The Discovery of Hidden Drawings by Backing Removal: Three Examples Including a Charles Keene Drawing

Caldararo, Niccolo; Sheldon, Rowland

doi:10.1515/rest.1992.13.1.1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Creators of forgeries tend to fill known gaps in the archaeological record, as Kurz detailed in his classic study (1948) and I recently expanded (Caldararo 1992). In this context, the Temple scroll should be the most suspect, as it contains supposedly lost instructions on construction of the Temple of Jerusalem as well as the missing "Statutes of the King" (Yadin 1992).…”

Section: Description Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At this point, the adhesive is so brittle that it must be removed with organic solvents or by mechanical means. In some cases, the related stains can be reduced on paper objects (Caldararo and Sheldon 1992). From tape that has not aged so much as to become embrittled, the carrier can be removed using directed hot air or a hot spatula, and the remaining adhesive picked up with a granular material such as fuller's earth.…”

Section: Surface Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Storage Conditions and Physical Treatments Relating to the Dating of the Dead Sea Scrolls

Caldararo

1995

Radiocarbon

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The Dead Sea Scrolls have been analyzed by paleographic, non-destructive and destructive testing. The dates of their creation have been in dispute since their discovery. Research has established their authenticity, but a variety of conditions including the methods of skin preparation, variation in storage conditions and post-discovery restoration treatments could have introduced changes now affecting dating efforts. Comprehensive analyses were not possible until recently. Such analysis must be performed to establish a concrete framework for all the texts.Professor R. B. Blake told a story in response to a question of why so little remained of writing on leather. He said that on one of his expeditions to Asia Minor, one of his native servants exhibited proudly some chamois trousers of his own manufacture, upon which Professor Blake detected with sorrow, traces of medieval writing (Reed 1972).

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Section: Description Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Surface Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Storage Conditions and Physical Treatments Relating to the Dating of the Dead Sea Scrolls

Caldararo

1995

Radiocarbon

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Traumatic Injury Activates Protein Kinase B/Akt in Cultured Astrocytes: Role of Extracellular ATP and P2 Purinergic Receptors

Neary

Kang

Tran

et al. 2005

Journal of Neurotrauma

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Protein kinase B/Akt is a key signaling molecule that regulates cell survival, growth, and metabolism, and inhibits apoptosis. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) activates Akt, and Akt has been implicated in neuronal survival after TBI, but little is known about injury-induced Akt activation in astrocytes, cells that exhibit hypertrophic and hyperplastic responses to CNS injury. Here we have investigated the effect of mechanical strain on Akt activation in primary cultures of rat cortical astrocytes growing on deformable Silastic membranes. When astrocytes were subjected to mechanical strain (50 msec; 5-7.5 mm displacement), we observed an increase in phosphorylation of serine 473, a key indicator of Akt activation. Akt phosphorylation was increased at 3 min postinjury, was maximal from 5 to 10 min, and declined gradually thereafter. Akt activation was also dependent on the severity of the injury. Stretch-induced Akt phosphorylation was attenuated by blocking calcium influx and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), an upstream activator of Akt. In addition, we found that ATP is rapidly released after mechanical strain and that the P2 purinergic receptor antagonist iso-pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',5'disulfonate (PPADS) attenuated trauma-induced Akt activation. We conclude that mechanical strain causes activation of Akt in astrocytes via stimulation of P2 receptors. This suggests that P2 receptor/Akt signaling promotes astrocyte survival and growth, and this process may play a role in the generation of reactive gliosis after TBI.

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Proteinase Inhibitors from Vegetables and their Application in Enzymatic Conservation Treatments

Nikolova¹

1993

Restaurator

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The Discovery of Hidden Drawings by Backing Removal: Three Examples Including a Charles Keene Drawing

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Storage Conditions and Physical Treatments Relating to the Dating of the Dead Sea Scrolls

Storage Conditions and Physical Treatments Relating to the Dating of the Dead Sea Scrolls

Traumatic Injury Activates Protein Kinase B/Akt in Cultured Astrocytes: Role of Extracellular ATP and P2 Purinergic Receptors

Proteinase Inhibitors from Vegetables and their Application in Enzymatic Conservation Treatments

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