The Diffusion-Reaction Problem in Triphase Catalysis

Desikan, Sridhar; Doraiswamy, L. K.

doi:10.1021/ie00037a041

Cited by 44 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Hence, from industrial point of view, polymer-anchored catalyst is more desirable in order to simplify catalyst separation from the reaction mixture and its reuse thereby the need for complex chromatographic techniques can be avoided for product separation and isolation [3][4][5][6][7][8]. To circumvent the problem of separation of catalyst from the reaction mixture, for the first time Regen [9] reported anchoring the phase transfer catalysts to a polymer backbone and suggested the name ''Triphase Catalysis''.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Potential of a New Polymer-Anchored Multisite Phase Transfer Catalyst in the Dichlorocarbene Addition to Indene

Vivekanand

Balakrishnan

2009

Catal Lett

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The popularity of triphase catalysis in industries is due to straightforward catalyst recovery from reaction mixture. In this work we report a facile preparation a new polymer-anchored multisite phase transfer catalyst viz., polymer-anchored-2-benzyl-2-phenyl-1,3-bis (triethylmethylene ammonium chloride) (PABPBTAC) using polystyrene-based cross-linked beads. In order to ascertain the catalytic efficiency of the new heterogeneous catalyst, we studied its catalytic activity in the conversion of indene into dichlorocyclopropyl indene using chloroform and sodium hydroxide. Comparative catalytic efficiency of the new polymer-anchored multisite phase transfer catalyst with polymer-supported single site onium salts revealed that the new heterogeneous phase transfer catalyst is highly active than others. Further, from the influence of variation of experimental parameters, such as [substrate], [catalyst], [NaOH], stirring speed and temperature on indene conversion was studied in detail.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Potential of a New Polymer-Anchored Multisite Phase Transfer Catalyst in the Dichlorocarbene Addition to Indene

Vivekanand

Balakrishnan

2009

Catal Lett

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“…By solving the nonlinear algebraic equations of (11), (12), (32), (36), (37), (38), and (39) with the specified parameters or the operating conditions, the simulation results for f = 1 are given in Figures 1-3. As given in (28) and (29), the Damkohler number (D a ) is defined as the ratio of the reaction rate to the mass transfer rate.…”

Section: ( )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Mass Transfer in Phase Transfer Catalytic Heterogeneous Reaction Systems

Vivekanand¹,

Wang²

2011

Mass Transfer - Advanced Aspects

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“…The combined liquid layers were washed with H 2 O (3 20 mL). The solid formed was discarded and the clear liquid phase was dried over MgSO 4 and evaporated under reduced pressure to give a sticky brown residue (1.04 g) that was dissolved in CH 2 Cl 2 (10 mL). The solution was extracted with PFDMC (3 15 mL).…”

Section: Experimental Section General Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4] They can be easily separated from reaction products by simple filtration and then reused; but unfortunately, their broad application has been limited by the fact that most PTC reactions are much slower with insoluble catalysts owing to mass transfer limitations. More importantly, most solid-bound catalysts have not been found to be mechanically robust enough to survive repeated reaction/separation cycles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perfluorocarbon Soluble Crown Ethers as Phase Transfer Catalysts

2008

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Fluorous derivatives of dibenzo-18-crown-6 ether were readily prepared by means of metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, and then successfully applied as catalysts in representative solid-liquid phase transfer catalysis (PTC) reactions, which were performed in standard organic solvents, such as chlorobenzene and toluene, and also in fluorous solvents, such as perfluoro-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane (PFDMC). It was clearly shown that properly designed fluoroponytailed crown ethers can promote the disintegration of the crystal lattice of alkali salts and transfer anions from the solid surface into an apolar, non-coordinating perfluorocarbon phase. Far from being a simple chemical curiosity, this unprecedented observation has relevant implications in the design of PTC scenarios of wide applicability. This new paradigm represents an advance in crown ether chemistry, and their use as recyclable phase transfer catalysts.

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The Diffusion-Reaction Problem in Triphase Catalysis

Cited by 44 publications

References 62 publications

Catalytic Potential of a New Polymer-Anchored Multisite Phase Transfer Catalyst in the Dichlorocarbene Addition to Indene

Catalytic Potential of a New Polymer-Anchored Multisite Phase Transfer Catalyst in the Dichlorocarbene Addition to Indene

Role of Mass Transfer in Phase Transfer Catalytic Heterogeneous Reaction Systems

Perfluorocarbon Soluble Crown Ethers as Phase Transfer Catalysts

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