The Discovery of Global Warming

Weart, Spencer R.

doi:10.4159/9780674417557

Cited by 493 publications

(181 citation statements)

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“…Fleming, 1998;Le Treut et al, 2007;Weart, 2003), it has been acknowledged that increased atmospheric concentrations of aerosol particles might drive a significant radiative forcing process of the planet (Twomey, 1974;Seinfeld and Pandis, 1998;IPCC, 2007). The knowledge of the impacts of aerosols on health, atmospheric composition and climate is still incomplete.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol microphysics modules in the framework of the ECHAM5 climate model – intercomparison under stratospheric conditions

et al. 2009

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Abstract. In this manuscript, we present an intercomparison of three different aerosol microphysics modules that are implemented in the climate model ECHAM5. The comparison was done between the modal aerosol microphysics module M7, which is currently the default aerosol microphysical core in ECHAM5, and two sectional aerosol microphysics modules SALSA, and SAM2. The detailed aerosol microphysical model MAIA was used as a reference to evaluate the results of the aerosol microphysics modules with respect to sulphate aerosol.The ability of the modules to describe the development of the aerosol size distribution was tested in a zero dimensional framework. We evaluated the strengths and weaknesses of different approaches under different types of stratospheric conditions. Also, we present an improved method for the time integration in M7 and study how the setup of the modal aerosol modules affects the evolution of the aerosol size distribution.Intercomparison simulations were carried out with varying SO 2 concentrations from background conditions to extreme values arising from stratospheric injections by large volcanic eruptions. Under background conditions, all microphysics modules were in good agreement describing the shape of the aerosol size distribution, but the scatter between the model results increased with increasing SO 2 concentrations. In particular in the volcanic case the setups of the aerosol modules have to be adapted in order to dependably capture the evoluCorrespondence to: H. Kokkola (harri.kokkola@fmi.fi) tion of the aerosol size distribution, and to perform in global model simulations.In summary, this intercomparison serves as a review of the different aerosol microphysics modules which are currently available for the climate model ECHAM5.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol microphysics modules in the framework of the ECHAM5 climate model – intercomparison under stratospheric conditions

et al. 2009

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“…Remarkably, his crude estimate is larger but not greatly different from the + 2.0 -4.5 °C rise now estimated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2007). Combining his calculations with existing work suggesting that the burning of fossil fuels could significantly alter the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (Högbom, 1894), Arrhenius later became the first person to predict the possibility of man-made global warming (Arrhenius, 1908, Weart, 2008. Now, the recent record of atmospheric CO 2 levels at the Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii, known as the "Keeling curve", clearly shows a steady increase from 1958 ( Figure 1, Keeling et al, 2001, 2005, Scripps, 2008.…”

Section: A 100 Years-old Predictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change, Society Issues and Sustainable Agriculture

Lichtfouse¹

2009

Climate Change, Intercropping, Pest Control and Beneficial Microorganisms

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“…Although it is usually accepted that anthropogenic climate change emerged in public agendas in the 1980s (Moser, 2010), suspicions and worries about changes in the planet's climate due to human activity had been raised among scientists for several decades before (Weart, 2008). A study of environmental content in Portuguese television (Schmidt, 2003) from 1956 (when the national public broadcaster RTP initiated its transmissions) to 1995 provided an overview of how climate-related contents evolved.…”

Section: Attention To Climate Change In Portuguese Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change Communication in Portugal

Horta¹,

Carvalho²

2017

Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Climate Science

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In Portugal, global politics tend to dominate climate change communication. Policy-oriented news stories prevail, being very much influenced by international events, dynamics, and actors, especially European ones, whereas national politicians and officials tend to be given less space. Climate change is thus mainly (re)presented as a global issue, distant from local realities, in spite of the vulnerabilities that the country faces. National policy makers tend to adopt a technocratic discourse that comes across as “rational” and fairly optimistic, with little contestation by environmental groups or others. A “green economy” discourse has prevailed in the media, with investment on renewable energy being depicted as the way to both stimulating the economy and addressing climate change. Scientific knowledge tends to be represented as consensual and national scientists tend to avoid dramatization. Although public opinion surveys have shown that the population considers climate change a serious problem and skepticism regarding its anthropogenic causes is low, surveys have also revealed high levels of ignorance and self-evaluated lack of information. In spite of a traditionally weak environmental movement and lack of public engagement, the population has shown a consistent sense of collective responsibility to tackle climate change. The economic and financial crisis up until the mid-2010s considerably affected the already fragile media system and turned political and public attention to economy-related topics. News coverage of climate change, in all its complexity, has been constrained by a lack of specialized reporters and increased dependency on the pro-activity of news sources.

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The Discovery of Global Warming

Cited by 493 publications

References 0 publications

Aerosol microphysics modules in the framework of the ECHAM5 climate model – intercomparison under stratospheric conditions

Aerosol microphysics modules in the framework of the ECHAM5 climate model – intercomparison under stratospheric conditions

Climate Change, Society Issues and Sustainable Agriculture

Climate Change Communication in Portugal

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