) and almA (96.7% of tested strains), which were responsible for medium-and long-chain n-alkane terminal oxidation reaction, respectively. Most Acinetobacter strains also have catA (93.3% of tested strains) and benAB (92.0% of tested strains) genes that can degrade the aromatic compounds catechol and benzoic acid, respectively. These abilities enable the Acinetobacter strains to easily obtain carbon and energy sources from their environment for survival. The Acinetobacter strains can manage osmotic pressure by accumulating potassium and compatible solutes, including betaine, mannitol, trehalose, glutamic acid, and proline. They respond to oxidative stress by synthesizing superoxide dismutase, catalase, disulfide isomerase, and methionine sulfoxide reductase that repair the damage caused by reactive oxygen species. In addition, most Acinetobacter strains contain many efflux pump genes and resistance genes to manage antibiotic stress and can synthesize a variety of secondary metabolites, including arylpolyene, β-lactone and siderophores among others, to adapt to their environment. These genes enable Acinetobacter strains to survive extreme stresses. The genome of each Acinetobacter strain contained different numbers of prophages (0–12) and genomic islands (GIs) (6–70), and genes related to antibiotic resistance were found in the GIs. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the alkM and almA genes have a similar evolutionary position with the core genome, indicating that they may have been acquired by vertical gene transfer from their ancestor, while catA, benA, benB and the antibiotic resistance genes could have been acquired by horizontal gene transfer from the other organisms.

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“…Note, however, that also the adaptation to airborne spread is linked to antibiotic resistance. Resistance to UV radiation involves enzymes dedicated to the detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as catalases and superoxide dismutases (101, 111), and these enzymes, ROS detoxification and thus redox homeostasis crucially determine deployment of antibiotic activity (2, 23, 39). Moreover, Aspergillus spores are coated with antimicrobial peptides (22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the ecology ofAcinetobacter baumannii– jet stream rider and opportunist by nature

Wilharm,

Skiebe,

Łopińska

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The natural reservoirs of the nosocomial pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii are not well defined. We previously identified white storks as a model system to study the ecology of A. baumannii. Having screened more than 1,300 white stork nestlings over a period of six years across different regions of Poland and Germany (overall isolation rate of ~29.5%), including food chain analyses and environmental samplings, we come up with a detailed picture of the dynamics and diversity of A. baumannii in their natural habitats. Adult storks, rather than being stably colonized with strains of A. baumannii which are successively transferred to their offspring, instead initially encounter these bacteria while foraging. Among their common food sources, consisting of earthworms, small mammals, and insects, we identified earthworms as a potential source of A. baumannii, but more so the associated soil as well as plant roots. Through this, hotspot soil and compost habitats were identified which enable population dynamics to be studied over the course of the year. We demonstrate that sterilized plant material is rapidly colonized by airborne A. baumannii suggesting they patrol to search for novel habitats, being opportunist by nature. The prevalence of A. baumannii exhibited a strong seasonality and peaked during summer. The strains we collected in Poland and Germany represent more than 50% of the worldwide known diversity in terms of the intrinsic OXA-51-like beta-lactamase. A set of ~400 genomes was determined and compared to a diverse set of publicly available genomes. Our pan-genome estimate of the species (~51,000 unique genes) more than doubles the amount proposed by previous studies. Core-genome based phylogenetic analyses illustrated numerous links between wildlife isolates and hospital strains, including ancient as well as recent intercontinental transfer. Our data further suggest massive radiation within the species early after its emergence, matching with human activity during the Neolithic. Deforestation in particular seemed to set the stage for this bloom as we found that forests do not provide conducive conditions for the proliferation of A. baumannii. In contrast, wet and nutrient-rich soil alongside rivers sampled during the summer can yield an isolation rate of ~30%. Linking published work on the interaction between A. baumannii and fungi and on aspergillosis as a major cause of mortality in white stork nestlings to our findings, we hypothesized that fungi and A. baumannii share a long history of coevolution. Interaction studies revealed the capability of A. baumannii to adhere to fungal spores and to suppress spore germination. Taken together, the intrinsic resistance endowment and potential to acquire antibiotic resistance can be explained by coevolution with antibiotic-producing fungi and other microorganisms within soil, and resistance to desiccation stress and radiation can be interpreted in the light of intercontinental hitchhiking through fungal spores.

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The distinctive roles played by the superoxide dismutases of the extremophile Acinetobacter sp. Ver3

Cited by 6 publications

References 60 publications

Genetic Basis of Acinetobacter sp. K1 Adaptation Mechanisms to Extreme Environmental Conditions

Genetic Basis of Acinetobacter sp. K1 Adaptation Mechanisms to Extreme Environmental Conditions

A comprehensive genomic analysis provides insights on the high environmental adaptability of Acinetobacter strains

On the ecology ofAcinetobacter baumannii– jet stream rider and opportunist by nature

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