The Direct Contact Condensation of Steam in a Pool at Low Mass Flux

Youn, Deok Hyun; Ko, Kyung Bo; Lee, Young Yeon; Kim, Moo Hwan; Bae, Youn Young; Park, Jong Kyun

doi:10.1080/18811248.2003.9715431

Cited by 81 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Several pool layouts have been studied: rectangular [17,18,21,22], the cylindrical pools of the PANDA [23], POOLEX [7,[24][25][26], and PUMA [27] facilities, toroidal [4,28], and trapezoidal [11]. Downward injection blowdown pipes [3,17,18,28,29], horizontal injection [11,30], vertical upward injection [31], and multi-hole spargers [3,4] are among the vent pipe configurations that have been studied. Consequently, many factors, including the pool's internal mixing, the quencher's design and location, and the pool's size and shape have all been proposed to have a role in the degree to which stratification occurs and the pressure transient it causes in the SP air space.…”

Section: Literature Review and Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Study of Thermal Stratification in a Scaled-Down, Toroidal Suppression Pool of Fukushima Daiichi Type BWR

Kota

Ali

Jayanti

2023

Fluids

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During the 2011 nuclear catastrophe at Fukushima Daiichi, Unit 3 had a sharper increase in containment pressure than Unit 2, with thermal stratification of the suppression pool cited as one of the contributing factors. In the present work, the buoyancy-induced circulation consequent to steam condensation in a large, toroidal pool of water is studied using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations with a view to understanding the role of important design parameters of the suppression pool system. The tunnelling phenomenon observed in the development of the thermal stratification process is delineated in terms of the establishment of a thermocline. The effects of the number of steam injection points and the cross-section of the pool on thermal stratification characteristics have been investigated through a number of case studies. In all the cases, the surface temperature, which is responsible for over-pressurization of the containment, is found to be significantly higher than the bulk pool temperature. Multiple injection points with the same overall steam flow rate are found to lead to higher surface temperatures due to a shortened circulation path. For the same volume of pool water, the simulations show that a deeper and narrower pool gives rise to significantly higher temperatures than a wider and shallower pool. This is attributed to the relatively deeper penetration of the buoyancy-induced circulation into the pool.

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Section: Literature Review and Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Study of Thermal Stratification in a Scaled-Down, Toroidal Suppression Pool of Fukushima Daiichi Type BWR

Kota

Ali

Jayanti

2023

Fluids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The The band of the error band is determined by fluctuations, which were neglected when Equation (5) was approximated. Sonin, in [12] experimentally investigated this phenomenon related to pressure waves propagating along the pool, while Youn [13] focused the particular case in which pressure waves are Table 1. Extension correlation selected in the literature.…”

Section: Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Formulation for Semi-Empirical Correlations for Penetration Jets

Pacheco¹,

Freire²,

Rocha³

et al. 2019

WJNST

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Correlations for the extension of a water vapor jet injected in a liquid pool were historically proposed considering the mass flux (kg/m 2 /s) as a constant. The results were satisfactory, however adjusting the values by linear regression. Although, it presents the following drawbacks: 1) the formulation is only valid for the specific range of data for what it was created; 2) it does not allow the analytical evaluation of the heat transfer coefficient from the extension equation. This paper proposes a new formulation for the calculation of the mass flux, in such a way to remove both of these drawbacks.

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“…At very low steam fluxes and high water subcooling, the steam-water interface moves periodically in and out of the injection hole and this regime is indicated as chugging. For stagnant pools, both regimes have been investigated by Nariai and Aya [9], Aya and Nariai [1], Youn et al [17] and Chan and Lee [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature fields induced by direct contact condensation of steam in a cross-flow in a channel

et al. 2011

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The temperature fields in the center plane of a channel with a square cross-section have been measured. Steam injected at relatively low mass fluxes through a small hole in one of the walls of the channel condensed intermittently in a small area close to the inlet. The upstream temperature of the liquid cross-flow, T L , the momentum ratio, J, and the Prandtl number proved to be important for the single-phase temperature field induced in the jet further away from the steam inlet. Jet centerlines of velocity and temperature are measured and positions are compared. Different locations for J \ 100 and low T L are explained from dependencies on Reynolds and Prandtl numbers. Next to the jet centerline a second high-temperature zone was found to occur, close to the wall and downstream of the steam inlet. The importance of capillary forces is investigated with the aid of 3D CFD computations. Wall-normal coordinate (Fig. 4) [m] y Wall-parallel coordinate (Fig. 4) [m] List of symbolsGreek letters a Heat diffusivity, k/qC p (m 2 /s) l Dynamic viscosity (Pa s) v Kinematic viscosity, l/q (m 2 s) q Mass density (kg/m 3 ) r Surface tension coefficient (N/m) n Coordinate along jet centerline (Fig. 4) [m]

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The Direct Contact Condensation of Steam in a Pool at Low Mass Flux

Cited by 81 publications

References 5 publications

CFD Study of Thermal Stratification in a Scaled-Down, Toroidal Suppression Pool of Fukushima Daiichi Type BWR

CFD Study of Thermal Stratification in a Scaled-Down, Toroidal Suppression Pool of Fukushima Daiichi Type BWR

New Formulation for Semi-Empirical Correlations for Penetration Jets

Temperature fields induced by direct contact condensation of steam in a cross-flow in a channel

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