The dimensional symptom structure of schizophrenia and its association with temperament and character

Guillem, François; Bicu, Monica; Semkovska, Maria; Debruille, J. Bruno

doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(01)00257-2

Cited by 98 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Although SNS levels were correlated to psychotic symptoms [22] , poor insight [24] and executive Peritogiannis V. Sensation/novelty seeking in psychosis function [25] in different studies, these results were not replicated by subsequent reports. Importantly, in most studies there was no association between SNS and symptoms' expression.…”

Section: Sns and Psychopathologymentioning

confidence: 71%

Sensation/novelty seeking in psychotic disorders: A review of the literature

Peritogiannis¹

2015

WJP

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The evaluation of personality traits is important for the better understanding of the person suffering from psychosis and for treatment individualization. However literature on patients' personality and character in such disorders is limited. The aim of this review was to summarize the literature on sensation/novelty seeking (SNS), a trait which is biologically based and highly heritable and is associated with dopamine activity, and refers to a person's tendency to seek varied, novel, complex, and intense sensations and experiences. A total of 38 studies were included in this review, involving 2808 patients and 2039 healthy controls. There is consistent evidence that this trait is independently associated with alcohol and substance abuse in patients with schizophrenia and related disorders. The estimation of SNS would help clinicians to identify patients at risk for abuse. There is also some evidence that higher SNS levels may relate to medication non-adherence and seem to increase the risk of patients' aggressive and violent behavior, but studies are scarce. SNS was found not to be related to suicidality, whereas in the fields of patients' quality of life and psychopathology results are contradictory, but most studies show no possible association. Several studies suggest that SNS is lower in psychotic patients compared to controls, whereas most yield no differences. The evidence for this trait as a potential endophenotype of schizophrenia is weak. SNS may be implicated in psychotic disorders' course and prognosis in several ways and should be always inquired for. This trait can be reliably measured with the use of easily applicable self-rated instruments, and patients' accounts could inform clinicians when planning management and delivering individualized treatment. Core tip: This review summarizes current research on the personality trait sensation/novelty seeking (SNS) in psychotic disorders. There is an emerging literature on SNS in psychotic patients, suggesting that this trait is associated with patients' alcohol and substance misuse. Some evidence suggests that SNS may be related to medication non-adherence and aggressive behavior, whereas data on other illness dimensions, such as quality of life and psychopathology are scarce and controversial. In general, patients with psychotic disorders appear to have lower SNS levels than healthy controls, but abusing patients, who probably have high SNS levels are often excluded from research. REVIEWSubmit a

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Section: Sns and Psychopathologymentioning

confidence: 71%

Sensation/novelty seeking in psychotic disorders: A review of the literature

Peritogiannis¹

2015

WJP

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“…124,125 Also a comparison between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls revealed important differences in TCI scores. 126 Therefore, we believe that all participants in a genetic study on personality should be interviewed by a trained clinician to exclude major neuropsychiatric disorders, such as affective and psychotic disorders. In addition, we advocate the use of individuals who have been sampled specifically for participating in a genetic personality project.…”

Section: Replicabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics of personality: are we making progress?

2003

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For centuries, scientists are intrigued by the differences in personality between individuals. As early as in the ancient Greek civilization, people tried to formulate theories to systematize this diversity. With the increased interest in behavior genetics, personality was also considered a challenging phenotype. From the early start, studies suggested a heritable component in personality. After the successes of molecular genetic studies in unraveling the genetic basis of (mostly) monogenic diseases, the focus shifted towards complex traits, including psychiatric disorders. It was observed in several studies that personality measures differed between patients with psychiatric disorders and healthy controls. Therefore, normal personality was considered a viable endophenotype in the search for genes involved in psychiatric disorders such as affective disorders, ADHD and substance dependence. Genes that were to be found in studies on personality could be candidate genes for particular psychiatric disorders. In the course of time, however the study of genes for personality turned out to be at least as hard as the search for genes involved in other complex disorders. In this review, past studies, present problems and future directions concerning the study of personality genetics are discussed.

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“…O ITC tem sido administrado em inúmeros estudos, em diversos países e, por integrar a espiritualidade como um constructo ligado à maturidade do caráter, tem apresentado resultados importantes para o avanço da compreensão das relações entre personalidade e espiritualidade (Cloninger et al, 1993;Cloninger, Svrakic, & Svrakic, 1997;Guillem, Bicu, Semkovska, & Debruille, 2002;Hori et al, 2008).…”

Section: Robert Cloninger E O Modelo Psicobiológico De Temperamentunclassified

Saúde e Doença nas Experiências Religiosas/Espirituais: Integrando Modelos de Wilber e Cloninger

et al. 2017

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ResumoO estudo científico das experiências religiosas/espirituais tem sido negligenciado ao longo da história da Psicologia, ocasionando uma indiferenciação destas e dos sintomas psicóticos de conteúdo religioso/espiritual. O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar e comparar duas teorias: a Psicologia Integral, de Wilber, e o Modelo Psicobiológico de Cloninger, a fim de desenvolver critérios para diferenciar saúde e doença mental em experiências religiosas/espirituais. O conceito wilberiano de "Falácia Pré-Trans" aparece enquanto chave de leitura para a diferenciação entre experiência religiosas/espirituais e transtornos mentais, aproximando-se da concepção de maturidade de caráter observada nos conceitos de autodirecionamento e de autotranscendência de Cloninger. Palavras-chave: experiências religiosas, transpessoal, autodirecionamento, autotranscendência Health and Illness in Religious/Spiritual experiences: integrating Wilber's and Cloninger's Models AbstractThe scientific study of religious/spiritual experiences has been neglected throughout the history of psychology causing a lack of differentiation between them and psychotic symptoms. The objective of this study was to analyze and compare two theories: Integral Psychology, by Wilber, and the Psychobiological Model, by Cloninger, in order to distinguish health and mental illness in religious/spiritual experiences. The Wilberian concept of "Pre-Trans Fallacy" is a reading key to differ religious/spiritual experiences from mental disorders. It is similar to the conception of Maturity of Character observed in Cloninger's concepts of Self-directedness and Self-transcendence.

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The dimensional symptom structure of schizophrenia and its association with temperament and character

Cited by 98 publications

References 56 publications

Sensation/novelty seeking in psychotic disorders: A review of the literature

Sensation/novelty seeking in psychotic disorders: A review of the literature

Genetics of personality: are we making progress?

Saúde e Doença nas Experiências Religiosas/Espirituais: Integrando Modelos de Wilber e Cloninger

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