The direction of growth of differentiating neurones and myoblasts from frog embryos in an applied electric field.

Hinkle, Lawrence E.; McCaig, Colin; Robinson, K. R.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1981.sp013695

Cited by 313 publications

(185 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(35 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

167

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…As we stated in a preliminary report of this phenomenon (30), this is the first example of galvanotaxis in embryonic cells and only the second case of perpendicular orientation (the first being Xenopus muscle cell elongation [16]) . Recently, two other laboratories have independently found that amphibian neural crest cells exhibit the same three types of response to steady fields (40, 7), and we have also observed the orientation response in quail neural crest cells (12,30).…”

Section: New Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Embryonic fibroblast motility and orientation can be influenced by physiological electric fields.

Erickson¹,

Nuccitelli²

1984

The Journal of Cell Biology

301

190

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Epithelial layers in developing embryos are known to drive ion currents through themselves that will, in turn, generate small electric fields within the embryo . We hypothesized that the movement of migratory embryonic cells might be guided by such fields, and report here that embryonic quail somite fibroblast motility can be strongly influenced by small DC electric fields . These cells responded to such fields in three ways: (a) The cells migrated towards the cathodal end of the field by extending lamellipodia in that direction . The threshold field strength for this galvanotaxis was between 1 and 10 mV/mm when the cells were cultured in plasma. (b) The cells oriented their long axes perpendicular to the field lines. The threshold field strength for this response for a 90-min interval in the field was 150 mV/mm in F12 medium and between 50 and 100 mV/mm in plasma. (c) The cells elongated under the influence of field strengths of 400 mV/mm and greater . These fibroblasts were therefore able to detect a voltage gradient at least as low as 0.2 mV across their width. Electric fields of at least 10-fold larger in magnitude than this threshold field have been detected in vivo in at least one vertebrate thus far, so we believe that these field effects encompass a physiological range .

show abstract

Section: New Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a related phenomenon of embryonic cell galvanotropism has also been observed in developing neurons. This cell type grows toward the cathode in a DC electric field (19,16,13,33). It is important to note that the field strengths that elicit these galvanotropic and galvanotactic responses in vitro are quite small and may well be generated in vivo.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Embryonic fibroblast motility and orientation can be influenced by physiological electric fields.

Erickson¹,

Nuccitelli²

1984

The Journal of Cell Biology

301

190

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, after a lag period of 30 min following the exposure to voltage gradient, the neurites facing the anode start to regress as if being repelled by the anodal electrode. Further clarification on the response of applied Direct Current (DC) voltages on single nerve fibres was shown by Hinkle et al [40] and Patel & Poo [64]. They observed that the neurites that were parallel to the field grow towards the cathode, while the ones that were perpendicular to the electric field turned in order to grow towards the cathode.…”

Section: Applied Electrical Fields For Axonal Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Role of electrical stimulation for rehabilitation and regeneration after spinal cord injury: an overview

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Structural discontinuity in the spinal cord after injury results in a disruption in the impulse conduction resulting in loss of various bodily functions depending upon the level of injury. This article presents a summary of the scientific research employing electrical stimulation as a means for anatomical or functional recovery for patients suffering from spinal cord injury. Electrical stimulation in the form of functional electrical stimulation (FES) can help facilitate and improve upper/lower limb mobility along with other body functions lost due to injury e.g. respiratory, sexual, bladder or bowel functions by applying a controlled electrical stimulus to generate contractions and functional movement in the paralysed muscles. The available rehabilitative techniques based on FES technology and various Food and Drug Administration, USA approved neuroprosthetic devices that are in use are discussed. The second part of the article summarises the experimental work done in the past 2 decades to study the effects of weakly applied direct current fields in promoting regeneration of neurites towards the cathode and the new emerging technique of oscillating field stimulation which has shown to promote bidirectional regeneration in the injured nerve fibres. The present article is not intended to be an exhaustive review but rather a summary aiming to highlight these two applications of electrical stimulation and the degree of anatomical/functional recovery associated with these in the field of spinal cord injury research.

show abstract

“…Borgens et al [112][113][114][115] reported that the spinal cord responded to damage by generating large and persistent electrical signals, and in turn applied electric stimulation promoted spinal cord repair in human and other mammals. Hinkle et al [86,92,[124][125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132][133] reported that many vitro experiments showed that the electric fields were equivalent to those measured in vivo control important cell behaviors such as directional cell migration (galvanotaxis or electrotaxis), cell division orientation, and cell cycle control.…”

Section: Pathophysiological and Biological Significance Of Spontaneoumentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous high-frequency action potential

Shen

Choe

2011

Sci. China Life Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Action potential, which is the foundation of physiology and electrophysiology, is most vital in physiological research. This work starts by detecting cardiac electrophysiology (tachyarrhythmias), combined with all spontaneous discharge phenomena in vivo such as wound currents and spontaneous neuropathic pain, elaborates from generation, induction, initiation, to all of the features of spontaneous high-frequency action potential--SSL action potential mechanism, i.e., connecting-end hyperpolarization initiates spontaneous depolarization and action potential in somatic membrane. This work resolves the conundrums of in vivo spontaneous discharge in tachyarrhythmias, wounds, denervation supersensitivity, neurogenic pain (hyperalgesia and allodynia), epileptic discharge and diabetic pain in pathophysiological and clinical researches that have puzzled people for a hundred years. action potential, spontaneous high-frequency action potential, tachyarrhythmias, atrial fibrillation, wound, denervation supersensitivity, neurogenic pain, hyperalgesia and allodynia, epileptic discharge, diabetic pain, regeneration and development Citation:Shen H Y, Choe W C. Spontaneous high-frequency action potential. Sci China Life Sci, 2011Sci, , 54: 311 -335, doi: 10.1007 Wound, nerve disconnection, and atrial fibrillation (AF) induced by the excessive atrial dilation, are commonly characterized by the spontaneous repetitive discharge. Their common induction is the disconnection of intercellular connection, and their common result is the initiation of spontaneous high-frequency discharge, which discloses the existence of the special action of intercellular connection.The Hodgkin-Huxley model has predicted, and the computer models in applied mathematics have well demonstrated, that potassium leakage causes persistent spontaneous electrifying state with spontaneous oscillation of high-frequency action potential. The sustained disconnection of connecting-end space induces potassium leakage in the connecting-end and consequently the sustained reduction of [K + ] i , which induces in vivo spontaneous high-frequency action potential in plasmalemma.To form an intercellular conduction, connecting-end space exerts action on ion diffusions, the alteration of the space alters ion diffusions (i.e., ionic permeability) in the connecting-end. The abolishment of connecting-end space action causes K + leakage and consequently the reduction of intracellular positive electropotential (IPE) (i.e., the increase of intracellular negative potential), which elevates resting somatic membrane potential and initiates action potential in somatic membrane. SSL action potential is named to the course from the initiation (i.e., connecting-end hyperpolarization) to the termination of somatic membrane action potential.Tachyarrhythmias that are characterized by spontaneous discharge have been most deeply studied. Their inductions contain both mechanical actions and chemical actions, and their courses contain the transformation from traditional action potential to SSL-ty...

show abstract

The direction of growth of differentiating neurones and myoblasts from frog embryos in an applied electric field.

Cited by 313 publications

References 29 publications

Embryonic fibroblast motility and orientation can be influenced by physiological electric fields.

Embryonic fibroblast motility and orientation can be influenced by physiological electric fields.

Role of electrical stimulation for rehabilitation and regeneration after spinal cord injury: an overview

Spontaneous high-frequency action potential

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About