The Diffusion of Hydrogen in Beta Zirconium

Albrecht, W.M.; Goode, W.D.

doi:10.2172/4247005

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…The temperature correlations given in [2][3][4] are compared. Whereas the data obtained for 1123 K and partially at 1173 K agree well with the correlation given in [4] and be not far away from [2], the slope of the curve and with it the activation energy determined is higher than the values given in [2,3]. The data obtained for 1273 and 1373 K and partially for 900 K agree better with the correlation given in [3].…”

Section: Hydrogen Diffusion In Single Phase β-Zrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kinetic parameters like the hydrogen transport have to be quantified as well. Hydrogen diffusion in zirconium was studied in various works [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. The published diffusion coefficients differ for some temperatures by more than two orders of magnitude.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fig. 2 shows the temperature correlations given in [2][3][4]6] in an Arrhenius plot. The phase transformation between the hexagonal closest packed α-and the body centred cubic β-structure at about 1100 K (10 4 /T ~ 9 K -1 ) cannot explain the discrepancy in these values completely.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The phase transformation between the hexagonal closest packed α-and the body centred cubic β-structure at about 1100 K (10 4 /T ~ 9 K -1 ) cannot explain the discrepancy in these values completely. Albrecht [2] Gelezunas [4] Kearns [6] Fig. 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2. Arrhenius plot of the temperature correlation of hydrogen diffusion coefficients in α-and β-zirconium published in [2][3][4]6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In-situ investigation of hydrogen diffusion in Zircaloy-4 by means of neutron radiography

Große

Berg

Goulet

et al. 2012

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract. The hydrogen diffusion from the gas phase into Zircaloy-4 solid cylinders was investigated at various temperatures between 823 and 1473 K. Diffusion coefficients were fitted using axial hydrogen distributions for all temperatures investigated. The activation energy of the hydrogen diffusion was calculated for temperatures at which the bcc β phase is stable. The determined value of 48.3 kJ mol -1 K -1 is significantly higher than values published by other authors. At lower temperatures the hydrogen uptake is connected with a phase transformation from the hcp α-to the bcc β-phase. The spatial phase distribution and the hydrogen concentrations in the two phases were analysed. IntroductionThe progression of accidents in nuclear power reactors are studied experimentally at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT, the former Research Centre Karlsruhe -FZK) in the framework of the QUENCH program. The investigations comprise loss of coolant accidents (LOCA) and severe accidents (accidents beyond LOCA). The processes occurring during such accidents are simulated on fuel rod bundle scale in the large scale QUENCH tests. The very expensive tests were supplemented by separate-effect tests on laboratory scale. In the framework of this program, the hydrogen diffusion in the β-phase of the classic nuclear fuel rod cladding material Zircaloy-4 (Zry-4) was studied in-situ by means of neutron radiography. During loss of coolant accidents, free hydrogen is produced by the reaction between the hot zirconium alloy cladding material covering the fuel rods and steam. Very simplified the reaction can be described by:(1)Part of the produced hydrogen is released as gaseous H 2 into the reactor environment. The release can result in hydrogen detonations as happened in the Fukushima accident. The other part of the produced hydrogen is absorbed by the remaining metallic zirconium alloy. It degrades the mechanical properties and in particular the thermo-shock stability. An emergency cooling to terminate the accident can then result in a destruction of the cladding tube connected with release and redistribution of fuel and fission products. Fig. 1

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Section: Hydrogen Diffusion In Single Phase β-Zrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2. Arrhenius plot of the temperature correlation of hydrogen diffusion coefficients in α-and β-zirconium published in [2][3][4]6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

In-situ investigation of hydrogen diffusion in Zircaloy-4 by means of neutron radiography

Große

Berg

Goulet

et al. 2012

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Zirconium Hydrides and Hafnium Hydrides

Beck¹,

Mueller²

1968

Metal Hydrides

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Hydrogen in Ti and Zr alloys: industrial perspective, failure modes and mechanistic understanding

Chapman

Dye²,

Rugg

2017

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Titanium is widely used in demanding applications, such as in aerospace. Its strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance make it well suited to highly stressed rotating components. Zirconium has a no less critical application where its low neutron capture cross section and good corrosion resistance in hot water and steam make it well suited to reactor core use, including fuel cladding and structures. The similar metallurgical behaviour of these alloy systems makes it alluring to compare and contrast their behaviour. This is rarely undertaken, mostly because the industrial and academic communities studying these alloys have little overlap. The similarities with respect to hydrogen are remarkable, albeit potentially unsurprising, and so this paper aims to provide an overview of the role hydrogen has to play through the material life cycle. This includes the relationship between alloy design and manufacturing process windows, the role of hydrogen in degradation and failure mechanisms and some of the underpinning metallurgy. The potential role of some advanced experimental and modelling techniques will also be explored to give a tentative view of potential for advances in this field in the next decade or so.This article is part of the themed issue 'The challenges of hydrogen and metals'.

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The Diffusion of Hydrogen in Beta Zirconium

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

In-situ investigation of hydrogen diffusion in Zircaloy-4 by means of neutron radiography

In-situ investigation of hydrogen diffusion in Zircaloy-4 by means of neutron radiography

Zirconium Hydrides and Hafnium Hydrides

Hydrogen in Ti and Zr alloys: industrial perspective, failure modes and mechanistic understanding

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