The dissolution process of the NiO cathodes for molten carbonate fuel cells: state-of-the-art

Freni, S.; Barone, F.; Puglisi, Mattia

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-114x(199801)22:1<17::aid-er339>3.0.co;2-n

Cited by 26 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…First, the acidity of the classical electrolyte Li 2 CO 3 -K 2 CO 3 can be adjusted by adding rare earth bases or by replacing it by a more basic melt such as Li 2 CO 3 -Na 2 CO 3 . The more basic the melt, the lower the Ni dissolution rate [2]. Second, an alternative material can replace the NiO cathode, but it must require high stability and high electrical conductivity with regard to the lithiated NiO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization in MCFC conditions of high-temperature, potentiostatically deposited Co-based thin films on NiO cathode

Lair

Ringuedé

Albin

et al. 2008

Ionics

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Molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) is one of the most advanced high-temperature devices to convert chemical energy into electrical energy without pollution. It can be used in cogeneration as electrical and thermal generator because of its high working temperature (650°C). Nevertheless, its commercialization is still limited. In fact, its lifetime is mostly reduced by the dissolution of the cathode into the corrosive molten carbonate electrolyte. One of the ways to overcome this problem is to modify or protect the state-of-the-art cathode. In the last case, the deposit must present conductivity as good as the classical NiO porous cathode one but a lower solubility in the electrolyte. For this reason, thin films of cobalt(III) were electrodeposited. A classical three-electrode cell was used to deposit Co-based thin films by chronoamperometry in aqueous solution, at relatively high temperature (80°C). The deposition conditions lead to homogeneous, covering, and crystallized films. The microstructure and the crystallinity of the deposits were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. Then, their electrochemical properties were studied in the molten carbonate electrolyte under a mixture of CO 2 and air. In situ measurements such as chronopotentiometry at I=0 (open-circuit potential) or impedance spectroscopy were carried out during 48 h. Moreover, ex situ measurements such as inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy to evaluate the solubility, or SEM and XRD measurements were performed to characterize the thin Co-based films in such molten carbonate fuel cell working cathodic conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization in MCFC conditions of high-temperature, potentiostatically deposited Co-based thin films on NiO cathode

Lair

Ringuedé

Albin

et al. 2008

Ionics

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“…The main life-time limiting factor of the atmospheric systems is loss of electrolyte [1,2], whereas Ni-shorting is the main factor for the pressurised systems [3]. The dissolution at the cathode side of NiO of various kinds has been studied in different molten alkali carbonate mixtures, mainly Li/K and Li/Na, at different temperatures and oxidising gas composition containing O 2 and CO 2 [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. The solubility of NiO depends on temperature and electrolyte composition, but mainly on the partial pressure of carbon dioxide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The solubility of Ni in molten Li2CO3–Na2CO3 (52/48) in H2/H2O/CO2 atmosphere

Bodén¹,

Yoshikawa

Lindbergh³

2007

Journal of Power Sources

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Electrolyte and material challenges

Hoffmȧnn

Yuh

Jopek

2010

Handbook of Fuel Cells

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This chapter sets its focus on the properties of known electrolytes as well as on new improved approaches. So far, most developers have favored two electrolyte mixtures, the lithium potassium carbonate (Li/K 62 : 38 mol%) and the lithium sodium carbonate (Li/Na 52 : 48 or 60 : 40 mol%). The published properties of these mixtures, in spite of the fact that many of them have been measured under different experimental conditions, are compared and discussed. The molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) community is separated into two main groups, which differ mainly in the gas compositions and utilization applied. Since the properties of the electrolyte are influenced significantly by these operating conditions, the electrolyte itself, which is in contact with most of the cell components, may also vary in how it interacts with the components. Therefore, the corrosion of the hardware material (bipolar plate, current collectors, electrodes, matrix, internal reforming catalyst), the evaporation of the electrolyte components and finally the electrochemical properties depend on the operation conditions and have a significant influence on the performance and lifetime of carbonate fuel cell systems. Experimental observations describing effects arising from interaction of the electrolyte with other components are also discussed in this chapter.

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The dissolution process of the NiO cathodes for molten carbonate fuel cells: state-of-the-art

Cited by 26 publications

References 14 publications

Characterization in MCFC conditions of high-temperature, potentiostatically deposited Co-based thin films on NiO cathode

Characterization in MCFC conditions of high-temperature, potentiostatically deposited Co-based thin films on NiO cathode

The solubility of Ni in molten Li2CO3–Na2CO3 (52/48) in H2/H2O/CO2 atmosphere

Electrolyte and material challenges

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