The distinctive character of shell morphology Rectidens sumatrensis (DUNKER, 1852) against Elongaria orientalis (LEA, 1840) (two local species, bivalvia: Unionidae) from the Brantas river, Indonesia

Affandi, Moch.; Hariyanto, Sucipto; Soegianto, Agoes

doi:10.1063/1.5004281

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Distinguishing Rectidens sumatrensis from Elongaria orientalis using shell characters is difficult or impossible. Affandi et al (2017) suggested the two species can be distinguished by the presence of wrinkles ventral to the pallial line in Rectidens. However, only one Rectidens specimen was included in their molecular assessment and the sequence data referenced in the paper remains unavailable at the time of this publication.…”

Section: Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomic revision of a radiation of South-east Asian freshwater mussels (Unionidae : Gonideinae : Contradentini+Rectidentini)

et al. 2021

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The tribes Contradentini and Rectidentini (Unionidae) comprise a diverse clade of freshwater mussels endemic to South-east Asia. Our understanding of the diversity and phylogeny of this radiation has improved dramatically in recent years, but this systematic transformation has not yet benefited from comprehensive museum sampling or phylogenomic methods. A synthetic taxonomic revision of the Contradentini+Rectidentini that leverages these useful and accessible methods is needed. We set out to (1) generate a phylogenomic reconstruction of the supraspecific relationships of the Contradentini+Rectidentini using anchored hybrid enrichment, (2) revise the taxonomy and geographic boundaries of the generic and species-level diversity of the radiation, and (3) identify patterns of freshwater mussel diversity and distribution in this clade and discuss the processes that may have precipitated them. Our phylogenomic reconstruction using over 1600 loci, with a total alignment length of over a half a million nucleotides, recovers a well supported phylogeny of the clade that resolves four independent multispecies radiations endemic to the Mekong drainage. We examined, digitised, and imaged 1837 records from 15 natural history museums that provided the necessary data to document the morphological variation and geographic distributions of the focal taxa. We also analysed 860 COI sequences, 519 of which were generated in this study, to better understand the species boundaries and geographic distributions of the recovered clades. We recognise 54 valid species in the tribes Contradentini and Rectidentini, including 9 described herein as new to science. Out of this revision emerged several interesting biogeographic patterns that appear to have resulted from recent stream capture, historical confluence, and intradrainage barriers to dispersal. We hypothesise that these phenomena shaped the diversity and distribution of the Contradentini+Rectidentini, contributing to the formation of several characteristic freshwater mussel provinces in South-east Asia.

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Section: Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomic revision of a radiation of South-east Asian freshwater mussels (Unionidae : Gonideinae : Contradentini+Rectidentini)

et al. 2021

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“…While the Trinil aquatic assemblage came to rest in a lowland portion of the watershed, some elements of the assemblage could have originated from river ways and floodplains tens of kilometers up river of Trinil and several hundred in meters elevation. Mussels analogous to those in the main bonebed occur along the modern Brantas River, Java's second largest following the Solo (Affandi et al 2013(Affandi et al , 2017. The Brantas is subject to marked seasonal variations in flow volume, and lahar floods emanating from the active Kelud volcano impact the river as far down as its delta at Madura Strait (Figure 1b).…”

Section: Riverine Faunamentioning

confidence: 99%

Geology and discovery record of the Trinil Pithecanthropus erectus site, Java

Huffman

Berkhout²,

Albers

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The scientific utility of Eugène Dubois' Pithecanthropus erectus (P.e.) Skullcap (Trinil 1), Femur I (Trinil 3) and associated paleontological specimens has been impaired for over a century by questions about their provenience. Firsthand accounts and contemporaneous field photographs, presented here, extensively document the site geology and discovery history. The P.e. specimens and numerous-other fossils were unearthed in 1891- 1893 from small excavations dug into a flat-lying bonebed exposed near the seasonal low water level of the Solo River along its incised left embankment. Dubois' on-site supervisors specified that the two P.e. fossils came from a ~0.2-m-thick bonebed subunit traced at a single elevation for ~12m from the 1891 Skullcap pit (~30m 2 ) to the 1892 Femur-discovery excavation and across an enlarged 1892-1893 trench (~170m 2 ). The depositional co-occurrence of the finds is supported by key documentation: the supervisors' letters to Dubois about Femur I; his initial reporting to the Indies government; 1892-1893 accounts about expanding excavation of the Femur I stratum; Dubois' 1891 1893 government submissions and 1894-1896 publications; confirmation by the Selenka Expedition in 1907-1908; Dubois' annotations on unpublished site photographs; and a letter he wrote the year he died. Field studies in the 1930s to 1970s confirmed the essential aspects of the site geology. The bonebed of 1891-1893 contained fossils referable to the extinct Trinil fauna species Axis lydekkeri, Duboisia santeng and Stegodon trigonocephalus. The Selenka Expedition excavations had a similar assemblage in the same stratigraphic position which they named the Hauptknochenschicht. The bonebed was thin bioclast-rich gravelly volcaniclastic sandstone with taphonomic and sedimentary features indicating an unusual origin. Bioclasts range from proboscidean craniums and logs to rat teeth, freshwater mollusc shells and leaves. The terrestrial-vertebrate skeletal elements are overwhelmingly disarticulated and frequently broken. Their surfaces are little-abraded by fluvial transport. The bone fossilization is quite uniform. More than one-hundred ungulate individuals perished. No evidence has been found of hominin- or terrestrial-carnivore involvement. The bioclasts varied in density from place-to-place and vertically, and were matrix supported in the bonebed. No substantial internal depositional hiatus was reported. In combination with Trinil's paleogeographic context, these features implicate a catastrophic mortality of ungulates in a population aggregation along the floodplain of a perennial paleo-river, followed by lahar-flood transport and deposition of gravel-size lithic- and biotic-materials. Trinil provides evidence favoring a broad archaic-hominin presence in southern Sundaland. The Trinil fauna is a lynch-pin in a long-lasting paleobiogeographic association between H. erectus and certain lineages of large bovids, cervids, proboscideans, rhinoceros, suids and tiger. The bonebed's paleogeographic setting exemplifies the stratovolcanic drainages that H. erectus occupied for >0.8 million years in Java, including the watershed of a marine delta ~150km east of Trinil, a volcanic island ~100km north of Trinil, and areas to its west for 500km (where species associated with Trinil H. erectus occur). In the Java Sea (Sunda Shelf), seismic data image immense Pleistocene river- and coastal-terranes which archaic hominins and other large-mammals, like those at Trinil, might have inhabited.

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The distinctive character of shell morphology Rectidens sumatrensis (DUNKER, 1852) against Elongaria orientalis (LEA, 1840) (two local species, bivalvia: Unionidae) from the Brantas river, Indonesia

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Taxonomic revision of a radiation of South-east Asian freshwater mussels (Unionidae : Gonideinae : Contradentini+Rectidentini)

Taxonomic revision of a radiation of South-east Asian freshwater mussels (Unionidae : Gonideinae : Contradentini+Rectidentini)

Geology and discovery record of the Trinil Pithecanthropus erectus site, Java

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