The dispersin-encoding gene (aap) is not restricted to enteroaggregative Escherichia coli

Monteiro, Bianca Tomé; Campos, Leila Carvalho; Sircili, Marcelo Palma; Franzolin, Márcia Regina; Bevilacqua, Luciano F.; Nataro, James P.; Elias, Waldir P.

doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2009.05.011

Cited by 38 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The study done by Gadsden et al [8] showed that unlike the EAEC strain, UPEC strain has no aatA, aggR, aap genes. Also, Monteiro et al [11] demonstrated that aap gene is not specific for EAEC strain. However, the results obtained by our study showed that 140 (57.4%) out of 244 UPEC samples contained one, two or three aatA, aggR, aap genes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Pathogenic Genes aatA, aap, aggR, among Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and Their Linkage with StbA Gene

et al. 2011

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Urinary tract infection (UTI) with E. coli (UPEC) is one of the most common bacterial infections among human beings. In addition to the host predisposing factors, genes are also proposed to have an important role in the occurrence of UTIs. This study investigated the distribution of three pathogenic genes including aggR, aap and aatA among UPEC infected samples and their linkage with stbA, the essential gene for maintaining of pAA plasmid. A total of 244 samples were collected from patients with UTIs through clinical laboratories located in western side of Tehran (Iran) during years [2008][2009]. E. coli isolation was performed according to standard laboratory methods. DNAs were extracted from samples using Boiling method, and the presence of aap, aggR, aatA and stbA genes were investigated by PCR. No pathogenic genes (aap, aggR, aatA) were found in 104 out of 244 UPEC samples, while 14 of them were carrying stbA gene. Out of 140 UPEC samples with pathogenic genes, 94 (46.6%) were carrying aap gene, 52 (23%) aggR gene, and 80 (35.4%) aatA gene. A total of 18 samples were also carrying all pathogenic genes together. Moreover, 44 out of 144 samples were carrying stbA gene. The results obtained by this study showed that the aggR, aap and aatA pathogenic genes have different existence patterns in different E. coli strains that infect different organs. Our study also showed that these three plasmid genes in EAEC strains are able to transpose in the genome and change their level of linkage with pAA plasmid essential gene stbA. Meanwhile, this study confirmed that aggR, aap and aatA genes are not specific to only EAEC strains.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Pathogenic Genes aatA, aap, aggR, among Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and Their Linkage with StbA Gene

et al. 2011

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“…Although the function of this enterotoxin is not completely understood, it has been associated with diarrhea in children (47). Despite the fact that astA and, less frequently, the aap gene have been reported in E. coli pathotypes other than EAEC (39,40,(48)(49)(50)(51)(52), their detection remains useful for the diagnosis of EAEC in- fection if they are screened in combination with other EAEC genes. However, the widespread presence of the astA gene in urine isolates investigated in our study warrants further efforts to better understand its role in UPEC pathogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Escherichia coli Isolates from Hospital Inpatients or Outpatients with Urinary Tract Infection

et al. 2014

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e Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the most common cause of community-and hospital-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs). Isolates from uncomplicated community-acquired UTIs express a variety of virulence traits that promote the efficient colonization of the urinary tract. In contrast, nosocomial UTIs can be caused by E. coli strains that differ in their virulence traits from the community-acquired UTI isolates. UPEC virulence markers are used to distinguish these facultative extraintestinal pathogens, which belong to the intestinal flora of many healthy individuals, from intestinal pathogenic E. coli (IPEC). IPEC is a diarrheagenic pathogen with a characteristic virulence gene set that is absent in UPEC. Here, we characterized 265 isolates from patients with UTIs during inpatient or outpatient treatment at a hospital regarding their phylogenies and IPEC or UPEC virulence traits. Interestingly, 28 of these isolates (10.6%) carried typical IPEC virulence genes that are characteristic of enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), and atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (aEPEC), although IPEC is not considered a uropathogen. Twenty-three isolates harbored the astA gene coding for the EAEC heat-stable enterotoxin 1 (EAST1), and most of them carried virulence genes that are characteristic of UPEC and/or EAEC. Our results indicate that UPEC isolates from hospital patients differ from archetypal community-acquired isolates from uncomplicated UTIs by their spectrum of virulence traits. They represent a diverse group, including EAEC, as well as other IPEC pathotypes, which in addition contain typical UPEC virulence genes. The combination of typical extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) and IPEC virulence determinants in some isolates demonstrates the marked genome plasticity of E. coli and calls for a reevaluation of the strict pathotype classification of EAEC.

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“…A recent publication, which compared molecular probes to the "gold standard" (aggregation of cultured epithelial cells), however, suggested that the aap gene is not restricted to EAEC, but is also detected in diffusely adherent E. coli (DAEC) and in nonpathogenic E. coli . 41 We did not observe any significant statistical association between any individual EAEC gene (whether plasmid or chromosome borne) and malnutrition (WAZ < −1).…”

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confidence: 89%

Pediatric Diarrhea in Southern Ghana: Etiology and Association with Intestinal Inflammation and Malnutrition

Opintan¹,

Newman²,

Ayeh‐Kumi³

et al. 2010

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Diarrhea is a major public health problem that affects the development of children. Anthropometric data were collected from 274 children with ( N = 170) and without ( N = 104) diarrhea. Stool specimens were analyzed by conventional culture, polymerase chain reaction for enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC), Shigella , Cryptosporidium , Entamoeba , and Giardia species, and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for fecal lactoferrin levels. About 50% of the study population was mildly to severely malnourished. Fecal lactoferrin levels were higher in children with diarrhea ( P = 0.019). Children who had EAEC infection, with or without diarrhea, had high mean lactoferrin levels regardless of nutritional status. The EAEC and Cryptosporidium were associated with diarrhea ( P = 0.048 and 0.011, respectively), and malnourished children who had diarrhea were often co-infected with both Cryptosporidium and EAEC. In conclusion, the use of DNA-biomarkers revealed that EAEC and Cryptosporidium were common intestinal pathogens in Accra, and that elevated lactoferrin was associated with diarrhea in this group of children.

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The dispersin-encoding gene (aap) is not restricted to enteroaggregative Escherichia coli

Cited by 38 publications

References 33 publications

Distribution of Pathogenic Genes aatA, aap, aggR, among Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and Their Linkage with StbA Gene

Distribution of Pathogenic Genes aatA, aap, aggR, among Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and Their Linkage with StbA Gene

Characterization of Escherichia coli Isolates from Hospital Inpatients or Outpatients with Urinary Tract Infection

Pediatric Diarrhea in Southern Ghana: Etiology and Association with Intestinal Inflammation and Malnutrition

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